从人到历史——杨争光论

杨争光早期作品以好看的故事书写命运,探索人性,后期作品寻求历史的明晰和深刻。转型增强了作品的厚度,但却削弱了人性探索的深度,尤其忽视了女性意愿。这和作家自觉意识的推动以及时代语境的影响有联系。如何在自我突破中保持相对连贯性和复杂性,是作家面临的困惑。     

《书经》——中国古代林业史的重要文献

本文简述《尚书》特殊的文献价值,并举例阐释《尚书》在中国上古林业史研究中提供的史迹线索,具有现实建设深层意义的历史依据,是为林史文献学目录提要之一则     

开拓性的史观与史识——评范伯群《插图本中国现代通俗文学史》的史学价值

范伯群的新著<插图本中国现代通俗文学史>是按照历史推进的线索和通俗文学发展的周期来建构现代通俗文学史的科学体系的.作者通过图文结合的方式,从中国现代通俗小说的萌发一直写到20世纪40年代雅俗融合的新市民小说,把通俗文学的发展轨迹系统地梳理出来,清晰地勾勒出中国现代通俗文学的流变过程.作者指出知识精英作家是借鉴革新派,通俗文学作家是继承改良派,认为中国文学的现代化的萌芽与小说转型的任务主要是由通俗文学来承担的,并提出了"都市乡土小说"的概念.     

An Australian history of the subordination of midwifery

This paper analyses the history of the subordination of midwifery to medicine and nursing. With the important exception of Evan Willis’ work on medical dominance and Annette Summers’ work on the takeover of midwifery by nursing, other histories of Australian midwifery have taken a neutral approach to issue of power and control. The aim of analysing this period is to identify the strategies of power that were used to subordinate midwifery. With increased consciousness of how power has operated in the past, midwives and woman of today can be more empowered when seeking to promote normal birth and midwifery models of care.Concepts of ‘power’, ‘the state’ and midwife are defined and discussed. A summary of the decline of midwifery and the rise of obstetrics in Europe and the United Kingdom (UK) gives a background against which to understand the Australian experience. The historical account given here draws to a climax by focussing on the period 1886–1928. It was during this time that medicine forged an alliance with nursing and achieved both legal and disciplinary control of midwifery. Knowing how this was done is important because it helps us to recognise the power strategies that are currently being used by medicine. This is helpful when planning how these strategies might be matched or countered by contemporary woman and midwives when seeking to promote normal birth and midwifery models of care.     

新旧“大历史”：前提假设、范围与可能性

近年来,大卫·克里斯蒂安等人已经将“大历史”提升为一种研究过去的新方法。本文将大历史与旧大历史、也就是“普遍史”传统并列。“新”大历史或者以一种连续的神学为基础,或者建立在一种唯物主义形式之上,这种唯物主义被看作人类历史决定因素,或者起源于两者多少有些矛盾的混合。新旧大历史例示的“大跨度历史”与其说是对历史知识的贡献,不如说是这种或那种世界观的叙述化过程。在区分最大跨度历史与“仅仅是”大跨度历史过程中,在历史书写过程中满足大跨度历史要求的更好方法是更适度的尝试,例如,大跨度比较史、网络与交流史、专题史和现代化史。     

From Source to Evidence? Teachers' Use of Historical Sources in Their Classrooms

To explore questions in history and to construct historical narratives, historians work with evidence from the past. This approach to teaching history (inquiry involving the use of evidence) is an accepted part of the research on history teaching and is promoted widely in standards frameworks and practitioner publications as “good history instruction.” What happens in a standards-based setting where teachers are covering large bodies of content? Do teachers use sources as part of their daily instruction? If so, how? We were afforded the unique opportunity to spend time observing what 35 teachers do by analyzing 352 videos submitted over a 4-year time span. We observed a spectrum of source use within and across teacher practice. In this article we share what we noticed.     

唐宋穆斯林史实杂考

本文依据文献资料,对唐宋有关穆斯林史的几段有歧见的史料加以分析,内容涉及唐代的蕃坊、辽与大食的关系、蕃坊中蕃客的宗教信仰、蕃商社会的法律等问题,作者在引证学术界已有成果的基础上,提出了自己的观点。     

论博学鸿儒《明史》之独特价值

康熙朝的博学鸿儒集体纂成的《明史》初稿,在材料的搜集、编纂体例的设定、史实的考核等方面作了大量的工作,是今《明史》的基础。鸿儒史臣深受清初遗民史家的影响,加之朝廷为修史提供了宽松的环境,能够在一定程度上秉公直书、坚持公论,使初稿有别于其它几稿《明史》,具有独特价值。     

李明《中国近事报道》与礼仪之争

明末清初是中西交流史上一个辉煌的时期,然而礼仪之争使双方的交流陷于停滞,最终东西方都失去了机会:基督教失去了扩大在中国传教的机会,中国失去了向西方学习的机会。李明的《中国近事报道》(A Compleat History of the Emprie of China)是将这场争论推向高潮,并在这场争论中起重要作用的一本著作,所以了解这本书对了解那场著名的争论不无裨益。     

“围城”中的“历史人”——论李梅亭与霍华德·科克形象的伦理悖论及镜鉴意义

《围城》与《历史人》都是著名校园讽刺小说.其代表人物李梅亭与霍华德·科克都是生活在动荡时期相对平静的大学校园“围城”中的高级知识分子,他们在日常生活中言与行的矛盾、表与里的抵牾,在职场生涯中道貌岸然的显性身份表象与其庸俗无聊、滑稽可笑的隐性角色扮演形成的伦理悖论,无疑具有强烈的喜剧效果和深刻的反讽性质.由于人物所处经济、政治、文化背景不同,其伦理悖论又各具特点,李梅亭身上散发出陈腐的朱熹式伪道学气息,霍华德·科克则是在激进外表下包裹着极端利己主义.李梅亭与霍华德·科克形象蕴含的伦理悖论在知识分子中具有一定典型性,其形象既为历史存照,也对今天重塑大学灵魂、重塑知识分子健全人格具有一定镜鉴意义.