关于“材料成形及控制工程”专业教学改革的探索与实践

“材料成形及控制工程”是一个内涵丰富,具有老专业背景的新设专业。文章探讨了该专业在专业建设与教学工作中所遇到的课程设置、课堂教学、实践教学等问题,阐述了初步解决这些问题的办法。其改革与建设所贯彻的基本思想是:顺应我国高等教育专业改革的趋势,拓宽培养口径,强化学生的综合素质和能力训练。初步实践结果表明,这些专业教学改革举措取得了良好的效果,即学生的知识面得到了加宽、综合素质得到了提高,增强了毕业生对社会的适应性,为专业的建设奠定了良好的基础。     

THE MEASUREMENT AND OPERATING BENEFITS OF COMPONENT PART COMMONALITY

The product structure is a key input to a material requirements planning system. Yet, the effect of alternate product structure designs on system performance is not well understood. Analytical measures are needed to accurately relate product-structure characteristics to total cost and delivery performance. A new analytical measure of product structure called the degree of commonality index is defined in this paper. The degree of commonality index can be applied to single end items, product families, entire product lines, or to any level of product structure. This study suggests that component part commonality, as measured by the degree of commonality index, has a significant effect on system performance. For example, company standardization programs that increase the degree of component part commonality result in manufacturing cost reductions. The degree of commonality index provides a way to directly relate the degree of component part commonality to various dependent variables such as total cost, work center load, and delivery performance.     

激励员工:图书馆管理的新机制

本文通过分析激励的内涵、激励机制的准则、激励的具体措施来论述激励机制在图书馆管理中的重要性及意义     

我国实施MRPⅡ的问题及对策

回顾了MRPII的发展历史和国内外的应用状况 ,针对我国实施该项目在定位、认知、态度和管理等方面的问题 ,提出了相应的对策     

The role of materiality: Knowing through objects in work practice

Based on the perspective of knowing in practice, this paper investigates the everyday work of engineers in a semiconductor plant. Qualitative data analysis is used to examine the active role of objects and how engineers rely on them to perform troubleshooting in the manufacturing processes. Three active roles emerged from the analysis: (a) objects activating interpretations, (b) objects stimulating collaborative practices, and (c) objects sparking experimental activities. Based on these three findings, we propose that objects have three triggering roles. First, objects trigger meaning-making. The meaning-making process provides a condition for better understanding the situation, making inferences, and developing possible diagnostic logics. Second, objects trigger spontaneous relationships. This role promotes social interaction, encourages members to cooperate, and to negotiate in the organization. Third, objects trigger real-time exploratory actions. These triggering roles of objects enable prioritization and execution of troubleshooting practice, based on the available information, actionable knowledge, and the situation at hand. Finally, these findings have important theoretical implications and indicate interesting future research directions related to the active role of objects in work practice.     

Effects of unemployment and underemployment on material hardship in single-mother families

Using data from the 2004 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), this study examined relationships between employment problems and four types of material hardship among single-mother families. Although a bill-paying hardship was the most common hardship reported by the mothers (41%), 38% of the families experienced a health hardship, 33% suffered a food hardship, and 25% had a housing hardship. The multivariate results indicate that compared with families whose mothers were adequately employed, families whose mothers were unemployed/had involuntary job gaps and were underemployed had heightened risks of experiencing bill-paying, health, and housing hardships. Only unemployment/involuntary job gaps was related to having a food hardship. A number of other factors associated with experiencing material hardship also were identified. Finally, implications for social work practice and social policy are discussed.     

我们应当在什么意义上认识意识的能动性——对传统唯物主义认识论证明的质疑

传统唯物主义对其“物质是第一性的,意识第二性的”的哲学基本观点从两个方面作了证明,即本体论证明和认识论证明。就认识论证明来说,除了同本体论证明一样犯有逻辑循环的错误以外,它还有不能正确解释所谓的意识的能动性的弊端,因而它之所谓意识的“反作用”论克服了旧唯物主义的形而上学消极、被动的反映论,也是不能成立的。意识具有远远超过传统唯物主义所估价的能动性也即它所谓的“反作用”,但是这种能动性之重大和重要,要在超越传统唯物主义所谓意识的“反作用”的新的哲学视野中才能得到准确的理解。     

物料干燥特性的研究

本文通过对四种中药材的干燥性能试验，探讨了影响物料干燥过程的主要因素，给出了干燥过程的数学模型，为设计物料干燥装置和提高热能利用率提供了依据．     

中国马克思哲学本体论研究:回顾与前瞻

中国马克思哲学界对马克思哲学本体论(即存在论)的研究经历了三种范式:物质本体论、实践本体论、生存论本体论。范式的转换体现了中国马克思哲学研究的不断深入和创新。本体论(即存在论)问题本身就是一个复杂而绵延的无尽之学,未来随着学术水平的提升,我国哲学界会对马克思哲学本体论(即存在论)问题有更新的突破,对马克思哲学的研究也会有更新的进展。     

实体性权利或程序性权利--对我国股东派生诉讼制度的实证研究与反思

我国立法者于2005年将股东派生诉讼制度规定于《公司法》之中,这一制度的核心在于赋予中小股东在公司管理层违反忠实、勤勉义务时相应的诉权。但该制度在司法实践中却早已存在,由于当时缺乏统一立法,法官在具体案件的审理中,根据自身对于相关理论的理解加以适用,故而对该制度的适用条件等方面存在较大的差异。虽然相关法律的出台一定程度上解决了上述问题,但由于立法者对于程序性规定的忽视,从而导致实体法和程序法之间产生了不协调之处。