宋若莘姐妹与《女论语》研究

<女论语>是中唐著名才女,河北人宋若莘、宋若昭姐妹的著作,它以女性视角体现着儒家"礼"的重要思想.明末儒者王相将其选入<女四书>,明末至民国初年对女性的社会化有较大的影响,其成功在当今社会仍有借鉴价值.     

汉日谚语中的性别歧视

性别歧视是存在于汉日两种语言中普遍的社会现象,体现在很多方面.本文主要通过比较汉日谚语俗语,来探讨两种语言中的性别歧视现象.     

Examination of a Psychoeducational Intervention and a Respite Grant in Relieving Psychosocial Stressors Associated with Being an Alzheimer's Caregiver

Alzheimer's disease can be particularly devastating to those who are caring for their loved one with the condition. There have been recent calls for the tailoring of caregiving interventions to examine outcome differences between groups of caregivers and the reporting of effectiveness via longitudinal and specific outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine 3 interventions (psychoeducational training, a respite voucher-type grant, or their combination) while looking for possible group differences. A total of 367 caregivers participated in the study. Participants completed surveys and questionnaires before the intervention and at a 6-month follow-up. Positive outcomes were found, including lower depression scores, increased support service use, and increased support group usage. Possible effectiveness of the 3 types of interventions and variation among caregiver characteristics are discussed along with implications for future research.     

Gender of the immediate manager and women's wages: The importance of managerial position

One argument for increasing female representation in management is the expectation that female managers will be particularly beneficial for female employees through, e.g., role modeling, mentoring or providing other incentives to enhance female productivity. We explore this issue by analyzing the association between women's wages and the gender of their immediate managers using Swedish matched employee-employer data from 2010. Contrary to the expected positive association, we find that wages are overall 3% lower for female employees with a female instead of male manager. However, dividing the sample by managerial position and controlling for the sorting of employees with respect to, e.g., non-cognitive traits, work tasks, family commitment and establishment gender composition, the negative association is found only for female employees working for lower-level managers, not for women with a manager at the highest rank. One possible explanation could be a difference in decision-making power if lower-level female managers have more limited resources for their subordinates compared to lower-level male managers.     

《梦千代日记》中的原爆受害女性形象

二战结束后,"原爆"的深远影响一直受到社会各界的广泛关注。与同时期描写女性原子弹受害者的作品相比,《梦千代日记》以其独树一帜的对原爆受害者形象的理解与刻画,在诸多同类作品中脱颖而出。本文通过对作品主人公梦千代形象的分析,讨论了作品引发社会共鸣的历史文化原因,及其艺术表现手法的突破与局限。     

丽娘如镜——对明清时期《牡丹亭》女性阅读的分析

明清时期,《牡丹亭》是女性热爱的文学读物。女性阅读《牡丹亭》常常带有感性的、情绪化的体验,她们以假为真,把剧中的杜丽娘当成了现实中的真实人物,并将自己的生存状态和心理情感与之进行比较、对照,在感情上带有浓重的"卷入性"。女读者甚至化身为杜丽娘去体验她的感受与痛苦,因此常常会引起强烈的心灵震颤。这主要因为《牡丹亭》符合了女性读者的期待视野。杜丽娘对爱情的渴望反映当时社会环境下每一个闺阁少女内心隐藏的情感,女性读者通过阅读杜丽娘看到了自己对爱情的渴望,并进而发现了自身的容貌美和青春美,产生了朦胧的自我意识。     

纵情下坠与昂然升腾——从女性反抗姿态看两部女性成长小说

文章以池莉的《水与火的缠绵》与方方的《暗示》两部女性成长小说为对象,分析两位女主人公曾芒芒与叶桑的女性成长经历和女性意识的觉醒。笔者以女性反抗作为突破口,通过对两位女性在成长中面临的束缚,她们反抗束缚所采用的姿态及反抗的最终结果的阐述,对小说中突显的女性成长问题做出了自己的解释。     

20世纪中国大陆女性作家创作中的女性意识的演进

中国两千多年的封建传统文化造就了男权中心的社会文化,这种文化导致了女性的物化和异化。随着五四思想启蒙运动的蓬勃发展,一批受过新思想洗礼的新女性开始觉醒,她们发现了自我的存在,在反封建的斗争中张扬自我。这是人的发现阶段。伴随着中国革命形势的发展,走向革命的女性在广泛参与革命与社会活动的同时,也日趋丧失性别意识而成为中性化的人。性别异化在文革中发展到了极至。文革结束以来,女性作家的女性意识全面复苏,她们在完成了对五四精神回归的起点上起步,加之西方女性主义理论的引进,她们对两性关系的思考,也呈现出多样化的特征。     

浅议两性和谐发展

构建社会主义和谐社会已成普遍需求。作为社会结构中最普遍、最稳定的因素，两性关系是否和谐融洽，在一定意义上决定了社会的稳定发展。传统的社会规范和价值要求，长期使得两性屈从于既定的社会角色和社会行为，承受偏见和刻板带来的损害，为此，在新时期通过“对话”、“树立社会性别意识”和加强相应制度建设来推进两性和谐发展局露很必要。     

《雌木兰》之缠足辨

徐渭的《雌木兰》中,有生活在唐代之前的木兰缠小脚的情节。从木兰之形象塑造来看,一是增加了此剧的喜剧化色彩;二是颊上三毫,活化和丰富了木兰这个形象。从作者之用心来看,木兰的屈身从俗实与其《四声猿》的命意有关。是＂文长有所感而发焉,皆不得意于时之所为也＂。