论墨子的语言观

墨家与儒家在先秦同为显学,墨子与孔子在经历、社会理想追求上都有惊人的相似之处,然而他们在治国之道、认识方法上面却有着巨大的差异。这种同和异也充分地表现在各自的语言观上。墨子对于语言的关注不单单是社会应用性的,还有基于语言本体的;其语言观的哲学理念是分析性的,往往采取同中辨异的方式,透现了可贵的科学内涵。墨子的语言观显示了我国最早对语言本体的研究和成就。     

Minimax strategies in survey sampling

The risk of a sampling strategy is a function on the parameter space, which is the set of all vectors composed of possible values of the variable of interest. It seems natural to ask for a minimax strategy, minimizing the maximal risk. So far answers have been provided for completely symmetric parameter spaces. Results available for more general spaces refer to sample size 1 or to large sample sizes allowing for asymptotic approximation. In the present paper we consider arbitrary sample sizes, derive a lower bound for the maximal risk under very weak conditions and obtain minimax strategies for a large class of parameter spaces. Our results do not apply to parameter spaces with strong deviations from symmetry. For such spaces a minimax strategy will prescribe to consider only a small number of samples and takes a non-random and purposive character, which is in accordance with the common practice of completely sampling a stratum of large units.     

An Empirical Comparison of Probabilistic Coalition Structure Theories in 3-Person Sidepayment Games

This article reports a comparative test of the central-union theory vis-à-vis several other game-theoretic solution concepts in 3-person sidepayment games. Based on a laboratory experiment, this comparison utilizes nine games in characteristic function form. The solution concepts under test include the equal excess model, the Myerson–Shapley solution, the kernel, and two variants of the central-union theory (CU-1 and CU-2). With regard to the player's payoffs, results show that the CU-1, CU-2, kernel, and equal excess theories have essentially equal predictive accuracy and that all of these are more accurate than Myerson–Shapley. When the solution concepts are extended and coalition structure probability predictions are incorporated in the test, one version of the central-union theory (CU-2) is overall more accurate than the other solutions.     

一类二维变系数非齐线性微分系统的通解公式

定理１给出一类二维变系数齐线性微分系统的通解公式，定理２再给出这类二维变系数非齐线性微分系统的特解公式。综合定理１与定理２即提供此类二维变系数非齐线性微分系统的通解公式。     

用不动点定理研究方程解的存在性

介绍常用的不动点定理,并给出它在方程中有关解的存在问题的应用实例.     

采用可能解空间改进遗传算法

引入可能解空间的概念,探讨了它在遗传算法约束条件处理改进中的应用.应用实例分析表明,改进的遗传算法可得到更优化的结果,并验证了在种群生成中采用改进约束条件处理的优势.工程实践也表明,采用可能解空间对遗传算法约束条件处理的改进,能大大减少随机试探次数,提高算法的运行效率.     

“苏南模式”城市化进程中的农村相对贫困问题

在区域经济整体繁荣的苏南地区 ,也存在明显的农村相对贫困问题 ,表现出就业类型的传统化 ,贫困线水平的高端化、贫富差距的扩大化、弱势群体的“赤贫化”等特点。认为“苏南模式”城市化自有的特点和不足 ,导致农民交换权利的不断恶化 ,是造成农村产生相对贫困的根本原因 ,并据此提出了相应的对策。     

板模型具积分边界条件的临界解的离散纵标逼近

研究一类非均匀介质 ,具积分边界条件的板几何迁移系统临界解的离散纵标逼近 .以泛函分析为工具 ,应用Ba nach空间上的总体列紧算子理论 ,证明了近似计算临界板厚度及其相应的非负本征函数的离散纵标方法的收敛性 .     

关于单纯形矩阵的信息

给出了从单纯形矩阵得到的LP有唯一最优解，无穷多最优解的信息，目标函数值的可行下降方向的信息。     

一类半线性抛物型方程组Cauchy问题平衡解的稳定性

本文应用强极值原理和上、下解方法证明了一类半线性方程组Cauchy问题平衡解的存在性和稳定性,精确化了文献[1]中关于反应项应满足的条件。