11~14岁农村留守儿童性问题研究——基于对阜宁县芦蒲镇留守儿童的调查

通过对盐城阜宁县芦蒲镇1 157名11~14岁留守儿童的问卷调查和深入访谈发现,该地留守儿童的性问题绝大多数属于边缘性性行为,其中"说下流话"现象较为突出,有此体验的学生达半数左右;有45例自诉曾遭受来自异性侵害,而对这类严重犯罪行为,学校及地方政府尚未予以关注。农村学校应该杜绝说下流话现象,普及青春期性健康知识,增强留守儿童自我保护意识,政府应严厉打击针对留守儿童的犯罪行为,保护农村留守儿童不受性侵。     

网络时代下的“90后”大学生心理特征及教育创新

从90后大学生的网络行为与心理特征调查入手,通过实证统计和定性访谈,分析归纳了90 后大学生典型的网络行为及心理特征。研究结果发现,网络生活化、便利性、休闲娱乐化和互动平等性等都对90后大学生产生了重要影响,在网络环境中成长起来的90后大学生心理特点的主流是积极向上的。最后从积极心理学的视角出发,提出促进90后大学生心理和人格发展的积极心理健康教育的创新路径。     

历史比较语言学新语法学派批判

在历史比较语言学的发展中,新语法学派的崛起具有划时代的重要意义,因而从理论建树的科学主义、材料分析的细节主义和语言本体的个人心理主义三方面探究新语法学派的理论方法就更显得有意义.     

西方心理学研究中的多元文化论思潮探略

在探讨多元文化论思潮成因、发展的基础上,梳理了其基本思想,并对它作了简要的评价,认为它的发展是心理学研究中文化转向的深入,在促进多种研究方法的整合的同时,它的发展也面临重重阻碍.     

论“民族理论与民族政策”课教学中的中华民族认同教育

中华民族认同是中国各民族人民对中华民族统一体的归属、向心心理,是更高层次的民族心理认同。中华民族认同教育是贯穿民族理论与民族政策课程始终的一条红线,是其实效性的主要表现之一。它有利于增强大学生群体对中华民族统一体的归属感和向心力;有利于大学生群体抵御民族分裂主义思想侵蚀,自觉维护国家统一、民族团结;有利于大学生群体正确认识民族与国家、民族与民族的关系。     

个体优势研究述评与未来展望

发挥人的优势而不只是弥补人的缺点成为当代组织与管理研究的焦点之一,具体体现在积极心理学、积极组织行为学及积极组织学术的形成与发展之中。个体优势是指那些能让人感到充实与力量的品格特征或才干,也是能带来高绩效的个人惯有思维、感觉与行为模式。个体优势主要包括品格优势与才干优势两类,对应的测量工具为优势识别器与优势价值行动问卷。微观层面的研究表明,个体优势能对员工主观幸福感、职业呼唤、个人绩效及组织绩效产生积极影响;而在宏观层面上,个体优势与相关理论、实践的融合可以或已经产生了新的学科、领域及研究主题——优势心理学、积极组织行为学、积极管理范式、基于个体优势的工作重塑等。未来应关注优势理论与其他学科的进一步整合、优势干预、影响机制及中国情境下的实践研究。     

Children and Violence: Nurturing Social-Emotional Development to Promote Mental Health

The absence of violence against children is a fundamental children's right and a major milestone of civilized society. Similarly, reports on incidences of violence by children and youth, including severe cases with devastating consequences, speak to the need that the trauma of exposure to violence in childhood needs to be addressed. While violence and its risk factors are generally understood, what is less clear are the essential protective factors, how we can identify those as early as possible, and how we can use them to prevent and address the trauma of violence exposure in children and youth. In this report, I review pathways of child and youth violence through the lens of social-emotional development as a central protective factor. Negative emotions of frustration and anger can underlie violence and aggression. Kind emotions, such as caring and our ability to connect with others emotionally, can serve as social-emotional protective factors. A brief review of the central social-emotional processes and their development is provided, including the human capacity to feel with others and express empathy, be emotionally aware and care about the effects of one's own actions on others, and be able to regulate the self and their emotions. Given the negative widespread and long-term impact of exposure to violence, I describe research-informed attempts to prevent violence exposure across development. Taking a humanistic, strength-based perspective, the focus is on social-emotional protective factors to address violence and nurture mental health in every child. I conclude with recommendations for practice and policy.     

Theories as modern myths: Giving up the pursuit of good theory to focus on good theorizing

Mills discusses the notion of myth and links it to a discussion of theory. While he does not consider myth and theory to be synonymous, I attempt to close the gap between these two notions even further. This argument is accomplished by discussing theorists that have theorized about theory and aligning their claims with Mills’ claims about myth. I propose that Mills cannot rely on coherence to substantiate good myth/theory and, instead, suggest the consideration of what constitutes good quality theorizing. Good theorizing involves deep understanding of different theories/myths and comparing them to generate innovation.     

Psychometric validation of the PERMA-profiler as a well-being measure for student veterans

Abstract

Objective: The current study aims to validate the PERMA-Profiler, a well-known well-being measure, among a sample of student veterans. Participants: A sample of 205 student veterans were recruited from universities across the United States. Method: Cross-sectional research design was used in this study. Measurement structure of the PERMA-Profiler was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Convergent, divergent, and criterion-related validity was tested using Pearson correlation coefficients and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The EFA results yielded a two-factor solution for student veterans. Factors are named as emotional character strengths and performance character strengths. Conclusions: The PERMA-Profiler is a multidimensional scale with good reliability and acceptable levels of convergent, divergent, and criterion-related validity. The PERMA-Profiler can help researchers and practitioners better gauge well-being in student veterans. Implications will be discussed.     

Surgical Identity Play: The Anatomy Lab Revisited

The anatomy lab has been studied by sociologists interested in professional socialization since the 1950s. This is because the act of dissecting a cadaver is thought to be foundational for both the student's medical knowledge and the development of the student's professional identity. In this paper, I revisit the anatomy lab both historically and ethnographically. Drawing on theoretical insights from the laboratory ethnography tradition within science and technology studies, I show that students use material artifacts in the lab to support their “surgical identity play.” This activity is structured by the laboratory's performative architecture even while it is unsupervised by anatomy faculty. While many analyses of professional socialization focus on how students learn to interact with patients during their training, I show that the anatomy lab experience is an important form of professional socialization because here students learn to employ surgical instruments, language, and dress, and begin to relate to each other as colleagues.