E-Capacities and the Ellsberg Paradox

Ellsberg's (1961) famous paradox shows that decision-makers give events with known probabilities a higher weight in their outcome evaluation. In the same article, Ellsberg suggests a preference representation which has intuitive appeal but lacks an axiomatic foundation. Schmeidler (1989) and Gilboa (1987) provide an axiomatisation for expected utility with non-additive probabilities. This paper introduces E-capacities as a representation of beliefs which incorporates objective information about the probability of events. It can be shown that the Choquet integral of an E-capacity is the Ellsberg representation. The paper further explores properties of this representation of beliefs and provides an axiomatisation for them.     

政治意识与人性的悖论、融合－解读《红豆》

文学和政治的关系复杂微妙。文学既不能单纯成为政治的传声筒 ,又不能成为脱离生活意义的纯文学。产生于特定年代的《红豆》既囿于一定的政治环境 ,又对人性有所丰富和发展。为此应给予《红豆》客观的评价。在题材上 ,既是对 30年代“革命 +恋爱”主题的延续 ,又是对十七年文学中 ,描写革命战争或现实生活 ,迅速及时地配合政治需要的文学主潮流的一种背离     

Deconstructing Deconstruction from Its Birth

Deconstruction has swept the academic circle since its birth. However, this paper attempts to point out ineluctable paradoxes beyond Deconstruction's capability to resolve in terms of its birth.     

公共关系活动中女性领导的角色悖论解析

在＂领导-社会行为＂的互动中,为了能获得双向的沟通,达到＂共荣＂而避免＂共损＂,领导就必须树立公共关系意识。随着女性踏上领导岗位,其不可避免也要进行公共关系活动。但在公共关系视域下的女性领导者却面临着多重角色悖论,文章基于对这些悖论的分析,试图提出一些解决悖论的思路。     

中国企业出口与生产率关系实证研究——对制造业企业自我选择效应和出口中学效应的分析

运用2005—2008年中国14个制造业企业面板数据,分析企业出口的自我选择效应和出口中学效应,结果表明:中国制造业企业出口与生产率的关系违背异质性企业贸易模型,自我选择效应不显著,并且存在"生产率悖论";出口中学效应也不显著。虽然出口企业的生产率与出口规模正相关,但在控制其他影响出口规模的变量后,生产率与出口规模则呈现负相关;在控制其他影响生产率的变量后,出口规模与生产率同样也会呈现负相关。中国企业出口的自我选择效应不显著的原因在于其加工贸易等现实条件与经典理论假设的背离;而中国企业出口中学效应不明显的重要原因则在于其自我选择效应的不显著和规模报酬递减。     

Psychic distance, psychic distance paradox and behavioral economics: Modeling MNC entry behavior in foreign markets

Assuming that MNCs face a much more complex environment that local enterprizes, the paper begins by discussing what economist Beckerman called psychic distance. After a historical discussion of this concept, I also discuss what O’Gardy and Lane called psychic distance paradox. Then, I argue that these two concepts have a great deal of relevance beyond their original intent of international trade-they are also relevant to FDI and all other formas of international production and exchange. Next, I argue, as I have done in several previous papers, that behavioral economics has a great deal of relevance to FDI and international productive activity; I also argue that behavioral economics can be utilized to describe the concepts of psychic distance and psychic distance paradox. Then, I develop a behavioral economics-based model that can explain the concepts of psychic distance and psychic distance paradox, and their relevance to the modes of entry of MNCs in international markets. In doing so, I argue that FDI and MNC behavior in general need not be explained outside of economics, since, in contrast to neo-classical economics, behavioral economics is capable of capturing the complexities of global markets.     

法律理性化悖论的现代性批判——一个正当性论证的视角

作为面向现代性的韦伯法律理性化的理论所包含的悖论,乃是工具理性与价值理性的二律背反,以形式理性化为特征的法律现代性体现了现代法律正当性论证的一元现代性学术诉求.尽管形式理性化的法律现代性具有一定的普适性价值,但是要破除法律理性化中的悖论就必须引入多元现代性论证的视角,立足于不同文化中的理性结构,为多元现代性法律制度的正当性建构提供可能.     

A Further Examination of Cumulative Prospect Theory Parameterizations

Recent experimental studies have focused on fitting parameterized functional forms to cumulative prospect theory's weighting function. This paper examines the behavioral implications of the functional forms and the estimated parameters. We find that none of the parameterizations can simultaneously account for gambling on unlikely gains and the Allais paradox behavior or other strong choice patterns from experiments. Parameter estimates that lead to reasonable amounts of insurance and gambling behavior tend to also generate large risk premia. Taken as a whole, the analysis suggests that the functional forms proposed in the literature are not suitable for generalization to applied settings.     

象征主义文学艺术立场、审美追求的艺术悖论

象征主义文学是发生于19世纪中期以后,西方文明出现空前历史悖论时期的文学现象。象征主义文学以浪漫激情与现实责任的互为纠缠确立了自己的艺术立场,以丑与美的对立统一表现了自己的审美追求。它们以自己令人惊咤万端的艺术悖论拓开了与西方文明历史悖论相周旋的想象时空。