农业巨灾保险供求双方行为博弈及对策

目前,国外农业保险已较为成熟,但国内农业保险发展迟缓甚至一度停滞萎缩。如何使我国农业保险走出困境,文章从经济学期望效用理论的角度,分析我国农业保险供求双方——农户和保险公司采取不同行为的期望利润,并以此建立两者的博弈模型,最后分析模型,提出结论和政策建议。     

Conditional payments and self-protection

Self-protection can be financed either by upfront payments or by conditional payments (or contingent fees) in which individuals pay a provider only when a favorable outcome is realized. We find that, from the vantage point of a risk-averse individual, conditional payments welfare dominate upfront payments in the state-independent framework, but upfront payments welfare dominate conditional payments in the state-dependent framework. Moreover, more risk aversion always implies more self-protection under conditional payments, for both state-independent and state-dependent frameworks. In contrast, it has been previously argued that more risk aversion does not necessarily imply more self-protection under upfront payments.

加入WTO对中国在国际投资法领域的影响

本文就加入WTO对中国在国际投资法领域的影响,进行了较为全面的分析.一方面论述了我国外国投资法所受到的影响,包括外商投资领域的扩大和对外资法的修改与完善;另一方面也对建立我国海外投资保证制度的必要性作了论述.这两方面在我国的立法中应当受到同样的重视.     

Taiwan's path to national health insurance (1950–1995)

This study explores the evolution of statutory health insurance in the Republic of China on Taiwan from its inception in 1950 through to the inauguration of the National Health Insurance Programme in 1995. The main focus of the study is the timings of the adoption of the different statutory health insurance schemes targeted to the various segments of the population. It is argued that Taiwan's adoption of Labour Insurance for workers in 1950 could be best explained by the country's specific historical circumstance. The then-ruling Nationalist government was keen to build up Taiwan as a showcase for the whole of China. The inauguration of the National Health Insurance Programme in 1995 was predominantly subjected to the Nationalist government's adjustment to its changing political position.     

清代科举考试腐败问题探析

科场作弊是自从科举考试这个活动出现之后就随之产生的一个现象。清朝时,政府对于作弊严令禁止的程度实属历代之最,科举关防上开展了频繁的反作弊活动,文章重点了探讨了考生作弊的手段,和政府打击惩罚科考作弊者的措施,但清朝朝科场作弊之风却是愈演愈烈,甚至奔向了市场化的发展道路,从而形成了一道官方严打禁止和士子作弊两个完全相悖却同时并存的奇特景观。     

对实行强制火灾公众责任保险的几点思考

随着经济的不断发展、城市规模的不断扩大,我国的火灾形势日趋严峻,重特大火灾尤其是群死群伤恶性火灾事故屡屡发生,给人民的生命财产安全和社会稳定造成了严重的危害。而作为火灾后对受害人最重要的救济途径即责任保险制度还不完善,本文就如何建立健全强制性火灾公众责任保险制度及其必要性和可行性、社会意义、推进措施和风险控制等方面进行了论述和思考,以期能够说明和解决一些实际问题。     

对国际私法上法律规避性质和效力的重新认识

法律规避在性质上并非一种欺诈行为、违法行为和逃法行为,而是当事人主观能动地选法行为,这种行为具有处于合法性与违法性之间的属性,即虽不是合法行为,但也不是违法行为。性质决定效力,非法的行为才会产生违法的结果,对法律规避的效力应予以完全认可。对有损法院地国利益的规避行为,可援引公共秩序保留拒绝外国法。     

流动人口生育保险参与及其性别差异研究

本文利用南开大学“2013年流动人口管理和服务对策研究问卷调查”数据对流动人口生育保险参与性别差异及影响因素进行深入分析,发现流动人口生育保险参与率较低,而且存在显著的性别差异,女性好于男性流动人口。而影响流动人口生育保险参与的因素也存在明显差异,受教育程度、劳动合同、合同协商、工会、企业性质等是影响女性流动人口生育保险参与的显著因素。在此基础上,提出了进一步促进流动人口生育保险参与的对策思考。     

城镇居民基本医疗保险的参与意愿及影响因素

基于全国9个城镇居民基本医疗保险试点城市的调查表明,年龄、民族、婚姻状况、健康状况、所在地区和家庭平均收入水平等变量对参与意愿有显著影响;性别、教育程度和工作状况对居民参与意愿没有影响：政府补贴水平对参与意愿具有明显的正向激励作用。要进一步提高城镇居民的参与率和覆盖水平,政府应加大宣传力度,促进西部地区和少数民族地区的经济发展,适当提高对参与居民的补贴水平。     

Flood Risk,Flood Mitigation,and Location Choice: Evaluating the National Flood Insurance Program's Community Rating System

Climate change is expected to worsen the negative effects of natural disasters like floods. The negative impacts, however, can be mitigated by individuals’ adjustments through migration and relocation behaviors. Previous literature has identified flood risk as one significant driver in relocation decisions, but no prior study examines the effect of the National Flood Insurance Program's voluntary program—the Community Rating System (CRS)—on residential location choice. This article fills this gap and tests the hypothesis that flood risk and the CRS‐creditable flood control activities affect residential location choices. We employ a two‐stage sorting model to empirically estimate the effects. In the first stage, individuals’ risk perception and preference heterogeneity for the CRS activities are considered, while mean effects of flood risk and the CRS activities are estimated in the second stage. We then estimate heterogeneous marginal willingness to pay (WTP) for the CRS activities by category. Results show that age, ethnicity and race, educational attainment, and prior exposure to risk explain risk perception. We find significant values for the CRS‐creditable mitigation activities, which provides empirical evidence for the benefits associated with the program. The marginal WTP for an additional credit point earned for public information activities, including hazard disclosure, is found to be the highest. Results also suggest that water amenities dominate flood risk. Thus, high amenity values may increase exposure to flood risk, and flood mitigation projects should be strategized in coastal regions accordingly.