人口和计划生育科技人员的信息素质及其培养

信息素质是科技工作者获取科技信息、拓展知识范围、提高自身素质和科研技术服务能力的内在要求。信息素质指信息意识和信息能力,在人口和计划生育科技人员中要开展有效的信息素质教育。     

子女教育影响老年父母健康的机制及其异质性

基于2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,运用Logit计量方法考察子女教育对老年父母健康的影响。结果发现子女教育提高1年,老年父母健康状况改善的可能性显著提高4.28%,异质性检验发现这种影响不存在城乡和性别差异。基于人力资本代际传递理论和社会资本理论,将子女教育影响老年父母健康的渠道归纳为资源转移、健康行为和社会性支持,结果发现:子女教育主要通过向父母转移资源和帮助老年父母优化健康行为习惯来改善父母健康,未能通过社会支持渠道产生健康促进效应。其中通过资源转移渠道和以适度饮酒、运动及休闲为代表的健康行为渠道分别解释了子女教育对老年父母健康促进效应的27.78%和9.78%,提高资源转移能力是子女教育影响老年父母健康的主要渠道。在我国老龄化背景下,需要重视子女教育对父母健康的促进作用。同时,采取积极措施拓展社会支持渠道,降低父母对子女的资源依赖,并加强健康教育,优化健康行为。     

Dosage matters: The relationship between participation in the Nurturing Parenting Program for infants, toddlers, and preschoolers and subsequent child maltreatment

This article uses statewide data on caregivers of young children referred to the Nurturing Parenting Program (NPP) for allegations of abuse and neglect to examine the relationship between program dosage and subsequent maltreatment. At six months after participating in the program, caregivers who attended more sessions were significantly less likely to be reported for child maltreatment, holding other factors constant. At two years after participating, caregivers attending more sessions were significantly less likely to have a substantiated maltreatment incidence, controlling for other characteristics of families associated with maltreatment. These findings demonstrate the program is associated with preventing short-term allegations and longer-term substantiated incidences of maltreatment for a child welfare population. By demonstrating the importance of participation in the NPP, we increase the evidence about effective parent education programs for this population.     

Participation in biodiversity conservation: Motivations and barriers of Australian landholders

Biodiversity conservation programs that appeal to landholders’ motivations and minimise their barriers to participation may result in both increased uptake rates and improved ecological outcomes. To understand their motivations and barriers to conserve biodiversity, qualitative interviews were conducted with 45 landholders who had participated in one of three different programs in Queensland, Australia. The results revealed that the landholders’ decisions to participate depended on the level of formal biodiversity protection offered by the program, potential changes to their property rights, personal benefits of participation, and the program objectives. Landholders’ motivations related to conservation, production, financial and experimental imperatives. Common barriers to participation were lost productivity, different interpretations of what constituted “conservation”, and limits to future development and land use options. Voluntary and economic policy instruments can be used to stimulate participation and overcome barriers, but must be applied with care to reduce the creation of perverse ecological outcomes, such as slippage and low additionality.     

新疆高校民族预科教育评价体系研究

新疆高校民族预科教育,是指少数民族大学生在进入专业学习之前必须进行的汉语教育。民族预科教育评价,就是指对民族预科教育各方面指标的评价。新疆高校民族预科教育评价,按其主体和教育目的来设计,主要应有四个方面的内容,即办学水平的评价、预科学生评价、预科教师评价、预科教学质量的评价。     

生态系统理论视野下的灾后心理救助方案

生态系统理论认为,个体的心理发展变化是个体发展的生态环境系统适应性调节的必然结果。个体的心理问题并不仅仅来自于个体内部,而是由于个体所在的整个生态系统的失衡。因此,在制定灾后心理救助方案时,应从微系统、中系统、外系统和宏系统这四个相互镶嵌的整体系统入手,建立一个全方位的有助于个体心理重建的社会支持系统。     

生命教育理念的前提反思

"生命教育何谓"、"生命教育何为"、"生命教育何在"构成了生命教育理念的三大前提,对三大前提的论证不仅有利于生命教育理论的厘清,更有利于生命教育实践的操作。生命教育的内在意蕴是面向生命、提升生命的教育,在目的指向上是面向超越的教育,在基本路向上是面向幸福的教育。生命教育应遵循生命的内在规律,在自在与自为、适应与超越以及真善美的辩证统一中唤醒生命、弘扬生命、发展生命。     

卓越计划与创新型国际化工程人才的培养

讨论了“卓越计划”的特点和实施措施,对其提出的培养具有国际竞争力的创新型工程人才的要求进行了分析,同时根据金属材料工程专业七年的双语教学改革特色,总结出新的教学理念、内容乃至方法。通过对近三年学生评教的数据分析,表明教学改革得到了大部分同学的认可。     

探析高职应用文写作的教学方法

应用文在人们日常生活中使用广泛,其写作具有较强的实践性。在新时代的背景下,应用文已成为现代经济发展的重要工具。如何教授高职学生灵活掌握应用文的写作,既是当前教师所要思考的问题,又是社会认可学生的基本要求之一。规范使用应用文已成为高职生应具备的一项基本能力与基本技能。     

以药家鑫案为例反思对大学生的生命价值观教育

本文以药家鑫案为例,通过分析我国生命价值观教育的现状和影响大学生生命价值教育的因素,进一步阐述了目前加强对大学生进行生命价值观教育的重要性。