生态哲学--产品生态设计的哲学基础和理论指导

生态哲学研究人与自然相互作用的基本问题.生态哲学为人与自然、人与社会的综合优化发展提供了一般的方法论,也为工业设计的实践与发展提供了思路和原则.产品生态设计是生态学与工业设计相结合的产物,而马克思主义的生态哲学思想则为此提供了重要的理论指导.     

A Sensitivity Analysis Approach for Some Deterministic Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods*

Often, data in multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problems are imprecise and changeable. Therefore, an important step in many applications of MCDM is to perform a sensitivity analysis on the input data. This paper presents a methodology for performing a sensitivity analysis on the weights on the decision criteria and the performance values of the alternatives expressed in terms of the decision criteria. The proposed methodology is demonstrated on three widely used decision methods. These methods are the weighted sum model (WSM), the weighted product model (WPM), and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). This paper formalizes a number of important issues on sensitivity analysis and derives some critical theoretical results. Also, a number of illustrative examples and computational experiments further illustrate the application of the proposed methodology.     

Recurrence relations for moments of progressively censored order statistics from logistic distribution with applications to inference

In this paper, we establish several recurrence relations for the single and product moments of progressively Type-II right censored order statistics from a logistic distribution. The use of these relations in a systematic manner allows us to compute all the means, variances and covariances of progressively Type-II right censored order statistics from the logistic distribution for all sample sizes n, effective sample sizes m, and all progressive censoring schemes (R₁,…,R_m). The results established here generalize the corresponding results for the usual order statistics due to [Shah, 1966] and [Shah, 1970]. These moments are then utilized to derive best linear unbiased estimators of the location and scale parameters of the logistic distribution. A comparison of these estimators with the maximum likelihood estimations is then made. The best linear unbiased predictors of censored failure times are briefly discussed. Finally, an illustrative example is presented.     

A Framework for Examining the Interface between Operations and Information Systems: Implications for Research in the New Millennium*

Even though much research has been published in operations and information systems, both functional areas find their roots in other disciplines. While operations management evolved from operations research in the 1960s, the field of information systems is of more recent vintage and traces its original roots to computer science. Both disciplines now naturally have come closer together as information and process-technology-based changes force manufacturing firms to become more efficient and customer focused. Market and technology-driven e-commerce initiatives that are likely to dominate business strategies in the future cannot be successfully achieved without a successful integration of operations and information systems. In this paper, we present a unifying framework that can be used to better understand the management of the functional interface between operations and information systems. We also categorize and highlight the contributions of the articles that appear in this special research focus issue. Finally, research directions that emerge from our understanding of this interface are outlined in an effort to stimulate further thinking and research that can advance our knowledge of this interface area.     

消费者偏好与真实生活成本

本文在消费者偏好结构可变的假设下,探讨了1998-2012年我国消费者真实生活成本。研究表明忽视消费者偏好结构的变化通常会高估消费者真实生活成本水平和增长幅度,而这种替代偏误的程度取决于基期的选择。基于这种研究发现,政府有关部门在使用消费者物价指数制定相关政策（尤其是福利政策）时,本文研究的非参数型真实生活成本指数 可能比一般的拉氏物价指数更为合适。因此,建议统计部门在使用拉氏价格指数统计消费者物价水平的同时,应该定期编制和公布 指数。     

Manufacturing network configuration in supply chains with product recovery

Efficient implementation of product recovery requires appropriate network structures. In this paper, we study the network design problem of a firm that manufactures new products and remanufactures returned products in its facilities. We examine the capacity decisions and expected performance of two alternative manufacturing network configurations when demand and return flows are both uncertain.     

Assessment of supplier performance based on product-development strategy by applying multi-granularity linguistic term sets

Measuring supplier performance possesses the properties of multi-dimension and multi-scale, it increases the complexity of the aggregation and assessment process. A focal company must develop an effective procedure for overcoming the complexity of performance measurement. Furthermore, the assessment of supplier performance must conform to the product-developed strategy of the focal company. This study is a further research deeper into the concept already introduced in Chang et al. [1] [Applying fuzzy linguistic quantifier to select supply chain partners at different phases of product life cycle. International Journal of Production Economics 2006; 100(2):348–59]; using multi-granularity linguistic variable and numerical ration scale to represent the overall supply performance. By unifying the derived information, the measurement complexity could be resolved. The fuzzy preference was constructed to adjust the consistent direction and transform information into fuzzy relationship. Finally, fuzzy linguistic quantifier guided ordered weighted aggregation (FLQG-OWA) operator with maximal entropy was computed and aggregated with all indicators to meet the current policy of the focal company.     

新生代农民工消费行为实证研究——以南通市为例

基于对南通市所辖崇川、港闸区及经济技术开发区进行的414份问卷调查,借鉴以往对老一代农民工消费行为的研究成果,从定量角度分析了新生代农民工消费行为的基本情况、特点及影响因素。研究表明:与老一代相比,新生代农民工消费理念中传统与时尚元素并存,用于自我能力提升和人际网络构建的消费比重攀升,消费方式呈多元化并出现群体分化。群体性因素、婚姻及人生规划对新生代农民工消费行为有着重要影响。     

美国食品安全的监管变革及其对我国的启示

美国《FDA食品安全现代法》的出台,标志着美国对原有食品安全监管体系进行了彻底变革,其力度之大、范围之广以及程度之深,不仅在联邦食品药品管理局成立的70余年历史上是前所未有的,而且在全世界范围内也堪称一部模范性法律,一定程度上代表了今后食品安全监管改革的方向.由于采取了相似的管理体制,并且同样面临着食品来源多样以及监管资源不足等挑战,中、美两国在食品安全监管领域面临的很多问题都是共通的,因此,美国的变革举措尤其是强调预防控制的新思路理应为中国所借鉴.     

基于WSR方法论的商业银行产品创新模型

产品创新是商业银行金融创新的核心内容,也是提升自身核心竞争力的主要途径。本文基于物理-事理-人理系统方法论(WSR方法论)构建了商业银行产品创新的WSR三维分析模型,在此基础上,重点研究了物理、事理、人理三者有机协调的商业银行产品创新的一般过程模型,并以Z银行小企业金融产品创新为例加以说明,以期为商业银行产品创新提供系统分析框架和决策参考。