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排序方式: 共有226条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
This study proposes an analytical approach combined with a behavioral experiment for a joint examination of the competitive and cooperative (i.e., coopetitive) relationship between a buyer and a supplier. Specifically, the article considers the scenario in which the buyer and the supplier invest in strategic capabilities to increase their relative bargaining power. The article examines how dynamic investments in strategic assets are influenced by the locus of bargaining power and by the underlying context (synergistic vs. adversarial) of the interfirm relationship. The dynamic evolution of bargaining power is also examined. A dynamic game model is considered to examine the evolution of investment strategies in critical resources and to investigate the issues of bargaining power in a buyer–supplier dyad. Equilibrium expressions for the investment strategies of the buyer and the supplier are presented and their implications for buyer–supplier relationships are examined. The behavioral experiment complements the analytical model and examines the correspondence between optimal behavior suggested by the analytical model and the boundedly rational behavior of decision makers in an experimental context. The results from the model and behavioral experiments suggest that the strategies are a function of the risk‐adjusted returns obtained from investments. The experiment shows that, in a synergistic relational context when the buyer maintains bargaining power, the investment shifts of the buyer and the supplier accord well with theoretical predictions. In an adversarial relational context, the results of the experimental study do not correspond well with that predicted by the theoretical model. The implications of the results are discussed and directions for future research are presented. 相似文献
52.
This paper introduces the special issue of this journal, which is devoted to parasitoid ecology. We provide a brief review
of the role that parasitoids have played in research in population, community, and behavioral ecology and speculate on their
future importance to the subject.
Received: January 11, 1999 / Accepted: January 19, 1999 相似文献
53.
Evaluation researchers have been broadening the traditional client input--"black box" treatment--client outcome paradigm that has guided many evaluations of mental health, substance abuse treatment, and other intervention programs. The points of expansion are in the areas of treatment implementation and treatment processes, as well as "extratreatment" influences on treatment selection, duration, and, especially, outcome. This review illustrates the application of environmental assessment procedures--particularly social climate measures--in four aspects of evaluation research suggested by the more comprehensive model: (a) evaluating treatment implementation; (b) exploring treatment processes; (c) identifying extratreatment influences on client posttreatment functioning; and (d) operationalizing outcome variables. Conceptual and methodological issues raised by these applications are discussed, and the benefits to be derived from an expanded model of evaluation research--especially the greater potential for program improvement--are considered. 相似文献
54.
Prof. Pekka Korhonen Ms. Sari Stenfors Prof. Jyrki Wallenius 《Zeitschrift für Betriebswirtschaft》2007,77(3):251-270
Summary The role of decision tools in managerial decisions can be crucial. Yet, there is very little research seeking to understand
and measure the influence of planning models on decision-makers’ actual behavior or performance.
We focus on investigating, in an experimental context, the influence of a decision model (time allocation model) on student
subjects’ changes of mind and behavior. Of special interest is the effect of the articulated importance of criteria on subjects’
choices. Furthermore, we have also studied how the above mentioned model influences subjects’ actual (measurable) performance.
The results are partly conflicting, though interesting: (1) the (biased) decision model did have a significant influence on
the subjects’ choices, (2) when the model provided additional freedom to improve criterion values, the subjects’ choices were
rather inconsistent with the articulated importance of criteria, (3) the interpretation is not clear, how plans influence
actual behavior, and (4) the subjects did not fully recognize the bias of the model (when present). However, our findings
very clearly demonstrate that model developers have a great responsibility. Biased models may guide managers to make dramatically
erroneous decisions in bona fide. We hope that our findings generate additional research into this important, but under-researched
topic.
相似文献
55.
56.
A growing set of policies involve transfers conditioned upon socially desired actions, such as attending school or conserving forest. However, given a desire to maximize the impact of limited funds by avoiding transfers that do not change behavior, typically some potential recipients are excluded on the basis of their characteristics, their actions or at random. This paper uses a laboratory experiment to study the behavior of individuals excluded on different bases from a new incentive that encourages real monetary donations to a public environmental conservation program. We show that the donations from the individuals who were excluded based on prior high contributions fell significantly. Yet the rationale used for exclusion mattered, in that none of the other selection criteria used as the basis for exclusion resulted in negative effects on contributions. 相似文献
57.
《Public Relations Review》2020,46(3):101922
The present study theorizes ways in which foreign publics’ different relationship building patterns are associated with the reputation of a host country and with the outcomes of those patterns, which yield positive behavioral intentions. The study first distinguished the reputational relationship group (i.e., those who lack firsthand experience with the host country) from the behavioral relationship group (i.e., those who have firsthand experience with the host country). Next, it further conceptualized and tested the structural paths that theoretically illustrate how reputation is built across these two different groups of foreign publics. Model testing results suggested that the two groups fit well with the respective models. The results imply that the puzzle of relationship’s and reputation’s causal influences on the formation of future behavior can be solved using differentiated communication strategies. An understanding of these two distinct processing models provides a new foundation for theory building in public relations and public diplomacy, as well as new ground for strategic relationship management with foreign publics. 相似文献
58.
本文首先对经典行为均衡汇率模型简要解读。指出其在估算实践中,暗含技术上的严格假定。本文给出放松假定的改进。通过人民币均衡汇率估算的经验分析,对改进工作进行检验。为人民币均衡汇率估算研究搭建一个深入分析的技术平台。经验分析的主要结论是,人民币实际汇率短期存在低估,但与长期均衡汇率比较,其实际汇率一直存在高估的情况。鉴于均衡汇率水平的决定机制复杂,人民币汇率水平升值调整必须慎之又慎。 相似文献
59.
以我国上市公司2010-2016年的面板数据为研究对象,本研究运用固定效应模型,对内外部企业社会责任差距与企业价值的关系进行探讨;同时考察两者不同生命周期阶段以及不同差距类型时两者关系特征。研究结果表明:内外部企业社会责任差距与企业价值显著负相关,成熟期企业的内外部社会责任差距与企业价值的负向关系比成长期和衰退期都要显著。研究还发现外部社会责任大于内部社会责任的企业的这种负相关关系要比内部社会责任大于外部社会责任的企业弱。本研究丰富了企业社会责任的理论研究,为企业进行企业社会责任战略投资提供一定实践启示。 相似文献
60.
Gary B. Cox 《Evaluation and program planning》1979,2(4):269-275
This paper describes a needs assessment technique which has not been considered in previous discussions. Basically the Optimal Treatment approach to needs assessment consists of comparing the most desirable set of services for a client with the services actually recommended or received. Discrepancies due to unavailable resources are noted and aggregated across clients. Systematic shortcomings may be taken to represent service needs.The advantages and disadvantages of this and other procedures are considered, especially with respect to political factors and the utility of data for planning and decision making in the local agency context. 相似文献