现代西方收入分配标准评介

收入分配标准一直是西方收入分配理论中的一个核心问题。近些年来,经济学家、尤其是是非主流经济学家以及政治哲学家都对收入分配标准进行了分析和探讨,并已逐步形成了古典自由主义、功利主义、平均主义和罗尔斯主义等四种收入分配标准。     

Varieties of Liberalism: Canadian Social Policy from the 'Golden Age' to the Present

The dominant welfare regimes approach, like the historical-institutionalism on which it draws, predicts path-dependent responses to contemporary challenges. According to this, Canada's social policy regime clearly belongs to the (mainly Anglo-American) 'liberal' family, where markets and families retain a key role, supplemented by modest state supports. Yet, as some have recognized, there are important differences among liberal regimes and within a particular welfare regime over time. There are, in other words, 'varieties of liberalism'. This article argues, moreover, that in the contemporary period Canadian welfare reform has been characterized by warring principles for redesign. While some have sought to deepen the postwar social project, the main trends have been neo-liberal restructuring and, more recently, policies inspired by 'inclusive liberalism', though less deeply than under Blair's government in the UK. The continued existence of such alternatives suggests the need for a more nuanced conception of path-dependent change, consistent with recent revisionist trends in historical-institutionalism.     

Time,history and the making of the industrial middle class: the story of Samuel Smith

This article uses the politics of time to explore the making of the industrial middle class. It argues that anxieties about the decline of industry and the future of liberalism at the end of the nineteenth century fuelled a small explosion in life writing, prosopography and popular history. Accounts combined anecdotes about everyday life and reminiscences of the great civic age in a network of texts that attempted to recreate the associational life of the industrial middle class and present it as the foundation of national progress. However, slips in time between retrospection, nostalgia, memory and history reveal the complexity of late-Victorian anti-industrialism and the tensions in liberalism between a political culture that was inclusive and open and a social world that was not. The article combines a deep reading of the autobiography of the cotton magnate and liberal politician Samuel Smith alongside popular local history and collective biography. In so doing it shows how life stories were consciously composed as history, intent on shaping the provincial middle class as a historical force at a time of uncertainty about the future of industry and of liberalism.     

论梁实秋的独特文化选择

从文化史的角度考察梁实秋自由主义精神的内涵,可见其从复兴中国新文化理想出发,在中西文化的交叉点上确立了以人的自由独立为价值尺度,以理性节制为调节器,具有传统古典色彩的独特文化形态,其中以理性人性为核心,建构起一种独特的个人化文化表达方式.     

关于新自由主义的几个问题--访中共中央党校国际战略研究所亓成章教授

近几年来 ,新自由主义成为人们关注和探讨的一个世界性话题。那么 ,为什么要讨论新自由主义问题 ?新自由主义的特性和实质是什么 ?它的国际政治表现及其影响是什么呢 ?为了加深对有关问题的认识 ,本刊记者特地采访了中共中央党校国际战略研究所亓成章教授     

冈察洛夫理想人物塑造的再思考

如何塑造理想人物是冈察洛夫通过文学作品提出社会问题和展现社会理想的重要途径。对理想人物的选取与刻画不仅与冈察洛夫的文学典型观有关,同时也很好地体现了俄国文学与社会现实之间的紧密联系。研究冈察洛夫理想人物的塑造过程、性格确定及其原因,对于我们了解以冈察洛夫为代表的19世纪中期俄国自由派作家的社会观、伦理道德观和文学创作观具有重要的借鉴意义。     

A Christian identity for the liberal state?

It seems to be impossible for the liberal state to embrace a Christian identity, because ‘liberalism’ is exactly a device for separating state and religion. Discussing the implications of a recent decision of the European Court of Human Rights, Lautsi v. Italy (2011), I argue that this is not necessarily so. If paired with a liberal commitment to pluralism, a Christian identity might even be more inclusive of minority religions than a narrowly ‘liberal’ state identity, which has been the dominant response in Western Europe to the challenge of immigrant diversity, especially that of Muslim origins.     

论古典自由主义的个人主义精神

个人主义是古典自由主义的精神基础。个人及其权利是自由主义政治哲学的基石。自由主义者都从个人及其权利出发思考国家权力的来源、性质和范围，确定个人权利与国家权力的界限。以个人为政治思维的原点，在自由主义者那里表现为理论上的不自觉和文化上的无意识。     

中国视角的新自由主义

本文在经济全球化的背景下,剖析了新自由主义的本质以及其倡导者的理性和其追随者的非理性;说明了为什么其倡导者极力推行新自由主义的理念,但在现行国际经济框架内仍然存在许多无奈;阐明了发展中国家(包括中国)应如何避开和消除新自由主义的不利影响,汲取其精华;最后分析了全球化、边缘化和新自由主义之间的逻辑关系。     

围绕公民身份理论的分歧及弥合的可能——兼评自由主义、共和主义、社群主义以及文化多元主义

盛行于20世纪90年代的公民身份理论成为西方主流政治思潮相互争论的焦点议题,因而,不可避免地造成该理论内部巨大张力。本文立足当代西方政治哲学语境,探讨四种主要政治思想围绕公民身份问题的本质分歧和弥合的可能。首先,就“何种善”、“何种自我”问题,比较自由主义、共和主义、社群主义、文化多元主义对公民身份问题分歧的根源;然后,探讨自由主义对其他思潮包容和妥协的可能性,诠释四种思潮影响下的公民身份理论在多大程度上与协商民主这一实践理论相契合。