The Hollow Ring of Donor Commitment: Country Concentration and the Decoupling of Aid‐Effectiveness Norms from Donor Practice

The fragmentation of a donor's foreign aid across too many recipient countries is widely believed to be detrimental to aid effectiveness. This article explores the origins of a new norm – recipient concentration – and assesses the extent to which it can be expected to improve aid effectiveness. It also examines 23 donors' actual record of country concentration, and finds that, though there are some potential explanations for donors' behaviour, their collective failure to implement country concentration has very little consequence in theory or in practice.     

医药行业:从暴利走向均衡——药品代理经销商的未来地位与对策研究

本文认为随着药品降价风起 ,医药行业中代理经销商的有利地位正在受到动摇 ,必须本着代理产品横向多样化、纵向梯队化的原则实施全新的市场竞争策略 ,同时 ,努力发展成为药品物流中心是今后代理营销商的新角色     

Gender,Migration and Place of Qualification of Doctors in the UK: Perceptions of Inequality,Morale and Career Aspiration

This article draws on a large British Medical Association (BMA) survey which allows the comparison of doctors who qualified in the UK with International Medical Graduates (IMG) who qualified overseas. It does this with respect to inequality, morale and career aspiration. The paper argues that the human-capital protection of qualifications, profession and status is not sufficient to equal the experiences of migrant doctors with those of doctors who qualified in the UK. Moreover, the article provides a gendered analysis which demonstrates clear differences between women and men and shows that place of qualification intensifies the gendered experience of a medical career. Drawing on intersectional insights shows that women IMGs are the most disadvantaged despite the apparent protection of high human capital.     

必然、实然与应然：高校法律援助机构服务社会研究

高校法律援助机构的建立缓解了法律援助供需矛盾,但其发展过程中存在诸多亟待解决的问题,如自身管理混乱、经费不足、当事人不信任等。在分析了高校法律援助机构要服务于社会的必要性和可行性的基础上,通过对高校法律援助机构现状及弊端的研究,提出要加强高校法律援助机构服务社会的具体措施,包括完善相关立法、引进实习律师或高年级取得律师职业资格证的学生、规范其设立程序、确立双层管理体制及与社会组织合作等,以建立服务社会型高校法律援助机构。     

A hazard model of the probability of medical school drop-out in the UK

Summary.  From individual level longitudinal data for two entire cohorts of medical students in UK universities, we use multilevel models to analyse the probability that an individual student will drop out of medical school. We find that academic preparedness—both in terms of previous subjects studied and levels of attainment therein—is the major influence on withdrawal by medical students. Additionally, males and more mature students are more likely to withdraw than females or younger students respectively. We find evidence that the factors influencing the decision to transfer course differ from those affecting the decision to drop out for other reasons.     

I'm OK, You're (Not) OK: The Private Welfare State in the United States

The American welfare state has been premised on the mixture of substantial private, tax‐subsidized benefits rather than on more universalistic public benefits. That pattern is in some ways being undermined as private pension plans are increasingly going bankrupt and firms reduce the benefits they provide employees. On the other hand, however, the current Bush administration is attempting to enhance the private sector role by allowing individuals to invest at least a part of their social insurance contributions into private savings plans. These changes may in the end increase the role of the public sector as a regulator and underwriter at the same time that attempts are made to minimize public sector involvement.     

普通医学翻译中的常见问题及对策

翻译是译者在具有不同规则的符号系统之间进行信息传递的文化活动,应尽最大可能使译文“忠实”于原作,作为科技英语之一的医学翻译也应遵循这一规则。但从现实情况看,译者们常会遇到各种各样的问题以至于不能使译文“忠实”于原作。本文仅就多数译者在从事普通医学翻译过程中所遇到的问题及对应策略进行分析研究。     

新型农村合作医疗制度可持续性因素分析基本框架

新型农村合作医疗制度是提供农民医疗保障、构建农村卫生体系的重要载体,对于其可持续性从以下三方面来分析;以筹资为中心的医疗制度系统构成角度理论性分析;保险制度设计方案分析和不同地区的制度可持续性要点分析结合医疗制度的其他评价指标进行拓展型分析,如制度的公平和效率等。     

日本儿童虐待常见的十种类型及咨询援助要点

儿童虐待问题是当前日本的心理学、教育学、社会学以及其他相关领域最瞩目的社会问题。日本儿童虐待问题分成以下十种类型：母亲虐待型、单亲家庭型、父亲暴力型、母亲育儿疲劳型、育儿知识缺乏型、母亲抑郁封闭儿童型、父母期望过高型、受性虐待母亲不保护型、父母情绪不稳定型、失望父母与任性孩子型。对每一种类型,分别从性格和行为特征、虐待的危险度和咨询援助要点等方面进行了具体阐述。针对各种不同的虐待类型,采取心理咨询以及各种积极有效的援助,既有宏观指导意义,又有微观操作意义。     

宋子文与美援外交

宋子文不仅是民国时期著名的政治家、理财家和金融家 ,也是抗日时期一位杰出的外交家。他的外交实践以从事美援外交为重点。文章重点评介其在 1931～ 194 5年中华民族抗战时期的主要外交活动及对抗战的重要贡献。当然 ,由于时代与个人的局限 ,宋子文争取的美援不能不带有消极的一面