明末清初西学东渐史上的《穷理学》

南怀仁编纂的《穷理学》在明末清初西学东渐史上具有重要的地位及意义，它所传入的学科知识体系基本上是南怀仁早年在欧洲耶稣会学校所学到的学科知识体系，主要包含亚里士多德的形式逻辑学、16—17世纪以欧几里得几何学为核心的西方数学以及各门自然科学技术知识。这种学科知识体系具有重视系统性、突出亚里士多德所阐述的形式逻辑的重要作用、强调数学乃一切科学技术的理论和应用基础等基本特征。把《穷理学》置于明末清初西学东渐的历史脉络和文化语境中进行考察，有助于揭示该书所传入的学科知识体系的基本特征及意义，对认识明末清初西学东渐跨文化交流所具有的某些特点也不无裨益。     

A GLOBAL VIEW OF CROSS‐BORDER MIGRATION

This paper evaluates the global welfare impact of observed levels of migration using a quantitative multi‐sector model of the world economy calibrated to aggregate and firm‐level data. Our framework features cross‐country labor productivity differences, international trade, remittances, and a heterogeneous workforce. We compare welfare under the observed levels of migration to a no‐migration counterfactual. In the long run, natives in countries that received a lot of migration—such as Canada or Australia—are better off due to greater product variety available in consumption and as intermediate inputs. In the short run, the impact of migration on average welfare in these countries is close to zero, while the skilled and unskilled natives tend to experience welfare changes of opposite signs. The remaining natives in countries with large emigration flows—such as Jamaica or El Salvador—are also better off due to migration, but for a different reason: remittances. The welfare impact of observed levels of migration is substantial, at about 5% to 10% for the main receiving countries and about 10% in countries with large incoming remittances.     

Do Interactions between Finance and Labour Market Institutions Affect the Income Distribution?

This article analyses the linkages between financial development, labour market institutions and market income inequality for 18 Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries over the 1980 to 2012 period. With the help of a dynamic panel data model with an interacted term, one crucial contribution of this article is to analyse the interacted impact of labour market institutions (i.e. union density and employment protection legislation) on the one hand and financial development on the other hand on the income distribution. Our results indicate that changes in the financial/credit and labour market regulation affect the income distribution. Estimates of the marginal effects show that by increasing labour market regulation one also weakens the impact of the flexibilization in the financial/credit market on the increase in income inequality.