论涂尔干社会学理论中的宗教思想

社会的秩序和整合问题一直是涂尔干的理论关注点。在其丰富的社会学理论中,宗教思想占了很大比重。他利用自己所倡导的社会学方法,对宗教现象进行了探索,在宗教问题上提出了自己独特的看法。他认为宗教是社会的产物,是在人们的社会生活和集体意识中逐渐产生的,信仰、仪式和教会是其构成要素,宗教在本质上是社会力量的体现,对社会具有整合的功能。     

试论苯教的宗教性质及与藏区民间宗教的关系

文章主要对藏区古老的苯教的宗教属性和特征进行分析,认为在历史上,苯教作为一种宗教的名称出现时,其已经形成系统性的宗教体系,所以我们不能将之列为原始宗教。苯教一般被分为两类,即斯巴苯教与雍仲苯教。其中斯巴苯教与民间宗教有密切的关系,为藏区民间宗教的源流之一。     

宗教世俗化的思考

世俗化趋势作为宗教的特征越来越明显,越来越深入到现代社会的各个领域以及人们的日常生活之中.然而,这股世俗化潮流在促进宗教发展,带来"宗教热"的同时,也带来了宗教信仰的冷淡与衰退,导致了宗教形式的保留和自身精神价值的丧失.     

What are you thinking? Acculturation as an activating event for negative evaluative beliefs among Latinos/as

Negative evaluative beliefs and other cognitive structures have been tied to psychological distress across various populations but have not been sufficiently incorporated into acculturation models. The current study examines the relationships between acculturation and various activating events and mediating sources of support related to negative evaluative beliefs among people of Mexican descent (N = 319). Overall, model variables explained 26% of the variance in negative evaluative beliefs. Acculturation, marital commitment, and social capital associated with friends were negatively related to negative evaluative beliefs. Conversely, single relationship status, marital reward value, psychosocial stressors, and bridging social capital were positively related, and likely serve as activating events for negative evaluative beliefs. Identifying mechanisms related to psychological distress as well as supportive structures may help in constructing interventions that will address the specific needs of different groups. Future research should continue to explore appraisal and associated beliefs in acculturation models to understand why acculturative experiences may become stressful.     

The role of the welfare state in supporting economic transitions following family bereavement: Comparing Britain and Israel

Despite its centrality to the experience of death and grief, it is only in recent years that the economic burden following family bereavement has been recognized by social care professionals and scholars. Based on the realization that death and bereavement are grounded in social context, and assuming this economic burden is a multifaceted phenomenon, the present study compares the British and Israeli welfare systems in three policy settings: social security, funeral services, and bereavement leave. The findings suggest that while in both systems bereavement and especially widowhood is considered a deserving category, recent pressures for restructuring the British welfare state have been successful in shifting provision from the state to the market. The findings also show that in both cases, albeit to a lesser extent in Israel, current policy measures are not fully aligned with critical scholarship on bereavement and its financial consequences, nor with socio‐economic and demographic trends. These disparities are addressed using the notion of disenfranchised grief and by emphasizing the pivotal, although often overlooked role of the welfare state in constituting it. Lastly, the differences between the two cases are discussed in terms of the powerful role of Judaism in shaping Israeli policy.     

壮族原生型民间宗教结构及其特点

壮族的宗教包括原始宗教、原生型民间宗教和外来创生型宗教三个层次,其中原生型民间宗教--麽教和师公教具有代表性.它们的内部结构比较完整,基本具备了宗教的构成元素.与世界各种创生型宗教相比,仅在无地区性和全民性宗教领袖、无绝对权威主神的不同.壮族宗教的特点主要有8个方面,其中多种宗教神灵和谐共处,为国内外少见.     

宗教与科学关系的历史追溯及其反思

宗教与科学是影响人类社会最大的两种普遍力量。在人类经历了前现代、现代和后现代三种语境的变迁之后,我们更加清晰地看到,宗教与科学不仅仅具有冲突性和排斥性,而且还有很强的互补性和包容性。尤其在当今人们对工具理性和唯科学主义疯狂崇拜的时代背境下,我们只有认识到宗教与科学的互补性和包容性关系,才能深刻地理解宗教对人的精神生活和社会健康发展具有的重要积极意义,为科学的发展奠定人性的根基。     

马克思、恩格斯宗教本质思想探微

马克思、恩格斯以社会存在决定社会意识这一辩证唯物主义基本原则为基本方法,从宗教这种反映形式与引发此种反映的外部世界的关系上来规定宗教的本质。宗教是对人类社会生产方式的反映,宗教是人类社会生活存在的幻想的反映,只要宗教引起所反映的社会经济内部的不合理性继续存在,宗教反映本身就存在,宗教的本质就不会改变。