概念整合对语篇外部衔接的阐释

概念整合理论是当今认知语言学家研究的焦点之一,众多学者都运用此理论从不同的角度对语篇进行了分析,本文试图以概念整合理论的核心内容即空间映射论为指导,以三种不同类型的空间映射(投射映射、语用函数映射、图示映射)为切入点来分析语篇的外部衔接。     

Women and toxic waste protests: Race,class and gender as resources of resistance

In recent years, women have been at the forefront of grassroot toxic waste protests in the United States. Out of their experience of protest, women construct ideologies of environmental justice, which reveal broader issues of inequality underlying environmental hazards. I examine the environmental discourse of white working class, African American and Native American women activists. The voices of these women show the ways in which their traditional role as mothers becomes a resource for their resistance. At the same time, their emerging analysis of environmental justice is mediated by different experiences of class, race, and ethnicity.     

基于家庭收入的保障性住房标准研究

 保障性住房是关系国计民生的重大问题,为使保障性住房充分发挥作用,其准入标准的确定尤为重要。目前我国保障性住房准入标准大都以人均收入作为参考指标,本文旨在测算并确立以家庭收入为参考指标的保障性住房准入标准。由于厦门市保障性住房在全国具有示范效应,故以厦门为例考察基于家庭收入的保障性住房准入标准。根据抽样调查的分组数据界定“中低收入组”,通过正态分布与均匀分布的转换,利用格点映射法,找出覆盖面为40%的收入上限值,即为保障性住房的准入标准。基于此标准,结合“按年人均收入限值”这一指标,将家庭组别按人口细分,划分出针对不同家庭规模的参考准入标准。     

敏捷用户界面需求工程线路图

在交互式软件系统工程中,用户界面需求是个重要阶段.需求工程师总是在为用户界面需求工程寻找好的指南和线路图.这些指南和线路图不仅要确保在未来系统中的可用性,而且要容易掌握和使用.这是目前为用户需求的HCI(Human-Computer-Interface)方法的挑战之一.敏捷方法论以容易使用、灵活、快速、迭代方法而出名.敏捷方法论和以用户中心的的需求工程实践为用户界面需求工程提供了一个动力.对以用户为中心的需求工程提出了有敏捷特征的线路图.线路图里的主要人工制品是场景.提出了一个原型导出过程.补充了SUCRE(Scenario-based User-Centered Requirement Engineering)框架.这个过程在线路图里为快速的需求验证起到重要的里程碑作用.     

概念隐喻理论对隐喻理解的优化

传统的修辞学、哲学和语言学对隐喻的研究均未对隐喻的内涵范围、表现形式、以及隐喻的产生和理解过程,展开科学系统的界定和研究。二十世纪七、八十年代兴起的认识语言学将语言的隐喻表达看作人类共有的概念隐喻体系的外在表征。认知视域的概念隐喻理论引导人们将隐喻理解为人类将身体经验所获取的认知向未知抽象领域的映射。人类通过隐喻映射来认知未知的、为身体经验所不能感触的抽象世界。     

Erratum

This study explores research methodology courses and their potential impact on the doctoral process in one university in Spain. Specifically, it analyses the role and usefulness of research methodologies courses for students as they prepare for their dissertation work. Data were collected using semi‐structured interviews with 11 students. Syllabi from five different doctoral programmes and 54 educational research projects conducted by students were also analysed. Contrary to prior research, our results indicate that students are motivated and interested in methodological matters. These courses are a valuable component to the doctoral programme providing general orientation to inquiry and aiding students in becoming educational researchers. Furthermore, we found that methodological pluralism was adopted and used by students in their research projects when this same pluralism was covered in their coursework. Implications for teaching research methodology courses are included.     

Developing a collaborative methodology for research with community groups

This ‘short communication’ considers four different methodological approaches for ethnographic research projects that engage community groups when the research topic is contested amongst group members. I locate my comments in the context of a proposed project on concepts of gender in the ‘mythopoetic’ men's movement, and on feminist responses to these concepts; however, many of the points raised are applicable to a range of community projects. I discuss benefits and drawbacks of the following candidate methodologies: participant-observation (in this case, with a male partner researcher who is an ‘insider’); participatory-action research; reflexive ethnographic interviewing; and a collaborative documentary that incorporates aspects of video ethnography. A key consideration throughout is the positioning of the researcher and participants. I make a case for the uniquely collaborative potential of video when quite diverse perspectives are part and parcel of a proposed research agenda.     

Negotiating the ground: ‘mobilizing’ a divided field site in the ‘post-conflict’ city

ABSTRACT

While an exploration of mobility patterns in ‘post-conflict’ societies has much to tell us about how division is produced through ordinary activities, less work has considered the practical application of a mobilities ‘lens’ during fieldwork in such contexts. Negotiating the ground in highly polarized contexts presents a unique array of challenges, but also offers opportunities to make use of mobile methodologies. This paper discusses the advantages of GPS-based technologies and walking interviews to a recent activity-space segregation study in Belfast, Northern Ireland, and reflects on methodological issues posed by the ‘post-conflict’ field site.     

西方隐喻研究理论视点述要

追溯了西方隐喻研究的历史,梳理和归纳出五种主要研究理论:“替代论”、“比较论”、“互动论”、“映射论”和“概念合成论”,指出这五种理论的发展是一种在不断否定中彼此相承相续的演进过程。尽管各种理论都是在超越前人的基础上发展而来,可自身却又带有明显的缺陷。文章在讨论介绍各种理论的要旨的同时,析解了各自所作出的贡献及存在的不足。     

基于TAM/QFD及TRIZ的新型墙体材料\n创新设计研究

随着社会进步和生活水平的不断提高,人们对居住环境有了更苛刻的要求。新型墙体材料通过节能、节土、废料利用等形式,解决了生产过程中引起的高耗能、重污染问题。利用集成创新方法研究了技术接受模型TAM、质量功能展开QFD及发明问题解决理论TRIZ在新产品开发过程中的应用,从用户调研、研发设计、生产制造、市场营销等角度出发解决了产品设计生产中的矛盾问题,以四川壁宝墙体有限公司产品为例,对该公司新型墙体材料予以设计,实现了建筑墙体材料的绿色环保、经济实惠