FAIR PRICING

This paper explores the consequences of supposing that consumers see a firm as fair if they cannot reject the hypothesis that the firm is somewhat benevolent towards them. When consumers can reject this hypothesis, some become angry, which is costly to the firm. The desire to appear benevolent can lead firms to adopt third‐degree price discrimination based on the income of different consumer classes while foreswearing third‐degree price discrimination based on differences in the elasticity of demand. It can also explain why prices seem to be more responsive to changes in factor costs than to changes in demand that have the same effect on marginal cost. Lastly, if consumers experience regret or disappointment when faced by increased prices, the model can explain why prices can be more rigid in response to disasters that increase demand dramatically than they are when there is a less substantial increase in demand.     

Why Competition from a Multi‐Channel E‐Tailer Does Not Always Benefit Consumers*

Empirical studies have delivered mixed conclusions on whether the widely acclaimed assertions of lower electronic retail (e‐tail) prices are true and to what extent these prices impact conventional retail prices, profits, and consumer welfare. For goods that require little in‐person pre‐ or postsales support such as CDs, DVDs, and books, we extend Balasubramanian's e‐tailer‐in‐the‐center, spatial, circular market model to examine the impact of a multichannel e‐tailer's presence on retailers' decisions to relocate, on retail prices and profits, and consumer welfare. We demonstrate several counter‐intuitive results. For example, when the disutility of buying online and shipping costs are relatively low, retailers are better off by not relocating in response to an e‐tailer's entry into the retail channel. In addition, such an entry—a multichannel strategy—may lead to increased retail prices and increased profits across the industry. Finally, consumers can be better off with less channel competition. The underlying message is that inferences regarding prices, profits, and consumer welfare critically depend on specifications of the good, disutility and shipping costs versus transportation costs (or more generally, positioning), and competition.     

Market Orientation,Ownership Type,and E‐Business Assimilation: Evidence from Chinese Firms

While more and more firms have implemented e‐business in business operations, a better understanding of the factors that successfully drive the assimilation of e‐business will provide insights for firm executives and practitioners to develop effective strategies for e‐business. Different from previous studies that focus on individual‐level factors related to business executives and top management teams, this study examines how firm‐level strategic and cultural factors shape e‐business assimilation. Based on the strategy and marketing literature on market orientation and firm ownership, we developed a research model to describe how a firm's market orientation impacts e‐business assimilation. The model also describes the moderating effect of firm ownership type on the relationship between market orientation and e‐business assimilation. Based on data from 301 Chinese international trade firms, we found that two dimensions of market orientation (i.e., customer orientation, competitor orientation) had significant effects on e‐business assimilation. However, the third dimension, interfunctional coordination, was only partially significant. In addition, ownership type was a significant moderator of the effects of customer orientation and competitor orientation on e‐business assimilation, although ownership type was not a moderator of interfunctional coordination. Being one of the first studies of the impact of market orientation and firm ownership type on e‐business assimilation, we conclude with a discussion of the implications for future research and practice.     

基于有限元方法的抽油杆管磨损量预测

针对在斜直井、定向井、水平井等井中采取有杆泵采油作业时,由于抽油杆屈曲以及井眼弯曲导致抽油杆严重偏磨的问题,建立了抽油杆动态行为有限元分析方法。利用能量法原理,将抽油杆发生偏磨时产生的摩擦功与金属磨损消耗的能量联系起来,确定了有杆抽油系统杆管偏磨磨损量预测模型,利用有限元分析得到的接触力可以定量分析杆管柱的磨损量。结果表明,有限元方法模拟效果较好,可用于预测井下杆管偏磨情况,对油田采取合理的防偏磨措施具有重要的指导意义。     

基于3C战略的央视纪录频道品牌定位分析

品牌定位对于一个电视频道的生存与发展来说至关重要,依据3C战略理论,确立精准的品牌定位,需要从受众需求、竞争对手和自身优势三个方面进行分析。满足受众需求是品牌生存的基础,实施差异化策略来区分竞争对手是品牌固有的特色,不断夯实自身优势是品牌发展的动力。只有三个关键因素整合在一起,才能使品牌屹立不倒。     

领异标新二月花——《老残游记》创新精神探略

晚清士林之翘楚刘鹗承传中华民族勇于创新的精神,在四大谴责小说之一的《老残游记》中,作者以高度自觉的创新意识与难能可贵的创新精神,在首揭"清官"之恶的主题展示与叙事模式、心理摹写及状物拟人等艺术表现方面都给人以"陌生化"的全新审美感受,其成就与贡献都是空前的。就此展开全面而深入的研究,这对于继承优良传统、提升自身价值、促进社会发展,都将具有重要的启迪作用与现实意义。     

翻译模因论在外宣材料汉译英中的应用

外宣翻译的目的是通过外国受众喜闻乐见的方式,准确地传达对外宣传的信息。文章运用翻译模因论,分析外宣翻译的特点及其期待规范,重点深讨翻译模因论关照下的外宣材料翻译策略模因,旨在强化对外经济文化交流的效果。     

河北省高校体育课程设置建设

随着我国教育改革的深入,高校公共体育课程改革也不断取得进展,但问题和困惑也同时存在,从课程目标、课程理念、课程结构设置及衔接等问题具体论述,以期为高校体育课程的健康发展提供可参考依据。     

Al3+,Cr3+及Cd2+对日本三角涡虫摄食和运动行为的影响

以涡虫完全解体为死亡标准,在室温(26±1℃)下研究了Al3+,Cr3+及Cd2+分别对日本三角涡虫(Duge-sia japonica)的急性毒性,并运用图像分析技术对不同实验条件下三角涡虫的摄食和运动行为进行了定量分析.结果表明:在急性毒性实验处理96 h后,在cAl3+≥0.75 mmo/L,cCr3+≥0.2 mmol/L,cCd2+≥0.006 mmol/L时,涡虫全部死亡,且致死时间与药品浓度呈正相关;在cAl3+=0.15～0.65 mmol/L,cCr3+=0.05～0.15 mmol/L,cCd2+=0.002～0.005 mmol/L处理下均未有涡虫致死现象,但对涡虫的摄食和运动行为均有一定影响;随Al3+浓度的增高和处理时间的延长,实验组涡虫的活动范围和摄食率都降低;较低浓度的Cr3+对涡虫的运动和摄食行为具有促进作用,而较高浓度的Cr3+则有抑制作用;较低浓度的Cd2+对涡虫的运动和摄食率的影响不大,而较高浓度Cd2+实验组涡虫的爬行速度和摄食率均下降.     

E·E·卡明斯诗歌中的中国情结

美国诗人卡明斯模仿中国诗画家想做到＂画中有诗、诗中有画＂,他的诗歌明确表达出对中国的向往,具有浓郁的中国情结。他创作的不少诗本身就是画,给读者留下一个广阔的想像空间。另外,卡明斯的诗画其形其意模糊变化,与中国艺术家追求的模糊审美标准不谋而合。