Reputational Bargaining With Minimal Knowledge of Rationality

Two players announce bargaining postures to which they may become committed and then bargain over the division of a surplus. The share of the surplus that a player can guarantee herself under first‐order knowledge of rationality is determined (as a function of her probability of becoming committed), as is the bargaining posture that she must announce in order to guarantee herself this much. This “maxmin” share of the surplus is large relative to the probability of becoming committed (e.g., it equals 30% if the commitment probability is 1 in 10 and equals 13% if the commitment probability is 1 in 1000), and the corresponding bargaining posture simply demands this share plus compensation for any delay in reaching agreement.     

法学视角下集体行动的概念与性质辨析

由于"群体性事件"概念不能蕴含现实中存在的群体性冲突的维权属性,具有内在缺陷。以"集体行动"概念指称这类群体性冲突,可以涵盖它的维权特性,弥补上述不足。从法学视角来看,集体行动是公民行使联合行动权利,维护自身生存权利、经济权利和民主权利的法律行为,它是公民宪法权利行使和人自我发展价值追求的体现,具有宪法上的渊源和伦理正当性。     

朱子《中庸辑略》芟节石《中庸集解》原本条目考

<中庸辑略>系朱子删定石(敦山)<中庸集解>而成,原本辑录的十先生<中庸>说被芟节多达134条,比例几近30%.经此"再造"的版本异同,固已不同于一般而论的版本文字差异,而宜视作删订者的主观故意行为.本文采用文献考证、数量统计等方法,结合整体考察和个案分析,揭示朱子芟节的"义例"及其潜在的诠释意图,并将此置于朱子学术思想的发展环节来试作讨论.     

Improving the measurement of child welfare in the context of intra-household inequality

This study aims to illustrate how to improve the evaluation of child economic well-being and child poverty using the collective approach. International organisations such as the World Bank, OECD and UNICEF have made important efforts in recent years to produce reliable data and to measure poverty according to the most relevant items of household consumption baskets. However, when measuring poverty, it is common practice to assume either that resources are distributed equally within the household or that there are fixed equivalence scales (for example, a child can be counted as 0.5 adults). The methodology based on collective models of consumption overcomes this rigidity by allowing inequality within each household to be taken into account. The method assumes that each household devotes a fraction of resources to children, which can be estimated using the observed expenditure on child-exclusive goods. An example of how child poverty measures can be inaccurately estimated is illustrated through the case of young children in Albania.     

农村集体资产管理若干问题研究

以农村集体资产的相关法律问题为研究视角,围绕农村集体资产的管理主体、成员资格、收益分配、财产处置、管理体制等问题开展研究,并提出有关建议和对策,以资引起有关方面对农村集体资产管理问题的重视。     

云南省南华县彝族松茸山林权安排和 利益分配机制

采用参与式乡村评估的方法,通过对云南省南华县4个自然彝族村寨的案例调查,展示了在传统和现代交织中彝族村民自发的松茸山确权过程,分析了乡土利益分配机制的合理性,得出"权不是赋的,而是争的".认为在集体林权改革过程中,需要注意集体林权改革的复杂性和森林的多功能性,理解林权以当地人可触及的方式存在于人们生活中,需要赋予当地社区群众争取权利的空间和制度平台.     

EXTERNAL AIDS FOR SOCIAL MEMORY

Collective or social memories are not just a way for accumulating and preserving but also for sharing and developing knowledge. Indeed, as knowledge is made explicit and elaborated by a community, it enriches the local culture and the current practices, becoming a basis for communication and learning. This paper addresses the concept of 'social memory' in a specific 'community of practice': teachers and students of primary schools. The work is developed within HIPS1 (Hyper Interaction within Physical Space), a three-year (1997-2000) research project funded by the European Commission within the I 3 (I-Cube) Programme. HIPS is a hand-held location-aware tourist guide that delivers information related to the surrounding space mainly reacting to the physical movements of visitors (Benelli et al . 1999). The guide is designed to minimize the boundary between the physical space and the related information through a number of situated and contextual-aware interaction mechanisms. In the paper we present a specific application of HIPS as tool to support the creation of a social memory. First, we illustrate the theoretical framework, the cultural psychology (Vygotsky 1978), which we adopted to design the tool as an external aid for social memory. Afterwards we describe the user study and the design process that resulted in the development of an early prototype. The conclusions are a reflection about the use of new technology to open new learning opportunities for students.     

治理集体产权:农村社区建设中的政府与农民

采用案例法、访谈法,以威海高区田和街道为例对集体产权改革下社区治理中公民参与转型进行研究。研究发现,由于集体产权的改革,重构了农民与集体、政府之间的权利关系,乡村社区组织和权力结构得以重塑,公民参与空间得以拓展,公民多元利益需求被激发,资源配置效率得到提高,促使威海高区田和街道公民参与由动员式、执行式、形式化、非常规化的利益驱动型参与转向了多样化、深层化、功效强的多维组织型参与,公民参与实现质的飞跃。但针对研究过程中所发现的缺乏公民对于权力的持续监督机制、成本与效率、公民参与的制度法律保障不完善等问题,提出需要进一步加强机制建设及后续监督工作,合理平衡参与成本与产出效率,完善相关制度法律建设。

     

地方性知识与现代专业知识的结合——一个傣族村寨防控新冠肺炎疫情的经验

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间,基于一个西双版纳傣族村寨的田野考察,收集西双版纳各级政府、防疫部门及普通民众应对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情威胁所采取的策略和措施,从中观察傣族民众对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的相关认知、行为和心理反应,揭示在此次抗击疫情的实践中,从疫情危机中孕育焕发的集体生存意识以及地方性知识与现代流行病防控专业知识相结合所发挥的重要作用。同时,从人类学视角对边疆民族地区应对这一重大疫情危机的过程进行考察,从而提供有价值的民族志文本。     

Combinatorial versus decision-theoretic components of impossibility theorems

We separate the purely combinatorial component of Arrow's Impossibility Theorem in the theory of collective preference from its decision-theoretic part, and likewise for the closely related result of Blair/Bordes/Kelly/Suzumura. Such a separation provides a particularly elegant proof of the former, via a new splitting theorem.