Family Factors,Theft, Vandalism,and Major Deviance Among a Multiracial/Multiethnic Sample of Adolescent Girls

This article reports on a study of 503 African-American, Hispanic, and White non-Hispanic adolescent girls attending public schools in Miami, Florida. The primary objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of 13 self-reported delinquent behaviors in the sample, to compare these rates among the three groups of students, and to explore the predictive influences of several family factors that correlate with delinquency. It was found that 37.5% of the sample engaged in one or more acts of serious delinquency, with African-Americans reporting they had engaged in significantly more of these behaviors. The best predictors of theft/vandalism were low family pride and family substance abuse for Hispanics, low family communication for African-Americans, and low family pride for White non-Hispanics. The findings indicate that traditional family factors that have been used repeatedly to understand delinquency by male adolescents were not strong predictors of delinquency among the adolescent girls in the sample.     

Influences on Adolescent African American Females' Global Self-Esteem

Abstract

This study of 105 senior high school Southern African American adolescent females examined the relationship between global self-esteem, appearance evaluation (body image), and ethnic identity. As predicted, the relationship between global self-esteem, appearance evaluation (r = .46, p < .001), and ethnic identity (r = 40, p < .001) were significant and positive. The young women who rated their self-esteem high also scored high on the appearance evaluation (63%) and ethnic identity achievement measures. Therefore, these young women are expected to spend more time on self-enhancing behaviors and less time on self-limiting behaviors (early sexual involvement, drugs, etc.).     

Caregiver Support Groups: Finding Common Ground

SUMMARY

Members of caregiver support groups for the elderly have much in common but also bring to the group different experiences and attitudes. This article explores how group workers knowledgeable about significant caregiver differences and their effects on the group can enrich the group experience for all members. The four caregiver issues examined are: (1) past history between the caregiver and care recipient, (2) ability of caregiver to privately pay for home care, (3) views on long-term care placement in a nursing home, and (4) stage of disease or level of care needed by care recipient. Essential beliefs regarding the value of differences described by Northen and Kurland provide a framework for the group worker.     

高龄失能老人照顾者精神健康状况研究：基于性别分析视角

关于影响高龄失能老人照顾者精神健康因素的解释。基于“压力-应对”模型,强调照顾者的精神健康受到照顾压力的影响,而在此框架下,照顾者的性别差异议题受到较少关注,本文试图解释高龄失能老人照顾者的性别角色存在何种差异,并如何对其进行有效干预。本文运用问卷调查数据予以检定,结果表明,男性和女性照顾者相比较,女性照顾者的抑郁程度高于男性照顾者,对健康状况的自我评价也低于男性照顾者。在照顾压力和社会支持方面。男性和女性照顾者存在性别差异．而在孝道文化方面则未呈现明显的性别差异。本研究基本上肯定了照顾者的性别差异,对于女性照顾者而言,社会工作者应在临床上促进其正向体验并减轻照顾负担,及早处理她们的问题。     

Why and when female directors are less engaged in their board duties: An interface perspective

Female representation on boards is perhaps one of the most studied topics in board-governance research. At the same time, much is unknown about female directors' task engagement within boards. Drawing from psychological theory on societal gender beliefs, our study tests whether the impact of director gender on supervisory task engagement hinges on status dynamics in two relational interfaces: the director–board interface and the director–CEO interface. According to this perspective, female directors show less task engagement because gender is a diffuse status cue that creates status differentiation within the director–board interface. Multi-source board survey data (n = 61 boards, n = 315 directors) confirms that, within the confines of the boardroom, female directors do, indeed, receive lower-status ratings than male directors. This effect is weaker when boards have a female chair. Furthermore, lower status explains perceived lower task engagement of female directors, but this link critically hinges on the CEO–director interface. The impact of status differences is more pronounced when directors intersect with a relatively dominant CEO. All in all, the results demonstrate that relational interfaces play a key role for female directors’ task engagement in their board duties.     

乔伊斯笔下的女性形象及其女性观--以《都柏林人》中的女主人公为例

很多批评家往往采用简单的二元对立的观点来研究乔伊斯笔下的女性形象。其实乔伊斯笔下的女性形象呈多元性,她们或是屈服于传统,或是突破传统,或是以死来打破父权对女性的迫害。在《都柏林人》中,乔伊斯用为读者提供了多样的女性形象。文章以伊芙琳、穆尼太太和西尼考太太三位女性形象为例,从多元视角来重新审视乔伊斯笔下的女性形象,从中可窥探到乔伊斯反对父权制,尊重女性,支持女性独立、自由的女性观。     

从贾母形象的塑造看曹雪芹的母亲崇拜

贾母是<红楼梦>中贾府的老祖母,是家庭中的掌权人物,是贾家家族秩序的重要支柱和象征符号.贾母出身富贵,恤贫怜老,博学多识,而且能够独当一面,具有卓异不凡的领袖才能.贾母女性统治神话的悲剧是男性文明衰落的必然,是女性的性别悲剧的宿命体现,也是贾母对自身生命质量超越的悲剧.贾母统治反映了曹雪芹潜意识中的母亲崇拜,同时也是民族精神和文化血脉的象征.     

解构设计手法在未来主义风格女装上的应用

随着时尚循环更迭,流行趋势风云变幻,解构设计手法在未来主义风格女装上被广泛运用。这使未来主义的女装风格更加多元化、个性化。设计上也更加出彩和别出心裁。设计手法在不同风格服装上的创新融合,使服装设计出现了新的流行风潮,从而进一步满足了社会对服装功能性和表达个性的需求。使穿着者体会到更多穿衣新概念的乐趣。     

彩超和CT对女性盆腔包块的诊断

目的 探讨彩超和CT在女性盆腔包块诊断中的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析80例经手术及病理证实的女性盆腔包块的彩超和CT资料。结果 80例女性盆腔包块,其中异位妊娠8例,子宫平滑肌瘤16例,卵巢囊肿12例,卵巢畸胎瘤10例,卵巢癌14例,子宫内膜癌8例,宫颈癌12例。彩超诊断符合率为85%,CT诊断率为91.2%。结论 彩超和CT对女性盆腔包块的诊断具有重要的价值,合理应用能更好地指导临床治疗和术后疗效观察。     

高校知识女性主观幸福感研究

本文通过对高校知识女性主观幸福感的调研,初步探讨了高校知识女性主观幸福感的基本现状。研究得出,高校知识女性主观幸福感在年龄、经济收入、婚恋状况和婚恋质量方面存在差异,婚恋质量是影响高校知识女性主观幸福感的主要因素。