基于政府补贴分析的绿色供应链管理博弈模型

建立了绿色供应链管理中考虑产品绿色度和政府补贴分析的三阶段博弈模型:第一阶段为政府选择单位产品补贴系数,第二阶段为采取不同绿色供应链管理战略的最终产品生产商确定各自的产品绿色度水平,第三阶段为采取不同绿色供应链管理战略的最终产品生产商确定各自产品的价格.通过数值仿真讨论了各种参数变化带来的影响,所得结论对于绿色供应链管...     

京津冀协同发展视域下河北省养老服务面临挑战及发展建议

河北省人口老龄化高于全国平均水平,其养老服务面临资金瓶颈、医养结合存在现实障碍、养老服务人才短缺、养老服务供需矛盾突出方面的挑战。为此,政府应该加大财政补贴并拓宽投融资渠道、发展医养护结合模式以方便老年人养老与就医、加大养老服务护理、管理和评估人才培养力度、建立以居家社区养老为重点的养老服务体系。     

农业补贴的历史与理论探析

对农业补贴的历史进行了回顾,探讨了支持农业补贴的主要理论依据,包括公共财政理论、非均衡理论、土地资源价值全面实现论以及农业的弱质性理论和农业多功能理论。借鉴国际经验,结合中国特点,认为我国迫切需要加大农业补贴力度,增加农民收入,调动农民发展农业的积极性;在WTO规则下完善补贴体系,不断优化农业发展环境和提高农业的可持续发展能力;充分发挥农业的多功能性,促进农业的经济、生态、社会功能协调发展。     

农业补贴的制度变迁与政策匹配

我国农业补贴的政策取向可分为三个阶段,即工业化起步阶段的农业负保护政策、工业化进入快速发展时期的农业取予平衡政策,以及工业化中期阶段农业政策的全面转型。农业负保护政策主要通过工农产品价格剪刀差和农业征税实现;对负保护政策的调整,以提高农产品收购价格、实行农产品价格支持以及增加财政支农投入为标志;新世纪以来全面取消农业税,探索实施农产品价格支持措施和直接补贴政策等,则意味着我国已初步建立农业补贴制度的基本框架。     

Preventive Benefits of U.S. Childcare Subsidies in Supervisory Child Neglect

Using data from age 3 of the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, the current study explores the complex relationships between U.S. childcare subsidies and neglect. Specifically, the study examines two research questions: (i) Are U.S. childcare subsidies associated with self‐reported neglect among low‐income mothers? (ii) What individual types of self‐reported neglect are significantly reduced by receipt of childcare subsidy? Using negative binomial regression examining the relationships among mothers who were income‐eligible for childcare subsidy, we found that childcare subsidy was associated with lower levels of supervisory neglect, indicating an important role of subsidy in the lives of low‐income families.     

土地租金销蚀了粮食补贴的“稳粮”效果吗？

尽管近年来政府不断加大粮食补贴力度,但种粮成本不断攀升,尤其土地流转租金明显跟涨,影响农民种粮积极性。农业补贴存在资本化为地租的倾向可能是推动土地成本上升的原因之一。鉴于此,基于2010-2020年玉米生产省级面板数据,采用事件研究法分析玉米生产者补贴的动态效应,以明晰粮食补贴的资本化效应对补贴“稳粮”效果的影响。研究结果表明：玉米生产者补贴导致下年土地流转租金增加了5.7元/亩,并进一步证实了补贴资本化为地租一定程度上削弱了生产者补贴应有的政策效果。若切断粮食补贴与土地流转租金之间的联动关系,生产者补贴稳定种粮面积的正向效果将进一步增强,其削减生产投入的负向影响将进一步减弱。由此提出未来粮食支持政策应进一步优化增量补贴方式,规避其与地租的联动关系,从生产技术模式结合、新型经营体系对接的角度,提高补贴精度和支持效率。     

‘What the country wanted’: The houses of parliament,the press and the origins of media management in Britain,c. 1780–1900

This paper considers a topic that has received scant attention in the historiography of public relations: official attempts to manage the press in Britain in the Houses of Parliament in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Existing accounts of the emergence of government public relations in the UK have tended to focus on the civil service in the first half of the twentieth century, but this article sheds light on a series of earlier developments, including the allocation of seats for reporters in the viewing gallery of the Commons in 1803, the construction of dedicated Reporters’ Galleries in both parliamentary chambers in 1847–52 and the creation of a Westminster Lobby in 1884. Taken together, these reforms improved journalists’ access to parliament in an era in which direct governmental control over newspapers lapsed. Yet, they also allowed politicians to influence media commentary by determining who was permitted access to parliament and what type of content made its way into print. A case can thus be made that Westminster, not Whitehall, played host to the earliest official attempts to manage the media in Britain, and this has important repercussions for current understandings of public relations history.     

中国农业补贴反补贴法律制度的问题、挑战与完善

中国现有农业补贴反补贴立法存在缺乏农业基本法对补贴的明确支持、与WTO农业补贴规则的衔接不够、缺乏农业补贴具体实施制度支撑、农业反补贴立法缺位等问题。同时,随着农产品市场的开放,又面临着增强农业基础性地位、重新确定补贴目标与补贴动机、应对进口农产品补贴等现实挑战。中国农业补贴与反补贴法律制度必须充实农业生产经营(服务)主体、明确农业补贴范围、突出农业补贴重点、强化农业反补贴、完善重要配套制度,以促进农业可持续发展和保障农业安全。