中国传统继承制度的近代嬗变——以民国时期河北高等法院档案为例

朱文通以民国时期河北高等法院档案为个例对研究范式的多元化和中国近现代史研究的新动向展开探讨。文章认为,在历史研究中,运用新资料至关重要。民国时期河北高等法院档案资料具有重要学术价值,如能得到充分发掘利用,必将有力地促进中国近代史研究向纵深发展。肖红松对民国时期河北的烟毒吸食问题进行探讨后指出,河北烟毒的吸食群体总量在三十万人左右甚至更高,文章还对烟毒吸食群体以及烟毒吸食的蔓延趋势进行了多维度解读。王小梅以民国时期河北高等法院档案中的部分破产案卷为中心,对南京国民政府《破产法》的制定、实施及其所具有的作用、意义等情况进行了深刻剖析。任吉东探讨了近代天津永租房地契其在中国内部的固有形态以及在外力冲击下所产生的变化,阐释了天津土地契约形式在近代的蜕变,以及城市近代化过程中传统与现代的碰撞与融合。裴赞芬对中国继承法律文本的近代化、司法实践中的立嗣与女子继承权问题进行探讨后认为,民国时期近代继承法理念已从法律文本逐步渗入民间生活,实现了中国传统继承制度的近代嬗变。     

儿童本位视角下的韩国托育机构服务质量评估认证体系探析及其启示

幼有所育是推动人口高质量发展的重要基础,近年来国家持续加强托育服务体系建设,托育机构的服务质量受到前所未有的关注和重视,而托育机构服务质量评估是保障托育服务质量的重要措施。韩国托育机构服务质量评估认证体系建设共经历了三次改革,已基本构建了多维主体的质量评估体系;彰显以儿童为本的的过程性质量观;构建公开、透明的托育机构质量监测机制。为助力“全面三孩”政策的落实,我国应结合自身实际,建立标准化的监测指标,保障儿童权利得到落实;注重过程性质量监测,促使儿童成为监测主体;公开监测结果,引导机构对儿童良好托育。     

Does Western “Aid” Work?--Changing Discourses and Logics

International aid,always concerned as the Western aid,has been in decades’ development after the Second World War.From the Post-colonial time to the era of globalisation,from Washington Consensus to the Post-Washington Consensus,there are various aid discourses,motives and the intervention logics.This paper explores the Western aid through a critical review to the history and the contemporary development of "aid".It argues,despite these changes,the fundamental logic of aid,the logic of "catching up",has not been changed.The related economic and political interventions,such as the aid conditionalities,are all working for this logic,and have caused a lot of criticisms.Aid has not been very successful within the changing agendas.While the foreign aid is moving from intervention to cooperation,to make a more effective "aid",the traditional donors may learn lessons from the South-South relations.     

The 9th grade shock and the high school dropout crisis

Retrospective questions on educational attainment in national surveys and censuses tend to over-estimate high school graduation rates by 15-20% points relative to administrative records. Administrative data on educational enrollment are, however, only available at the aggregate level (state, school district, and school levels) and the recording of inter-school transfers are generally incomplete. With access to linked individual-level administrative records from a very large “West Coast metropolitan school district” we track patterns of high school attrition and on-time high school graduation of individual students. Even with adjustments for the omission of out-of-district transfers (estimates of omission are presented), the results of this study show that failure in high school, as indexed by retention and attrition, are almost as common as on-time high school graduation. In addition to the usual risk factors of disadvantaged background, we find that the “9th grade shock”—an unpredicted decline in academic performance upon entering high school—is a key mechanism behind the continuing crisis of high school attrition.     

Humanitarian action in developing countries: who evaluates who?

Humanitarian NGOs and intergovernmental organisations are usually assessed by their funders, not their beneficiaries. In most cases, their evaluation relies on interviews with “professionals”, neglects field surveys, does not use opinion polls and seldom tries to assess the socioeconomic impact of relief. Moreover, it is commissioned by stakeholders at the risk of being judge and party. Such a system brings several conflicts of interest: (1) it needs to be approved by those who are evaluated and so does not deal with “bad eggs” that refuse to be investigated; (2) it produces biased analysis, does not name names and passes over fundamental issues; (3) it is very formal and technocratic, if not meaningless; (4) it does not help to learn from past mistakes. Hence this article proposes a framework to develop third party evaluations. It is suggested that, to be really independent, evaluation should neither be paid or commissioned by stakeholders, i.e. NGOs and institutional funders. To facilitate learning, its methodology and its results must also be available to the general public. To be accepted by those who are evaluated, finally, it should highlight the difficulties, explain the political context, acknowledge its subjectivity, recognize its limits, focus on processes more than results and develop qualitative analysis out of quantitative indicators.     

