Albinism,spiritual and cultural practices,and implications for health,healthcare, and human rights: a scoping review

Persons with albinism – a disability found worldwide – are particularly at risk for human rights violations in Africa. The purpose of this scoping review was to establish the current state of knowledge on albinism, spiritual and cultural practices, and implications for health and health services. Electronic searches of nine databases were conducted. After screening, 40 articles were reviewed. Four themes emerged: health implications of albinism; health-related cultural and spiritual meanings attached to albinism; health-related experiences of persons with albinism; and human rights and albinism. The findings reveal that African ontologies, including witchcraft beliefs and practices, are implicated by their construction of the person with albinism as an ontologically different entity, although few studies explicated this relationship. How broader social structures influence persons with albinism disproportionately, resulting in health and social inequities, is another under-researched area. This scoping review lays the groundwork for intersectoral, interdisciplinary research.     

《易经》文学化品质的三维结构

《易经》是一部文学化的哲学著作。结构维域下其具有言、象、意等三个层面的成分构成,具有语音的韵律性音乐性、字词含义的精练性多义性、阐义释理的形象性生动性、载道寓理的蕴藉性丰富性等文学品质。对《易经》进行文学化结构成分分析,可以使人感受《易经》与后世文学的契合和交流关系,彰显其文学品质价值。可以拉近《易经》与读者之间的心理距离,使《易经》获得更多的文化观照。但目前相关方面的研究并不系统充分,对此有探讨研究的空间和必要。     

Performance management practices in lean manufacturing organizations: a systematic review of research evidence

This paper provides the first systematic look into the existing research on performance management (PM) practices employed in lean manufacturing organisations (LMOs). It adopts a systematic review method to examine the evidence generated in the period 2004 – 2015 and uses a comprehensive PM framework to synthesise the findings. The results suggest that PM practices that have the most prominent role in LMOs are those that, firstly, are located closest to front-line actions and, secondly, explicitly address operational realities. This calls into question the primacy of accounting-driven controls in LMOs, suggesting that operational controls may be more effective than top-down accounting-based PM practices. The results also confirm the bias towards operational-level issues but suggest that LMOs may integrate the operational and the strategic levels by using PM practices that drive organisational learning through employee involvement and engagement.     

National culture and organisational culture in lean organisations: a systematic review

Despite the extensive literature suggesting that culture plays a key role in lean implementations, no previous review has focused on the topic. This study is a systematic review of the literature that synthesises over two decades of publications according to the levels of national culture (NC) and organisational culture (OC) and maps which cultural dimensions foster or hinder lean implementation. In terms of NC, this study shows that Japanese cultural traits might hinder lean, such as masculinity and power distance, hence avoiding the over simplification that lean is a country-specific management approach. In terms of OC, the literature review unveils a lack of consensus and underlines two paradoxes, namely the co-existence of both process and result-focused orientations and both normative and pragmatic approaches. This review ultimately offers a relevant agenda for lean research as well as a guide for managers who face the challenge of implementing and sustaining lean in their organisations.     

“无厘头”的影片观看及审美效果的形成

对于“无厘头”影片作为一种文化现象的研究很多,但却少有涉及穿插“无厘头”桥段如何对影片造成影响以及如何形成最终审美效果等观影过程的探讨。自电影符号学之后开始出现影片细读和精神分析取向,而德勒兹哲学则试图对传统的精神分析模式进行改造,将电影的观看视为强度流的物质实践活动。基于此,“无厘头”电影的观看可以看作镜头流与观看的观众身体流的汇合。把镜头流视为叙述文本,通过内在于文本的叙述逻辑（符号意指链的断裂／重组）之间张力的解读,在大量的镜头分析中总结出影片穿插“无厘头”桥段、形成审美效果的规律,并在三阶段的区分中分析张力强度与剧情认同程度关系所造成的影片整体审美效果变动。     

The writer as the people's therapist: Der Nister's last decade, 1939–49

ABSTRACT

World War II and the Holocaust caused profound changes in the style and themes of Der Nister's writing. He reevaluated his symbolist legacy and emerged as one of the most powerful and tragic voices in Soviet Yiddish literature. His transformation from a respected but marginal literary figure into a self-styled national leader became complete with his adventurous journey to the Jewish Autonomous Region of Birobidzhan in the Soviet Far East, which he envisioned as a site of new Jewish revival. His illusions were crushed by his arrest in 1949.     

试论民粹主义在现代中国的转化和演变

民粹主义一开始进入中国现代知识分子的视野就被紧密联系在民族命运和革命前途之上。在整个现代文艺思潮中,随着"为工农兵服务"的文艺方向的确立,民粹主义作为一种文化思想、文艺思潮,它在文化思想和文学艺术领域产生了巨大影响,牵引着现代文学的走向。     

禹步史料的历史民俗文献分析

对禹步史料的分析已有多种成果,但对禹步目前尚缺乏民俗文献学方面的研究.实际上,对禹步史料进行历史文献学与民俗学综合研究,可以有一些新的见解,包括禹步与大禹历史人物史料的关系、与数术民俗文献的关系以及与先秦社会史的关系等.     

西南民族大学金·史密斯藏学文献馆的建馆历程

著名藏学家金·史密斯先生用一生的时间从事藏文文献的保护工作,在藏文文献的收集、整理、研究、利用等领域做出了巨大的贡献,为后人留下了大量的藏文文献。他在美国纽约建立了藏传佛教文献资料中心（简称：TBRC）,大量的藏文文献在国内、外藏学界利用起来。同时他也是把藏文文献的原件从国外捐赠给中国的第一位外国藏学家,2012年12月,历时5年的藏文纸质文献的捐赠工作顺利完成。本论文对金·史密斯先生建立TBRC的具体情况,捐赠纸质文献给西南民族大学的事件,西南民族大学金·史密斯藏学文献馆建馆历程等内容进行梳理,以此来缅怀为藏文文献的保护工作付出一生的美国藏学家。     

论刘勰的比兴观

刘勰的《文心雕龙》对后世文学发展产生了深远影响。共中,《比兴》篇从文学创作的角度,重新为比兴下了定义,划分了比兴的种类并论述了其特征;从创作论的角度认定了比兴发生的时代变化。他的文学观,贵在反对当时文坛上的浮靡文风,其比兴说与前人相比有了质的超越,暗含了时代文化进步的核心意义。