Recursive Behavior of Safety Stock Reduction: The Effect of Lead‐Time Uncertainty

Motivated by a recent paper on the effect of lead‐time variability reduction on safety stocks, we provide evidence of the recursive nature of safety stock changes. When lead times follow a gamma distribution we demonstrate that, for cycle service levels between .60 and .70, the reduction of lead‐time variability will first increase safety stock and then either recursively decrease safety stock or make it remain constant. We also numerically show the existence of the recursive effect. A two‐by‐two matrix is introduced to assist managers in making decisions regarding safety stock policy.     

Bringing IT Back: An Analysis of the Decision to Backsource or Switch Vendors

Whereas the decision to outsource information systems (IS) has been an important focus in IS research and practice, the decision to switch vendors or to backsource has received little attention. Evidence suggests that in practice, however, the decision to backsource or to switch vendors is becoming increasingly common as firms vie for ways to continue to cut information technology (IT) costs and improve IT service levels. This research specifically examines the factors associated with the decision to backsource or to switch vendors. Based on a sample of 160 IT managers involved with application development, we compare and contrast the perceptions of those who switched vendors, backsourced, or continued in an outsourcing relationship for application development. Our findings suggest that product quality, service quality, relationship quality, and switching costs are related to the decision to backsource application outsourcing. However, service and product quality did not influence the decision to switch vendors. Rather, firms that made the decision to switch vendors reported high levels of service and product quality but low levels of relationship quality and switching costs.     

消费者食品安全态度和消费行为变化——苏州市消费者对三鹿奶粉事件反应的问卷调查

通过问卷调查的形式,考察了消费者对2008年三鹿奶粉事件的反应。配对样本t检验结果表明：在三鹿奶粉事件发生一个月后,消费者对国内食品安全问题的担心程度显著高于事件发生前的担心程度;国产奶粉消费水平相比于事件发生前下降了近一半。同时二元选择模型的估计结果表明,不同特征的人群对事件的反应无显著差别;然而城镇消费者相对于农村消费者而言对事件的反应更强烈;对政府颁布的三聚氰胺临时限量标准和奶粉检测报告的信任程度、对偶而进食三聚氰胺奶粉所造成身体危害的担心程度是影响消费者事件发生后奶粉消费决策的重要变量。     

完善我国缺陷产品召回制度的思考

近年来,因产品缺陷引起消费者人身、财产的严重损害所导致的纠纷不断增多,引起国家有关部门和社会各界的广泛关注。缺陷产品召回制度,在西方发达国家由来已久,并发展为一项相对完善且日趋成熟的制度,随着我国经济的发展,不断完善缺陷产品召回制度是一个必然的趋势。     

代建管理项目治理结构问题研究

代建管理模式作为一种新型的政府工程管理方式,在实践中应该建立权责明确、激励约束并存的建设项目层级治理结构。代建管理模式可以分为咨询代建、管理代建、承包代建三种治理模式,要真正的实现政府职能的委托代建,应该采取“管理代建”模式,让咨询公司直接接受政府委托,取代建设单位职能,使政府直接面对建设实施单位和风险承担单位。‘     

Internal and External Integration for Product Development: The Contingency Effects of Uncertainty,Equivocality, and Platform Strategy

Effective product development requires firms to unify internal and external participants. As companies attempt to create this integrated environment, two important questions emerge. Does a high level of internal integration lead to a higher level of external integration? In the context of product development, this study considers whether internal integration in the form of concurrent engineering practices affects the level of external integration as manifested by customer integration, supplier product integration, and supplier process integration. External integration, in turn, may influence competitive capabilities, namely product innovation performance and quality performance. Second, using contingency theory, do certain contextual variables moderate the linkages between integration strategy (external and internal) and performance? Specifically, this study considers whether uncertainty, equivocality, and platform development strategy change the relationships among internal integration, external integration, and competitive capabilities. Data collected from 244 manufacturing firms across several industries were used to test these research questions. The results indicate that both internal and external integration positively influence product innovation and quality and ultimately, profitability. With respect to contingency effects, the results indicate that equivocality moderates the relationships between integration and performance.     

字在退货的易逝品库存系统仿真研究

以存在退货的易逝品的库存系统为对象,加入产品易逝性特征,且系统运行过程中允许缺货现象的发生,从而建立了一个离散事件系统仿真模型,采用内德一米德方法得出了系统的最优订货点。通过利用仿真技术,采用matlab软件,对一给定参数设置下的实例进行了仿真及讨论。仿真实验表明存在退货的易逝品的库存控制系统能更有效地降低库存成本。且当相关参数发生改变时,系统最佳订至点水平也是有所变化的。     

产品结构与组织结构动态适应性的实证研究

技术与组织的相互作用是产品创新研究的核心问题.文章以产品结构动态演变为出发点,对产品结构与组织结构的动态适应性进行实证研究.在对产品结构与组织结构的静态适应往往陷入组织陷阱进行理论分析的基础上,利用结构方程模型对产品结构与组织结构的相互关系进行探索性分析和正式研究的数据分析.结果表明:产品结构与组织结构具有较高的双向正相关性;产品结构与组织结构的相互适应对企业绩效具有正向影响.组织需要构筑动态组织能力,能动地适应产品结构演变.     

内蒙古城乡居民生活水平定量研究

本研究旨在得出指导内蒙古各盟、市消费支出的有效途径,应用恩格尔系数及其评价标准,通过内蒙古12个地区农村及城镇居民时间序列数据,分析了食品支出在居民支出的比例,得出了这12个盟(市)的食品支出结构排序,在此基础上分析了影响内蒙古自治区居民恩格尔系数的因素,提出促进内蒙古各盟、市居民食品支出的健康发展途径.     

绿色营销发展现状及国内绿色营销的发展途径

随着全球环保运动的发展 ,绿色营销在国外逐渐推广。本文提出了绿色营销的四力模型 ,从消费者、企业、政府、环保非政府组织四个方面比较了国内外绿色营销的状况 ,分析了国内绿色营销的问题 ,并提出了促进国内绿色营销的途径。本文认为国外绿色营销的主要力量是消费者的拉动力 ,而国内绿色营销应该以部分“深绿色”企业为主要推动力