Current Situation and Prospects for the Urbanization of Chinese Migrant Workers

本论文运用年龄结构—生命周期方法分析农民工就业状况对他们城镇化的影响。基于中国企业用工年轻化、农民工失业中年化的现状，论文首先运用年龄结构—生命周期模型进行了估算，指出为了全家城镇化，农民工夫妻婚后一般需要连续工作30年。在此基础上，论文构建了农民工工作寿命表，用以估算中国具备城镇化最低限度经济能力的农民工总量。考虑到未来企业用工年龄结构的变化，预计2006年时年龄在30岁以下的6900多万农民工及其家属都已具备在城镇定居的最起码的经济条件。

关键词: 农民工城镇化?农民工就业?年龄结构—生命周期模型?工作年限?中年失业

This article uses the age‐structure/life‐cycle method to analyze the impact of migrant workers’ employment on their urbanization. Since enterprises tend to employ younger workers and unemployed migrant workers tend to be middle‐aged, we first apply the age structure/life cycle model to carry out our estimations, pointing out that in order to complete the urbanization of their families, migrant worker couples usually have to work for thirty years consecutively after marriage. On this basis, the article constructs a working life table for migrant workers and uses it to estimate the total quantity of Chinese migrant workers who have the minimum economic capacity required for urbanization. Taking into consideration future changes in the age structure of enterprise employment, we estimate that over the sixty‐ nine million migrant workers who were under thirty years old in 2006, together with their families, would already be in possession of the minimum economic conditions for settling in urban areas.     

The increasing importance of place: neighbourhood differences in metropolitan Sweden, 1990–2006

The shift from a fairly equitably distributed economy to a more unequal one is likely to have consequences. This article investigates neighbourhood differences in three cities in Sweden between 1990 and 2006 using panel registry data for the total population. The results show increasing neighbourhood differences in the outcomes of student grades and youth unemployment. Neighbourhood differences were computed for both those belonging to the majority of the population and visible minorities, and it was determined that the differences are not the result of an increase in the number of immigrants in poorer neighbourhoods. The majority population displays the largest differences in both grades and unemployment. The increase in disparities among neighbourhoods regarding outcomes for youth is a warning sign: it could lead to low motivation, loss of aspirations and social unrest.     

转型社会生态视角下的近代法国激进民主主义崛起

激进民主主义在法国社会转型期的崛起不仅深刻地影响了法国的历史进程，而且也为人们对现代化过程中一种共性现象的把握提供了典型个案。应该说，激进民主主义与重农学派、立宪主义等思潮一样，都是作为应对当时法国社会转型困境的特定方案而面世的，而它能在与其他思潮激烈竞争的过程中最终胜出，成为左右法国大革命的意识形态，则是当时法国特殊的“转型社会生态”影响的结果。在现代化进程中，只有按照市场经济内在要求努力改善“转型社会生态”，才能够最大限度地约束激进主义的发展空间，有效防范激进主义运动在转型社会被激活的风险。     

Alternative approaches to testing non-nested models with autocorrelated disturbances

Since departures from the classical assumptions regarding the disturbances in a linear tegression model arise frequently in empirical application, deveral computationally Straightforward procedutes are presented in this paper for testiog non-nested models when the disturbances of these models follow first- or higher-order autoregressive processes. Anempirical example is used to illustrate how the procedures may be used to test competing Keynesian and New Classical non-nested models of unemployment for the U.S using annual time series data for 1955-85.     

2012年法国网球公开赛莎拉波娃实现全满贯技战术研究

运用文献资料法、对比分析法和数理统计法,对2012年法国网球公开赛莎拉波娃技战术进行研究.分析其夺冠原因:发球强势；接发球凶悍；底线出色；心理稳定.由此作为借鉴,就我国的女子网球运动员发展提出建议,以期为提高其水平和成绩有所助益.     

Structural invariance and stability of sense of coherence: A longitudinal analysis of two groups with different employment experiences

This 5-year follow-up study investigated the structure and the factorial invariance of the 13-item sense of coherence (SOC) scale (Antonovsky, ) in two employment groups (unemployment/lay-off experiences vs. continuous full-time employment) and across two measurement times. In addition, the stability of SOC between these two employment groups was compared. The postal questionnaire data was collected twice, in 1992 and in 1997. The participants were Finnish technical designers (N=352) aged between 25 and 40 years in 1992. A total of 51% of the investigated participants had been employed full-time during the 5-year follow-up period and 49% had been unemployed and/or laid off for a total period of at least one month during the follow-up. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the SOC scale measured one general second-order SOC factor consisting of three, first-order factors of meaningfulness, comprehensibility, and manageability. The results also indicated that the scale was best used as an 11-item measure. The factorial invariance of the scale across time and across the two employment groups was supported by the data. Unexpectedly, the stability of SOC did not differ between the two employment groups. However, those participants who had experienced unemployment and/or been laid off during the follow-up period had a weaker SOC at both measurement times than those who had been employed throughout the follow-up.     

论现行日本失业保险法制度

现行日本失业保险法制度的特点是政府和企业高度重视员工在职培训，提高员工自身的素质以预防失业的发生。上述特点的形成原因在于：借鉴西方国家失业保险法制度改革的经验，应对结构性失业的能动反映，强化政府在失业保险法制度中的作用以及重视员工技能培训的历史传统等。日本的失业保险法制度的经验对处于改革中的我国的失业保险法制度具有重要的借鉴意义。     

Economic Theories of Low-Wage Work

This article examines economic theories of the low-wage labor market to increase understanding of economic inequality and poverty in the United States, particularly related to the labor market. On the one hand, neoclassical, labor monopsony, and Harris-Todaro models explain how minimum wage policies are related to supply and demand of labor, human capital, employment, and unemployment. On the other hand, the efficiency wage model, the dual labor market theory, and technology development and globalization account for the causes of the wage differentials. This article includes a conceptual map that illustrates the interrelationships between these economic theories of low-wage work.     

论英语中的法兰西文化

在英语语言发展过程中,受法兰西文化影响的痕迹比比皆是。在当代世界各国语言不断交流和融合的趋势下,探讨英语中法兰西文化的历史渊源,融入英语的阶段,对英语语言文化的影响,将有利于更好地了解英法两种语言的渊源,促进不同文化的交流。