一元n次多项式根的圆环覆盖定理

本文的主要结果是利用相容矩阵范数的性质给出了一元ｎ次多项式根的圆环覆盖定理，即一元ｎ次多项式的所有非零复根必全都落在复平面上同一个圆环区域内．特别，ｎ次二项式的所有非零复根必都落在同一个圆周上．这一结果，可以改进盖尔斯果林（Ｇｅｒｓｓｇｏｒｉｎ）的圆盘覆盖定理的结果．     

建构网络恐怖主义治理的国际规范——一种新自由制度主义的分析框架

处于全球化纵深演进和信息化迅速发展的时代,互联网在客观上成为恐怖主义滋生的放大器。与网络冲突、网络间谍和网络犯罪一样,网络恐怖主义成为网络空间安全的威胁来源和风险因素,是国际安全领域最新型、最棘手的难题之一。为此,需要通过国际规范的建构与扩散,降低互联网对极端主义的赋能。基于新自由制度主义关于国际合作的理论,经由“组织、机制和惯习”的路径,即网络空间治理层面的“共同协作”、日常层面的“威慑防范”和惩戒层面的“合力打击”,可以构建网络恐怖主义治理的人类利益与命运的共同体。就现实而言,尽管由于各国的法律框架和安全措施存在差异,网络追查无法准确溯源,在切断传播路径上企业和国家之间存在价值冲突等原因,打击和处罚经常是跨国性质的网络恐怖主义尚存在很多问题与挑战,国际社会已经开始从规则、机制、机构和秩序等维度凝聚共识、联动备战并持续努力,进而通过加强各国的政策和实践协调及威胁信息和最佳实践的共享等,为形成惯习、建立全球性的制度框架提供可行的路径。     

Criteria for determining illegality and the theory of anti-value acts （Handlungsunwert）： with a discussion of the standpoint of contemporary Chinese criminal jurisprudence

违法性论是刑法理论的试金石,研究违法性判断的基准问题,对于形成学派论争,全面推进中国刑法学的发展有重大意义。结果无价值论和行为无价值论思考违法性问题的路径不同,由此导致犯罪成立范围、认定犯罪过程、犯罪和刑罚的关系、刑法和社会的关联性都不相同。（二元的）行为无价值论充分考虑特定时期的社会现实、规范期待,注重刑法的行为引导功能,是合理的理论。根据这种违法性论,违法性判断的核心是行为,法益侵害只是决定“行为性质”的要素;刑法不是单纯为了弥补损害,而要着眼于让国民养成规范意识,防止损害再次发生。当代中国刑法学应当以（二元的）行为无价值论为基点来建构,以回应社会需要,促进公众的规范认同。     

Results of a Social Norm Intervention to Prevent Binge Drinking Among First-year Residential College Students

Abstract

The effects of a primary prevention social norm intervention on binge drinking among 1st-year residential college students were examined. Six hundred thirty-four students attending a medium-sized public university in the South were randomly assigned to receive a two-phase social norm intervention or the standard campus psychoeducational prevention program. At posttest, no differences were found between intervention and control group students on any of the alcohol use and alcohol-use risk factor measures. Significant subgroup differences were found by stage of initiating binge drinking behaviors, for frequency of alcohol use, F(3, 507) = 3.69, p = .01; quantity of alcohol use, F(3, 507) = 2.51, p = .05; and social norms, F(3, 505) = 2.53, p = .05. These findings suggest the need for tailoring social norm binge drinking interventions to students' stage of initiating heavy drinking and carefully monitoring for potential negative, as well as positive, effects of norm-based prevention messages.     

