大学生心理危机产生原因及对策

在大学生中常见的心理危机有就业危机、学习危机、情感危机等,由于大学生心理危机呈现出突发性、紧急性、痛苦性、无助性、危险性等特点,导致其成为影响大学生的成长、成才的重要因素。本文分析了大学生心理危机产生的内、外部原因,阐述心理危机干预的三种基本模式即平衡模式、认知模式和心理转变模式,并据此提出大学生心理危机干预对策。     

未成年被害人转为犯罪人的原因及被害预防

我国未成年人犯罪形势严峻,已引起全社会的广泛重视。而未成年犯罪人有很大的比例是由被害人转化而来,这种转化令我们痛心,也应引起我们的高度重视。文章尝试探讨了未成年被害人向犯罪人转化的心理原因以及预防被害的措施,以期在犯罪预防上有一个不同的视点,防患与未然,减少未成年人的被害,从而减少未成年人的犯罪案件发生。     

Israel's military public diplomacy evolution: Historical and conceptual dimensions

This study provides an historical overview of the IDF Spokesperson’s Unit (ISU) from the early years of the State of Israel until 2009. Analyzing five periods during which the ISU played a key role in Israel's public diplomacy, this research sheds light on the challenges the ISU faced in different periods and circumstances and examines how the ISU tried to modify its methods and actions in response to geopolitical changes and media development, albeit not always successfully. The study suggests better understanding the adaptation process by applying a three-layer framework for analysis: the tactical layer, the strategic layer and the perceptional layer. The findings of this work demonstrate that in adapting to new circumstances, the ISU focused mainly on the tactical response level, with the result that it did not undertake any review or debate over the need for deeper perceptional changes in ISU policies.     

基于心理契约的民办高校辅导员管理策略研究

本文根据心理契约的内涵和特点,分析了目前在高校辅导员队伍中运用心理契约的必要性,同时提出了运用心理契约促进高校辅导员管理的对策。     

Living in the shadow of occupation: Life satisfaction and positive emotion as protective factors in a group of Palestinian school children

Starting from perspectives on functioning and wellbeing, the aim of the present study was to investigate positive and negative affect, self-perceived life satisfaction and happiness in a group of 74 Palestinian children exposed to political violence. We hypothesized that the children in our sample would display generally satisfactory wellbeing and good functioning in terms of positive affect, life satisfaction and happiness, despite their negative life conditions. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis of the dimensions of participants' wellbeing was carried out. In particular, we explored the ecological dimensions affecting the wellbeing of Palestinian children through content analysis of narratives produced by the group of participants. Positive emotions were found to contribute to wellbeing and life satisfaction in children, acting as protective factors in dealing with daily violence. The children displayed a range of personal resources facilitated above all by the functioning community structure supporting them. Implications for clinical intervention are discussed.     

Mitigating the Impact of Functional Dominance in Cross‐Functional Process Improvement Teams

Manufacturing process improvement teams often draw upon cross‐functional expertise. However, teams dominated by a single or few functions often do not achieve the desired interdisciplinary learning and cooperation, which in turn could negatively affect the performance of that cross‐functional team. Through an empirical analysis of 149 manufacturing process improvement teams in six SIC industrial categories, we show that even after controlling for several factors such as team size, number of functions, gender diversity, ethnicity, number of management levels, and geographic dispersion of team members, psychological safety of work environment fully mediates the relationship between functional dominance and team performance. We also confirm that a team leader possessing high interpersonal justice mitigates the deficiency of dominated teams and improves team performance by fostering a psychologically safe work environment. Our recommendation therefore is that when a dominated team is unavoidable due to the needed skill sets or other organizational considerations, to ensure success it is imperative that the firm chooses a team leader who can promote psychological safety by being just, and who can effectively encourage input from all functional team members and give them objective feedback.     

约翰·穆勒的心理主义辨析

约翰·穆勒的逻辑哲学一直被当作心理主义的主要代表.但是近些年来,西方哲学界越来越多的学者指出,穆勒的观点和立场实际遭受了误读.事实上,只要更仔细地研读穆勒本人的经典文本,我们就不难发现,穆勒对自己的心理主义做了严格的限定:他一方面断言,作为一项技艺的逻辑学从作为一门科学的逻辑学那里获得全部的理论基础,而作为科学的逻辑学广义上乃是心理学的一部分;另一方面他又断言逻辑学可以从心理学那里获得理论构造方面的启示.但是他并未一般地主张逻辑学必须从心理学那里寻求理论奠基.     

会话幽默的心理机制和认知基础

本文首先分析了会话幽默中降格和升格两种心理预设机制 ,进而从语言变异的角度举例说明了其最为常见的语言表现形式 ,最后从范畴化和概念化的角度分析了会话幽默的认知基础     

生育政策调整及其风险规避

现行生育政策对遏制中国人口过快增长作出了历史性贡献,但是政策本身具有阶段性和局限性,不宜长期实行,否则会因下一代人口的过快衰减而影响家庭、社会甚至国防安全。为了让公民满足在生育上的刚性需求和实现平等的生育权利以及降低政策的负面影响,建议将现行生育政策调整为全国统一的“补偿一孩,允许二孩,控制三孩”,并将这一政策延续到2033年前后。调整生育政策可能会出现生育率波动、推迟和抬高人口峰值、计划生育工作滑坡、独生子女家庭总负担加重、人口与资源生态环境关系更加紧张等风险,需要切实规避。     

陈寅恪的“旧巢痕”

《寒柳堂记梦未定稿》可谓是中国现代文学中一篇至痛至哀之文 ,而陈寅恪寄寓其中的历史之感与家国之情均由“旧巢痕”而起 ,这便在一定程度上构成了精神分析学意义上的创作“心理原型”。因而 ,对此“旧巢痕”意象加以详细审视和追究 ,似可找到陈氏之诗的根源所在。陈氏之“旧巢痕”一语 ,大致有远、近二源。其远源始于北宋著名诗人苏轼 ,其近源则见诸乃父散原先生 190 1年所作《书感》一诗。而其深层含义 ,则宜解读为那个直接生产了中国旧日世家的传统社会结构和文化制度之彻底崩溃。