包头市高中生精神信仰现状研究

周问卷法对336名包头地区高中生进行调查,发现包头地区高中生精神信仰具有如下特点：（1）总体状况表现为社会信仰最强,其次为实用信仰,超自然信仰最弱;九个二级维度从高到低依次为民族主义、生命崇拜、家庭主义、国家主义、政治信仰、家族崇拜、神灵崇拜、金钱崇拜和宗教信仰;（2）男生实用信仰程度高于女生,在二级维度上表现为男生的家族崇拜和家庭主义程度高于女生;（3）年级、是否班干部以及家庭所在地对高中生的精神信仰影响均不显著。     

价格促销对品牌资产的影响:竞争反应的高地作用

在价格促销对品牌资产的影响方面,学者们并没有形成共识,原因之一是学者们忽视了竞争者的反应行为,本文旨在探讨竞争反应对这种影响关系的调节作用。本文通过2(品牌资产梯队)×8(竞争反应)的实验设计研究表明,对不同品牌资产梯队的品牌,价格促销对品牌资产的影响存在差异;竞争反应对这种影响关系具有调节作用;竞争对手的影响主要来自同梯队品牌,相反梯队品牌的影响不显著。本文对深入了解价格促销对品牌资产的影响具有重要意义。     

中国情境下高绩效工作系统与企业绩效关系的元分析

用传统的定性综述方法对中国情境下高绩效工作系统与企业绩效的关系强度的研究,至今尚未得出一致结论.本文运用定量综述研究最重要的统计学方法——元分析,对中国情境下高绩效工作系统与企业绩效关系的53篇实证研究文献进行了合并,共获得8788个独立样本、316个效应值,总样本量达58946个.元分析结果发现:(1)高绩效工作系统对企业绩效存在显著正向影响(rz=0.419.p＜0.001),并且它对非财务类绩效(创新绩效、人力资源管理绩效、组织运作绩效)的影响大于对财务类绩效(财务会计绩效、资本市场绩效)的影响;(2)高绩效工作系统与企业绩效的相关性在中国情境下比在西方情境下更大,并且高绩效工作系统对企业绩效影响程度大于单个实践对企业绩效影响程度的简单加总;(3)信息分享与沟通、绩效考核与管理两项高绩效工作实践在中国情境下与企业绩效高度相关,而在西方文化中与企业绩效的相关性并不显著,之前国内的定性综述结论中也认为信息分享与沟通对企业绩效的贡献不大.本文的研究结果可让中国情境下高绩效工作系统与企业绩效的关系研究得出定论,并为未来的高绩效工作系统相关研究指明方向.     

Butterflies

This essay illustrates group work with adolescent girls struggling with emotional dysregulation and maladaptive coping. Mutual aid and female empowerment are advanced through the development of interpersonal relationships and interaction related to stress management, adaptive coping strategies, diversity, healthy relationships, self-esteem, self-harm and emotional regulation.     

Bottleneck analysis and strategic planning using Tanahashi model for childhood diarrhea management in Gujarat,Western India

In spite of continued efforts, India is still lagging behind in achieving its MDG goals. The objectives of this study were to identify stake-holders who have a role to play in childhood diarrhea management, to identify gaps in childhood diarrhea management and to propose strategic options for relieving these gaps. Bottleneck analysis exercise was carried out based on the Tanahashi model in six High Priority Districts (HPDs) of Gujarat in period between July–November 2013. The major bottlenecks identified for Childhood Diarrhea management were poor demand generation, unsafe drinking water, poor access to improved sanitation facility and lack of equitable distribution and replenishment mechanisms for Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) packets and Zinc tablets till the front-line worker level. The main strategic options that were suggested for relieving these bottlenecks were Zinc-ORS roll out in scale-up districts, develop Information Education Communication/Behaviour Change Communication (IEC/BCC) plan for childhood diarrhea management at state/district level, use of Drug Logistics Information Management System (DLIMS) software for supply chain management of Zinc-ORS, strengthening of chlorination activity at household level, monitoring implementation of Nirmal Bharat Abhiyaan (NBA) for constructing improved sanitation facilities at household level and to develop an IEC/BCC plan for hygiene promotion and usage of sanitary latrines. Use of Zinc tablets need to be intensified through an effective scale-up. Adequate demand generation activity is needed. There is need to address safe drinking water and improved sanitation measures at household levels. Multi-sectoral engagements and ownership of Zinc-ORS program is the need of the hour.