“无直接利益冲突”:政治伦理争夺与价值规范

现代国家的稳定与统一,很大程度上取决于市民社会的发展。市民社会安定、有序的发展必须科学化解"无直接利益冲突"事件。从现实上看,"无直接利益冲突"是公众与国家权威争夺政治伦理价值的结果。事件参与者更多地是表达自己的利益诉求、维护既定的生活秩序、实现个人利益与公共权力的统一。为了从理论上理清"无直接利益冲突"事件中伦理价值争夺,可以把"无直接利益冲突"事件发生分解为社会空间、制度认可、社会情感、目标选择四个环节。经过案例分析可以得出,为了消解政治伦理争夺,必须构造社会成员认可的价值规范。通过塑造民主价值,建立法治权威,建构科学的权力道德评判体系,维护社会的公平正义等手段,让"无直接利益冲突"消弭在国家与社会的基层层面。     

College Students Define Binge Drinking and Estimate Its Prevalence: Results of a National Survey

Abstract

Data from the 1999 College Alcohol Study were used to examine how students define the term binge drinking, to determine how much binge drinking the students think exists on their campuses, and to analyze how students' estimates compare with aggregated self-reports of student drinking. The findings indicate that the median of the students' definitions of binge drinking is 6 drinks in a row for men and 5 for women, 1 drink higher than the definition used by researchers. Students' definitions of binge drinking vary with their own drinking levels, suggesting that dissenting views of the research definition may represent voices of the heaviest drinkers. At the median, students estimated that 35% of all students were binge drinkers. Half (47%) of the students underestimated the binge drinking rate at their school, 29% over-estimated it, and 13% were accurate. Although programs designed to reduce the frequency or prevalence of binge drinking by emphasizing healthier norms would be most useful in addressing binge drinkers who overestimate drinking norms, this group includes only 13% of college students.     

Moving from Drugs to Sex: New Directions for Youth-Oriented Peer Counseling

Abstract

During the decade of the sixties, peer services proliferated as a response to the counterculture and the drug ethic, particularly among youth. In the seventies, drug crises have become less frequent and a consequence has been erosion of the service base of these organizations. However, problems associated with sexuality and the “Sexual Revolution” have become a strong new focus for youth-oriented peer services. Such services are now increasing in numbers and provide information, counseling, and referral for those concerned about or experiencing sex-related difficulties.     

Developing criteria for healthy organizational change

Abstract

The objective of this study was to identify criteria for healthy change in organizations and to develop practical guidelines for intended change. We aimed to explore how change processes at the shop floor level can be better informed by consultants and labour inspectors. A total of 180 interviews were conducted with managers and employees in 90 units of public and private organizations in Norway. The interviews were analysed through four steps representing an expansion of grounded theory, and converted to qualitative analysis using QSR and N6 software. We found that organizational change processes were better managed by more attention to awareness of the local norms and diversity among employees in the perception and reactions to change efforts. An inspector or consultant should be aware of these phenomena in any change effort and tell the organization how to deal with them. The other three factors identified were early role clarification, manager availability, and using constructive conflicts to deal with change. They are all important coping mechanisms at the organizational level that will bring change processes onto a more optimal track if correctly managed. A healthy process empowers individuals instead of making them insecure and defensive in times of change. This will help them restore perceived control and promote job security, which benefits both them and the organization.     

大陆台湾文学研究三十年述论

考察大陆的台湾文学研究的产生、发展的过程,大致可以每十年为期分为三个阶段,1979-1989年属起步阶段,初步完成了史料的积累、主要流脉的梳理、重要作家的初步评价、研究理念逐步突破意识形态等四个向度的拓展。1989-1999年属学术规范建立和完善阶段,涌现出了一批有鲜明的学术个性或者在一些研究领域有突出贡献的学者,在不同的领域里实现了"点"的突破,由此推动了台湾文学研究整体的发展。2001-2009年属多元开拓阶段,体现在不断发现新的"生长点"、新的问题和新的思路,把台湾文学研究不断推向新的境界。     

论行政机关自我规制规范

行政机关自我规制在风险社会来临和行政任务扩张的背景下作用凸显。实践中多种形式的自我规制规范可依据内容标准分为程序性自我规制规范和实体性自我规制规范,依据效力标准可分为完全对内发生效力的规范、间接对外发生效力的规范以及直接对外发生效力的规范。不同类型的自我规制规范,其法律属性有所区别,分属于行政法领域的硬法与软法范畴。通过区分自我规制规范的目的与效果是否仅限于行政机关内部,可以对自我规制规范的效力进行判断,从而增强自我规制规范的拘束力,充分发挥自我规制的积极作用。