The Difference Ethnography Can Make: Understanding Social Mobilization and Development in the Brazilian Northeast

Ethnographic research is invaluable for social movement research. Ethnographies of everyday participation in mobilization help to counter the popular image of social movements as coherent, well-bounded entities consisting of individuals committed to the goals of the collective. In this study of the Movimento Sem Terra (the Landless Movement, or the MST) in northeastern Brazil, I establish a more complete continuum of movement membership by analyzing two interviews (one conducted in 1999, the other in 2003) with a former plantation worker named Cicero who considered himself a member of the MST in 1999 but “didn't even know what to say about the movement” three years later. Cicero's interviews are noteworthy because he is not the sort of person typically featured in studies of social mobilization: he did not join the MST because of a passionate commitment (more because the movement showed up and he couldn't see a reason not to), and he was never convinced of the MST's primary ideals or methods. Cicero's interviews provide what Lila Abu-Lughod calls a “counter-discourse,” in which people make decisions that are contradictory, and incomplete, often made without explicit articulation or even understanding. Ultimately, I argue that incorporating this broader continuum will help us better explain movement personalities and trajectories.

化神奇为平易 ——张尧庭统计教育思想研究

 本文认为张尧庭先生统计教育思想的突出之点，是充分利用人们的常识（或从简单的事实出发）进行推理，而且常常能够达到很抽象的高度；反过来，这又能诱导学生进行更深入的学习与探索，因而极具推广的价值。     

科学发展观与构建和谐社会

从科学发展观的角度看，共同富裕作为最能体现社会主义优越性及其本质的世纪性的中心课题，与改革开放进入关键时期而提出的积极构建和谐社会的世纪性的深刻反思，二者的目标是一致的，是当下必须认真研究和着力解决的重大问题。其中解决好多方面利益矛盾是促进社会和谐与走向共同富裕的关键。     

The governance of free/open source software projects: monolithic, multidimensional, or configurational?

This paper presents the results of a qualitative review and synthesis of the literature on open source governance, addressing four key questions: (1) How has open source software (OSS) governance been defined? (2) Has the phenomenon of OSS governance been conceptualized as a monolithic or multidimensional phenomenon? (3) What purposes is OSS governance hypothesized to serve? and (4) What are the dimensions of OSS governance, and how are these dimensions related to each other? The results of the review suggest a framework for future comparative and case study research on OSS governance, and they provide a basis for comparison with research on the governance of other distributed, community-based forms of content and creation.     

精准扶贫视角下西藏普及国家通用语言文字存在的问题及对策研究

2018年以来,随着《推普脱贫攻坚行动计划(2018—2020)》的发布,“语言扶贫”逐渐被学界关注,“扶贫先扶智,扶智先通语”成为共识。通过“语言扶贫”,可以最大限度地让普通话与规范汉字在精准扶贫工作中发挥“语言红利”。因此,应该提升农村与少数民族地区普通话普及率,规范汉字使用水平。依据语言调查结果,结合个案研究数据,对西藏国家通用语言文字的使用现状、存在问题进行了描述与分析。从西藏的特殊区情与语言使用情况出发,提出了在西藏普及国家通用语言文字策略,为西藏地区普及国家通用语言文字、提升文化教育素质、推进现实经济发展与文化脱贫提供了有效的建议。     

男性弱质与父权秩序的倾覆──《醒世姻缘传》的女权主义批评

在《醒世姻缘传》中,女性人本意识的觉醒和为争取权力、自由而对男性施以几近变态的报复是导致父权秩序倾覆的主要原因,而男性文人自身的弱质同样是造成这种结果的另外一个不容忽视的重要原因。在新的大时代面前,他们未能积极地调整好自己。人格卑劣,生活能力低下,再加上好色轻薄等种种恶习,最终使自己失去了父权优势,引发了阴阳倒置及传统文明的裂变。     

What’s the Relationship Got to do with It? Understanding the Therapeutic Relationship in Therapeutic Foster Care

The therapeutic relationship is increasingly recognized as important to understanding how process variables contribute to treatment outcomes. In this paper, we examine the therapeutic relationship between children with serious emotional and behavioral disorders and their treatment providers in the context of an observational study of Therapeutic Foster Care (TFC). Our findings suggest that the quality of the relationship between the treatment parent and youth in a TFC setting is significantly associated with better emotional and behavioral functioning for the youth. It appears from these findings that the quality of the relationship between the youth and treatment parent in a TFC setting is at least one of the mechanism or process factors that contribute to improved functioning for the youth.     

农村选举中的资源竞争与制度供给

当前一些地区的村委会选举中发生各种违规行为,甚至出现严重的暴力冲突事件。要分析其中的关键因素,可以从建立理论框架着手,依据共有资源竞争与制度供给相关理论,结合我国农村地区在取消农业税之后的治理结构现状,对村集体资源的竞争在何种情况下可能出现"失序",并进而导致暴力和冲突的发生进行分析。集体资源的收益大小会显著影响选举冲突的发生及其激烈程度;但其背后的关键作用机制,则是制度供给不足导致的基层治理能力弱化。要改变这种状况,除了需要鼓励乡镇一级基层政府更多地承担监管责任外,也应加强村庄内部的决策参与机制建设。     

Classification into two normal populations with a common mean and unequal variances

The problem of classification into two univariate normal populations with a common mean is considered. Several classification rules are proposed based on efficient estimators of the common mean. Detailed numerical comparisons of probabilities of misclassifications using these rules have been carried out. It is shown that the classification rule based on the Graybill-Deal estimator of the common mean performs the best. Classification rules are also proposed for the case when variances are assumed to be ordered. Comparison of these rules with the rule based on the Graybill-Deal estimator has been done with respect to individual probabilities of misclassification.     

论新公共管理在我国的适用

20世纪70年代末80年代初首先启端于英美国家的新公共管理已经成为概括西方公共管理最新发展趋势的一个学术概念,并且在理论上和实践上得到了迅速发展。但是,新公共管理理论或者称之为新公共管理改革基本上都发生在英、美、澳、新西兰等盎格鲁—撒克逊体系的国家。本文试图从法学的角度找出其原因。英美法系和大陆法系之划分是法学中公认的法律分类法;而新公共管理中的核心思想是利用私法契约来提供公共服务。本文通过对两大法系和契约制度的分析,认为作为大陆法系的我国基于政治法律传统应该选择法治国家模式进行政府管理改革。