试论财政科技资金的有效投入

虽然我国政府高度重视科技创新工作,财政科技投入总量快速增长,但是,我国财政科技资金在有效投入方面还存在不少问题,需要从投入力度、投入方式、投入结构、投入管理等方面入手调整财政科技投入政策,以便进一步提高财政科技资金投入的有效性.     

Book Reviews

No abstract available for this article.     

美国财政制度的变迁与借鉴

战后美国财政政策的实践呈现出很强的扩张性,其积极效应和消极效应都很明显。90年代以前的财政制度改革不仅没有解决财政赤字难题,反而使问题更加突出。与内生性经济增长方式相一致,克林顿政府的财政改革也是循着内生性超均衡预算的路径进行的。实践结果不但解决了财政赤字顽症,基本上完成了财政重建的任务,而且推动美国经济持续高速增长10年之久。     

AN ANALYSIS OF THE DEBATE ON INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY AND FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY IN AUSTRALIA

The authorities in a number of advanced countries have produced intergenerational reports that seek to determine the fiscal sustainability of current policy parameters. The Australian government will publish its Intergenerational Report in May 2002. This paper attempts to place these reports in analytical perspective. We examine the notion of intergenerational equity, the conceptual basis for generational accounting, Australian efforts at constructing generational accounts, and then review the intergenerational reports of several other countries. The paper concludes with a brief synoptic discussion of various policies that can help Australian governments achieve intergenerational balance in future.     

2004年税制改革——积极财政政策的新举措

1998年以来,为推动经济发展,我国政府一直采取以发行国债为主的积极财政政策.通过发行国债来增加投资、扩大内需,推动国民经济稳定持续增长.目前这种政策的边际效益在递减.与国债投资相比,若实施以减税为内容的税制改革对于实现经济持续增长的目标,是一种更为积极的财政政策.     

有界风险模型中Gerber-Shiu函数的若干结果

研究了有界风险模型中的Gerber-Shiu函数,得到了当索赔到达Erlang(2)过程时Gerber-Shiu函数满足的微积分方程,并进行求解.进而研究了延迟更新有界风险模型中,对首次索赔时刻的分布加入一个新的参数时Gerber-Shiu函数的变化,并得到了一个数学上易处理的Gerber-Shiu函数的公式.     

中美贸易摩擦的新变化、原因及对策

介绍中美贸易摩擦的一些新变化,并从经济和非经济因素方面进一步分析中美贸易摩擦的原因,提出解决中美贸易摩擦的对策。     

基于生态足迹法的生态适度人口研究——以皖江城市带为例

运用生态足迹分析法,对皖江城市带承接产业转移示范区主要9个城市进行生态适度人口的分析。计算得出所有城市中马鞍山和铜陵生态赤字水平相比其他几个城市比较高。通过生态足迹和生态承载力的数据,计算出生态适度人口,再运用MAPGIS对数据结果进行空间分布。研究表明:皖江城市带的生态赤字水平和适度人口水平分布基本上符合"一轴双核两翼"产业布局特点,"轴心"和"双核"城市的生态赤字较高,适度人口容量较小;"两翼"城市生态赤字较低,适度人口容量较大。     

Relationship of sleep quality and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms with quality of life in college students

Abstract

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) negatively influences various aspects of life such as social relations, adaptive skills, and occupation. In addition, many university students experience sleep problems, academic failure, and low quality of life (QOL). We investigated the relationship among ADHD symptoms, sleep quality, and QOL of college students, and identified the factors related to their QOL. Participants and Methods: Using a survey questionnaire, data were collected from 195 students from March–May 2017. Results: QOL of students was related to ADHD symptoms and sleep quality. Factors significantly associated with better QOL were fewer ADHD symptoms, good sleep quality, male sex, high academic performance, and high economic status. The explanatory power of these variables on QOL was 32.0%. Conclusion: To improve the QOL of college students, a multifaceted approach that includes assessment of ADHD symptoms and sleep quality is needed.