Ageing-in-place in studio apartments in Singapore: maintaining independence in community living

Abstract

Living alone in later life is increasingly a common style of living in Singapore. We investigated the extent of maintaining independent living in a studio apartment using a survey of older residents (n = 925), focusing on three aspects of coping strategies: self-care management, social support, and use of social services. As compared to older adults who lived with others, those who lived alone had better self-care management, tended to rely more on friends and neighbours, and indicated higher use of social services. Those living alone also showed higher awareness in managing their health. This study provides valuable insights to understand the issues on coping strategies involved with living alone in later life.     

语用失误的类型及其顺应论阐释

语用失误是语用学中的一个重要研究课题,但目前的成果仅限于对跨文化交际中的语用失误（语际语用失误）进行研究,对同一母语文化交际中出现的语用失误（语内语用失误）却鲜有论及。以交际发生在跨文化还是同一文化为标准,把语用失误分为语际语用失误与语内语用失误,并从顺应理论的角度分别阐释这两种类型的语用失误产生的根本原因,即都是在言语交际过程中,由于交际的任何一方忽视了语言与交际语境诸因素（如语言使用者、物理世界、社交世界、心理世界等）的动态顺应而造成的。     

流动儿童城市社会信任的建构机制: 一种情境的解释

文化的、制度的以及个体理性的解释路径对流动儿童城市社会信任的解释都不能令人满意,需要转向一种情境的解释。基于定量与定性资料,笔者描述了他们的信任建构过程,发现这一信任是他们对城市社会中具体生活情境进行主观定义的反映;在生活实践中所积累的库存知识,决定着其信任模式先赋性与自致性相互杂糅而又依次排列。     

Organizing survival and resistance in austere times: shifting disability activism and care politics in Ontario,Canada

Following the 2008 financial crisis, all levels of Canadian government implemented austerity measures that dramatically restructured welfare, employment, and social service infrastructures. This has significantly affected how disabled people access services. We argue that this restructuring has been an impetus for new forms of disability activism and care politics in Ontario as disabled people fight for services necessary for survival. We discuss examples of politicized forms of care and resistance in Ontario, namely self-care, the Ontario Direct Funding programme, and collective forms of care. We contend that while these examples of care can be practical modes of resistance, they can all be co-opted and restructured to suit neoliberal ideologies and must therefore be continually interrogated.     

Characteristics of cities that pass living wage ordinances: Are certain conditions more conducive than others?

Cities that have passed living wage ordinances often do so because of the strong political appeal of local living wage campaigns as a response to the declining value of the minimum wage, the outsourcing of municipal services, and rising income inequality. These campaigns generally consist of coalitions of community organizations, religious groups, and often times labor organizations. Organized labor is not the primary force behind most living wage campaigns, but they are an important constituency. Unexplored, however, are the labor market and other characteristics of those cities that have passed ordinances. This paper looks at data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) and compares cities that passed living wage ordinances to those that did not. Cities in states with high union density, and with higher levels of income inequality and larger immigrant populations appear to be more likely to pass living wage ordinances than those cities that do not have these demographics. But as important as union support may be, without key demographic and economic characteristics, it is nonetheless insufficient to achieve living wage ordinances in most cases.     

民歌的灭绝已成定局吗？

有人认为,"民歌的灭绝已成定局.因为民歌的生长和存在的环境,被彻底摧毁了."这样的判断是片面的,绝对化的."民歌"的概念有三种:一是单纯作为语言文字形式的民歌;二是配以歌谱可以传唱但作者难以考证、在民间传唱过程中曲调和唱法比较自由的民歌;三是有作词作曲者署名、曲调和唱法相对稳定的民歌.第三种意义上的民歌,在文化活动中相当活跃,这是众所周知的事实.即使是前两种意义上的民歌,我们也不能认为"灭绝已成定局".     

犹豫词的顺应性解释

口语的特征之一就是话语中充满犹豫词,表明了说话人的犹豫。前人分别从形式与语篇功能角度研究犹豫词,本文以此为基础,从Verschueren提出的顺应论角度分析这一语言现象,揭示产生犹豫词的意识凸显程度与其它制约因素。     

Adaptation of Tastes to Constraints

This paper examines a model in which people’s preferences adjust to changes in their relative ability to attain various goals. Preference changes are modeled as changes in the configuration of weights (or values) attached to these goals. The model permits to explain common prototype changes of preferences such as the ‘sour grapes’ or the ‘overcompensating’ phenomenon. It is found that whether the first or the second phenomenon occurs depends on whether a goal is easy or difficult to substitute by other goals. If two goals are sufficiently strong substitutes for each other, no weight will be placed on that goal which is harder to attain. The results readily apply to the standard microeconomic set-up involving goods and prices, rather than abstract goals and abilities. In this case, one implication of the model is that only a subset of the overall commodity space is relevant for everyday consumer choice, which reduces the complexity of the choice procedure. The model also permits to explain how new and unfamiliar products are incorporated into the consumer’s preference pattern.     

《他是否尚在人间》人物语言的语用分析——基于格赖斯合作原则理论

从语用学角度,基于格赖斯合作原则理论,对小说《他是否尚在人间》中人物语言进行细致的解析和研究。研究结果表明作者在文中多次故意违反合作原则,从而产生了夸张、幽默、讽刺等非常强烈的艺术效果,更容易引起读者的共鸣。言外之意的表达也深化了文章的主题思想,从而使读者更加深刻地体会到作者所要表达的思想内涵。     

Manufacturing Kinship in a Nation Divided: An Ethnographic Study of North Korean Refugees in South Korea

The South Korean government continues to practice variants of what Stephan Castles (1995) calls ‘differential exclusion’, in which citizenship in the nation state for North Koreans does not confer membership in civil society. For new arrivals from North Korea, many of whom have developed a distinct distrust of anything governmental, interaction with representatives of the South Korean state bares a chilling resemblance to that which they left behind in the North.

This article argues that for newly-arrived North Koreans the failure at state level does not mean they are entirely cast adrift, as religious and secular institutions within civil society are shouldering more of the burden of adaptation for the newcomers. This article endeavours to further our understanding of the significance of these groups as spaces where, for persons in exile, the meaning of home is recreated through acts of intimate exchange and relationships are formed that have the potential to become a form of pseudo-kinship.