论菲茨杰拉德小说中印象主义绘画手法的运用

菲茨杰拉德的小说受到了印象主义绘画深刻的影响,尤其在《了不起的盖茨比》一书中,印象主义手法表现得淋漓尽致。印象主义手法是作家内心情感外化的重要手段。菲茨杰拉德不同时期的作品明显呈现不同的色彩,从而深化了美国梦破灭这个一贯的悲剧性主题。     

佛经《毘奈耶杂事》中之智童巧女故事及其流传

佛经《毘奈耶杂事》中记载了16则有关智童大药和巧女毘舍佉的故事,包括:验呕物以判真假丈夫、沙绳、两难之题、搬移花园、公牛奶、以驴赔骡、计破村外失钱案、偷情不成付钱脱身、巧媳妇妙悟家书、以水中马影付赌注、辨两马之母子、辨蛇之雌雄、辨木棍之根梢、水中珠影认作真、美妇巧戏登徒子、猴子学人上了当。这16则故事在中国西南少数民族的民间文学中都有类似的故事,这些经由口头传播,基本结构相同而外貌变异的故事群,在故事分类时,合称为一个类型。对不同国家同一类型的民间故事进行比较研究,将推动民族民间文化的发展。     

Economic transformation and the gender earnings gap in urban China

The gender wage gap and its development in urban China is analysed utilising two large scale surveys covering 10 provinces for the years 1988 and 1995. The results indicate that from an international perspective, the gender wage gap in urban China appears to be relatively small. It is, however, increasing. Decompositions based on estimated regression-models show that somewhat less than half of the average gender wage gap can be attributed to differences in variables but much less of its increase. The earnings situation of young women and women with limited education has especially deteriorated if compared to men having the same characteristics. Received: 20 October 1997/Accepted: 7 October 1998     

论美国421条款对中国的影响

随着我国正式加入WTO,即签订并应遵守《中国加入WTO议定书》的所有条款,也包括规定为“特定产品过渡性保障机制”的第16条。16条是针对我国的一个歧视性条款,使我国在保障措施方面处于相当不利的地位。部分WTO成员据此纷纷对我国的出口贸易进行发难。如美国利用421条款审理对中国的“特殊保障措施第一案”。作为发展中国家和经济转型国家,为了长远利益,我们虽然接受了这一不合理条款,但为了保护现阶段我国的合法利益,我们一定要加快对WTO规则及国外相关措施的研究以维护我国特定的国内公共政策目标。     

A systematic review on model selection in high-dimensional regression

High dimensional models are getting much attention from diverse research fields involving very many parameters with a moderate size of data. Model selection is an important issue in such a high dimensional data analysis. Recent literature on theoretical understanding of high dimensional models covers a wide range of penalized methods including LASSO and SCAD. This paper presents a systematic overview of the recent development in high dimensional statistical models. We provide a brief review on the recent development of theory, methods, and guideline on applications of several penalized methods. The review includes appropriate settings to be implemented and limitations along with potential solution for each of the reviewed method. In particular, we provide a systematic review of statistical theory of the high dimensional methods by considering a unified high-dimensional modeling framework together with high level conditions. This framework includes (generalized) linear regression and quantile regression as its special cases. We hope our review helps researchers in this field to have a better understanding of the area and provides useful information to future study.     

A comparison of Monte Carlo methods for computing marginal likelihoods of item response theory models

Nowadays, Bayesian methods are routinely used for estimating parameters of item response theory (IRT) models. However, the marginal likelihoods are still rarely used for comparing IRT models due to their complexity and a relatively high dimension of the model parameters. In this paper, we review Monte Carlo (MC) methods developed in the literature in recent years and provide a detailed development of how these methods are applied to the IRT models. In particular, we focus on the “best possible” implementation of these MC methods for the IRT models. These MC methods are used to compute the marginal likelihoods under the one-parameter IRT model with the logistic link (1PL model) and the two-parameter logistic IRT model (2PL model) for a real English Examination dataset. We further use the widely applicable information criterion (WAIC) and deviance information criterion (DIC) to compare the 1PL model and the 2PL model. The 2PL model is favored by all of these three Bayesian model comparison criteria for the English Examination data.     

Does inflation targeting matter for output growth? Evidence from industrial and emerging economies

This paper examines the effects of inflation targeting (IT) on output growth over the “globalization years” of 1986-2004. Employing static panel data methods that control for traditional growth determinants, trade openness and financial globalization, the paper finds that the adoption of a fully fledged IT regime results in higher output income per capita for industrial and emerging economies. However, under dynamic model specifications, the estimated long-run output impact of inflation targeting for emerging market economies is found to be lower than in the case of static models. We argue that this might be due to the long lags until the full effects of greater credibility are felt in the real economy and the fact that emerging market economies adopted the regime much later than industrial economies.     

旧领域与新视野:从风俗论看明清社会史研究

资本主义萌芽问题讨论带动了明清社会风俗的研究,其中尤以16世纪以后社会风气的探讨充分,引出了一系列有关明清社会史的话题,20世纪80年代以后相关的研究成果层出不穷。明清风俗以及相关问题的研究可从如下六个方面把握,即作为方法的明清风俗论,以奢侈问题为中心的明清消费研究,全球化与明清风俗论,风俗特性与明清地域研究,职业观与明清风俗论,移风易俗与明清社会变迁。未来的研究,似应在使用新概念、挖掘新史料、处理跨世纪上用力。     

A network perspective on international banking integration

The aim of this article is to develop new international banking integration indicators together with their components: openness and regularity (balance) of the bilateral bank flows. We define the Standard of Perfect Banking Integration (SPBI), which characterizes the scenario attainable when bank flows are not geographically biased, and cross-border asset trade is not affected by home bias. We assess the gap between a hypothetical scenario of geographic neutrality and the current level of banking integration, along with both of its components. The empirical application to the banking systems of 23 countries over the 2003–2009 period enables us to conclude that the level of banking integration has advanced rapidly over the last few years and, according to our indicators, is close to 45% as of 2009, i.e., we are not halfway to the SPBI. However, notable differences among countries are both persistent and growing, and the integration level achieved for each banking system differs when either assessed from the bank inflows or outflows perspective.     

DSP2812在铁路移频测试仪器中的应用

本文以TI公司2000系列定点DSP2812为例,设计了基于DSP2812数字信号处理器的移频轨道电路测试仪.阐述了DSP2812在铁路移频测试仪器中的应用.