社会发展代价理论建构的四个哲学维度

发展的代价是发展这一时代核心主题面临的突出问题。从理论上切实解决该问题，就必须从哲学的高度入手，从四个维度进行思考，首先是本体论思考，其主要任务是研究社会发展代价的本质及其在社会发展中的地位与作用；其次是认识论思考，其目的是对人们在认识世界与履行世界过程中的代价进行梳理；再次是价值论思考，其主旨是对人们在价值实践活动中所付出的代价进行反思；最后是方法论思考，其主要内空介对人们付出代价求得发展的方法进行探讨。某种程度上说，从哲学高度研究和把握社会发展的代价问题，是历史，也是时代赋予哲学工作者的迫切任务。     

"反向格义"与中国哲学研究的困境--以老子之道的诠释为例

传统的格义借用本土的概念来解释外来佛学的术语,近代的反向格义是以西方的哲学概念解释中国本土的术语。传统的格义是普及性、启蒙性、工具性的,是权宜之计;而近代反向格义却是研究性、专业性的,是主流的或正统的方法。对反向格义的利弊得失应该进行严肃的反思和讨论。西方哲学概念的体系是对立二分的,与中国古代哲学中的成对的概念体系有重要不同。将物质和精神、实然和应然的概念引入对老子之道的定义或解释,难免陷入困境。在用反向格义的方法来解释中国的哲学术语时,对其困难和局限应该有自觉的意识和说明。此外也不妨尝试用描述的方法来解释古代的哲学术语,从而避免以西方现成概念来对应中国哲学术语时方枘圆凿的困境。     

马克思异化劳动理论的唯物史观意蕴——兼论《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的解读方法问题

异化是主观状态与客观状态的统一,马克思异化劳动理论的现实出发点抓住了资本主义私有财产的雇佣劳动制度根本客观现实。在解读马克思早期著作的过程中,应该具体分析其哲学内容与分析形式的矛盾和不一致。撇开异化分析的哲学形式,结合人们以大工业生产为外在形式的资本主义雇佣劳动,异化劳动理论的内容分析蕴含着历史的眼光,折射出辩证法的光芒,孕育着实践、生产力、生产关系等核心概念及其相互关系的萌芽。马克思的异化劳动理论具有唯物史观意蕴。     

Changing times: Migrants’ social network analysis and the challenges of longitudinal research

Focusing on migrant social networks, this paper draws upon the sociology of time to incorporate complex notions of temporality into the research process. In so doing, we consider firstly, the challenge of going ‘beyond the snapshot’ in data collection to capture dynamism through time. Secondly, we apply the concepts of timescapes to explore ways of addressing the wider context and the interplay between spatiality, temporality and relationality in migration research. We argue that integrating a mixed methods approach to SNA, crucially including visualisation, can provide a useful methodological and analytical framework to understand dynamics.SNA can also be helpful in bridging the personal and structural dimensions in migration research, by providing a meso level of analysis. However, it is also important to connect the investigation of local and transnational networks with an analysis of the broader social, economic and political contexts in which these take shape; in other words, connecting the micro and the meso with the wider macro level. Drawing upon reflections from our migration research studies, we argue that different combinations of quantitative, qualitative and visual methods do not just provide richer sets of data and insights, but can allow us to better connect conceptualisations – and ontologies – of social networks with specific methodological frameworks.     

Causal inferences on the effectiveness of complex social programs: Navigating assumptions,sources of complexity and evaluation design challenges

This paper explores avenues for navigating evaluation design challenges posed by complex social programs (CSPs) and their environments when conducting studies that call for generalizable, causal inferences on the intervention’s effectiveness. A definition is provided of a CSP drawing on examples from different fields, and an evaluation case is analyzed in depth to derive seven (7) major sources of complexity that typify CSPs, threatening assumptions of textbook-recommended experimental designs for performing impact evaluations. Theoretically-supported, alternative methodological strategies are discussed to navigate assumptions and counter the design challenges posed by the complex configurations and ecology of CSPs. Specific recommendations include: sequential refinement of the evaluation design through systems thinking, systems-informed logic modeling; and use of extended term, mixed methods (ETMM) approaches with exploratory and confirmatory phases of the evaluation. In the proposed approach, logic models are refined through direct induction and interactions with stakeholders. To better guide assumption evaluation, question-framing, and selection of appropriate methodological strategies, a multiphase evaluation design is recommended.     

A Lower Bound for the Wrap-around L2-discrepancy on Combined Designs of Mixed Two- and Three-level Factorials

The objective of this article is to study the issue of employing the uniformity criterion measured by wrap-around L₂-discrepancy to assess the optimal foldover plans. For mixed two- and three-level fractional factorials as the original designs, general foldover plan and combined design under a foldover plan are defined, and the equivalence between any foldover plan and its complementary foldover plan is investigated. A lower bound of wrap-around L₂-discrepancy of combined designs under a general foldover plan is obtained, which can be used as a benchmark for searching optimal foldover plans. Moreover, it also provides a theoretical justification for optimal foldover plans in terms of uniformity criterion.     

Sex segregation in India's formal manufacturing sector

Using an index of dissimilarity based on data from the Annual Survey of Industries for 1989/90 and 2000/01, the authors find that sex segregation across India's so‐called factory sector decreased over this period. Most of the apparent improvement, however, was due to changes in the industrial structure of employment, not desegregation per se. The index is also sensitive to the number of industries in the underlying classifications. At the national and state levels, formal job opportunities for women are effectively very limited: they are highly concentrated in a small number of traditional “women's” manufacturing industries, such as food, tobacco, apparel, weaving and spinning.     

贾谊的教育思想及其现代启示

贾谊认为，在教育的过程中，必须给教育的对象营造一个良好的环境；为了有效地进行教学，要运用激励机制，以激发教育对象的学习兴趣与学习积极性，进而采取相应的学习行为；要把握好教学内容的难度与广度，同时也要把握教学的速度与强度。贾谊这些教育思想对我们今天的教育教学依然具有重要的启示作用。     

Use of concurrent mixed methods combining concept mapping and focus groups to adapt a health equity tool in Canada

The aim of this project was to identify and prioritize a set of conditions to be considered for incorporating a health equity tool into public health practice. Concept mapping and focus groups were implemented as complementary methods to investigate the conditions of use of a health equity tool by public health organizations in Quebec. Using a hybrid integrated research design is a richer way to address the complexity of questions emerging from intervention and planning settings. This approach provides a deeper, operational, and contextualized understanding of research results involving different professional and organizational cultures, and thereby supports the decision-making process. Concept mapping served to identify and prioritize in a limited timeframe the conditions to be considered for incorporation into a health equity tool into public health practices. Focus groups then provided a more refined understanding of the barriers, issues, and facilitating factors surrounding the tools adoption, helped distinguish among participants’ perspectives based on functional roles and organizational contexts, and clarified some apparently contradictory results from the concept map. The combined use of these two techniques brought the strengths of each approach to bear, thereby overcoming some of the respective limitations of concept mapping and focus groups. This design is appropriate for investigating targets with multiple levels of complexity.