Sexuality,Boundaries, Professional Ethics,and Clinical Practice

Abstract

Gay male therapists often practice in milieus where it is virtually impossible not to have contacts with clients outside of the therapy room. The necessity of maintaining appropriate boundaries can be strained when client-therapist contacts occur in situations that are overtly or even potentially sexual. This Practice Note addresses professional challenges and various approaches to these situations while maintaining necessary therapeutic appropriateness.     

Against all odds? Exploring the role of game outcome uncertainty in season ticket holders’ stadium attendance demand

In this study we investigate the important but rather ambiguous role of game outcome uncertainty (GOU) in consumers’ demand for professional sports. Specifically, using a unique and strongly balanced panel data set containing information on individual physical attendance from 13,892 season ticket holders (STHs) of a German professional football club, we find evidence for a positive effect of GOU on two differing spectator decisions – both the decision to physically attend a game in the stadium and the decision on what time to enter the stadium, an aspect which has so far been neglected in the literature. Moreover, GOU seems to play an especially important role in the decision-making of one particular group: STHs with comparatively high coordination costs.     

地方政府公司化的运作逻辑与后果

地方政府公司化是我国地方政府行为的形象解释。地方政府公司化面临经济资源配置不当、政府职能承担越位与缺位并存,从而加剧民众对社会矛盾、官员腐败、环境恶化等社会问题的批评。本文在探讨地方政府公司化运作逻辑的基础上,综合归纳对地方政府公司化的主要批评类型,并对批评的合理性进行再审视。     

Lay representations of workplace stress: What do people really mean when they say they are stressed?

An individual's beliefs in relation to stress are likely to affect their perceptions, and hence their work-related actions (such as absenteeism). In this paper, lay representations of work stress were investigated utilising semi-structured interviews with 45 individuals from a range of occupations. The meaning of occupational stress, its antecedents and outcomes, and ways by which it may be managed were examined. Dominant factors were established through the use of thematic content analysis. Similarities and differences were found between lay and professional discourses on work stress. Results indicate that lay representations of occupational stress are multi-faceted. Little consensus was found in how participants interpreted the concept: a diverse range of personal, environmental, and societal factors was highlighted. A different (and arguably more complex) range of definitions of job stress and the manner in which it impacts on individuals was revealed than has been reported in previous studies. The causes of stress at work were perceived as being predominantly organisational, but the impact of stress on the employee was more salient than organisational outcomes. Paradoxically, secondary and tertiary stress management techniques were thought to be more effective than interventions designed to prevent stress at work. Interviewees with line management responsibility were more likely to emphasise individual responsibility for managing stress, most others maintained that the individual and the organisation are equally responsible. The potential value of examining lay representations of job stress to the discipline of Occupational Health Psychology is discussed and suggestions for future research are made.     

Working in collaboration—a therapeutic intervention for abused children

In this article we report and reflect upon a service offered in one locality of the UK to children who have been abused. The evaluation shows the value of close working relationships between agencies, and the very positive way that such interventions are viewed by the children and those involved with their care. It is also evident that an eclectic style of therapeutic work is able to produce improvement in aspects of the children's behaviour, most particularly in the area of family life and relationships. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Families on the brink: the effectiveness of family support services

This paper presents findings from a study of the costs and effectiveness of family support services offered to 40 families with a high level of need, in two neighbouring local authorities in North Wales. It describes the level and type of services offered by different agencies in each of the authorities, estimates the costs of these services, and assesses outcomes for the families receiving them after three months. Information is also provided about families’ experience of the support they received, and the kind of help they would have liked. Parents’ well‐being and family functioning were found to improve over the intervention period in both authorities, although only to a limited extent. Improvements were greater among those who were living with partners, and less among families identified by social workers as having financial difficulties or problems with drug or alcohol abuse. Respondents who rated their problems as very severe showed less improvement. The pattern of service provision and the costs involved turned out to be similar in both authorities, so it was not possible to reach conclusions about the relationship between services and outcomes. However, a number of themes emerging from the data are discussed, including the role of day care services in supporting families with young children, the impact of poverty and deprivation on parents’ ability to provide good care for their children, and the importance of an interagency response to children's and parents’ needs. The article also includes a discussion of problems encountered in undertaking comparative outcomes‐based research and cost‐effectiveness analyses in the social welfare field.     

Treatment for Children with Trauma-Attachment Disorders: Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy

Children with histories of maltreatment are at significant risk of developing severe psychiatric problems. Treatment of such children is difficult and there are no empirical studies evaluating the effectiveness of outpatient treatment for children with trauma-attachment disorders. The present study examines the effectiveness of Dyadic Developmental Therapy, a treatment based on attachment theory, provided by one therapist in an outpatient setting. The 64 subjects all had trauma-attachment disorders, met the DSM-IV criteria for Reactive Attachment Disorder, and had histories of serious maltreatment. The 34 children in the treatment group were treated in weekly outpatient therapy at The Center For Family Development with Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy. The 30 children in the control group were evaluated but did not received Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy and received treatment from other providers at other clinics. Eligible subjects were children between the ages of five and seventeen years whose case had been closed in 2000 or 2001. All children had significant past histories of abuse, neglect, or orphanage care. Findings for children in the treatment group, as measured by the Achenback and Randolph Attachment Disorder Questionnaire, were significant decreases (p<.01) in symptoms of attachment disorder, withdrawn behaviors, anxiety and depression, social problems, thought problems, attention problems, rule-breaking behaviors, and aggressive behaviors. The findings for children in the control group showed no changes in the variables measured. Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy appears to be an effective treatment for children with trauma-attachment disorders.The author would like to gratefully acknowledge Ms. Geraldine Gallucci, a master’s level social work intern, who was placed with The Center For Family Development. Ms. Gallucci ensured that the follow-up questionnaires were mailed to the families and returned to the agency.Arthur Becker-Weidmann is affiliated with Center for Family Development, Williamsville, USA.     

从社会认知职业理论视角探讨职业结果预期对职业兴趣的影响

以海南310名旅游管理专业四年级本科生为研究样本,从社会认知职业理论(简称SCCT理论)的视角,实证检验了其对旅游职业所抱有的兴趣变量(因变量)与其对选择旅游职业所做出的8个结果预期(自变量)之间的因果关系。研究结果不但佐证了SCCT理论就职业兴趣和职业结果预期之关系所做出的理论假设,而且还拓宽了该理论假设在旅游人力资源领域的适用范围。     

权威类型、决策程序对高层管理团队决策结果影响的实验研究

随着企业管理环境的复杂多变,高层管理团队中客观存在的各种类型的权威将会对决策的结果起到怎样的作用,已成为企业重大决策非常关注的科学问题.本文利用200多名MBA学生开展了权威类型、决策程序对高层管理团队决策结果影响的实验研究,结果表明有知识权威和复合权威的团队能够明显提高高层决策结果的质量,引导组织决策得到满意、认可的决策方案,同时权威采取的决策程序对于结果的一致性也会有一定的影响等,其研究结论将为高层管理团队的组成和决策效率的提高提供有益的参考.