1，4-二[5-（4-羟基苯基）-1，3，4-噁二唑-2-基]苯的合成及其光谱特征

通过酰氯化、二酰肼化和脱水关环反应，合成1，4-二[5-（4-羟基苯基）-1，3，4-噁二唑-2-基]苯，关环反应产率达到78．9％，产物结构经核磁氢谱得到了表征．探讨了反应条件对合成噁二唑衍生物的影响，研究了它们的紫外吸收和光致发光性能．研究结果表明：目标化合物具有强烈的紫外吸收和光致发光性能，其最大紫外吸收波长在286．8nm，最大荧光发射波长在375nm．作为电致磷光中间体的对称2,5-二苯基-1，3，4-噁二唑中引入羟基对，进-步连接其它功能基合成新型的有机环金属电致磷光材料具有重要的意义．     

“正史”宦者列传的宦官意识略论

司马迁所创立的《佞幸列传》含佞臣、外戚、宦官三者,后代正史在此基础上有合有分,但总的体例类分原则仍循迁制。史臣多从儒家伦理和以史为鉴的理念评定宦官的所作所为,总的倾向是负面的,但也受宦者本身的历史形象和史家所处情势而有所演变,并非一概贬抑。     

Capturing change: Doing research in a society undergoing transformation

Systematic review and synthesis methods have gained wide acceptance within the social sciences and, as a result, many postgraduate students now consider using them for their thesis or dissertation research. However, students are rarely aware of all the concrete implications that their decision entails. This reflective narrative reports the experience of a political science student who began to conduct a systematic review as part of his Ph.D. dissertation but who did not complete it. The aim of this article is to identify challenges and lessons learned from this experience and to formulate recommendations for postgraduate students who wish to make an informed choice with respect to the use of these methods.     

“We believe in you,like really believe in you”: Initiating a realist study of (re)engagement initiatives for youth not in employment,education or training with experiences from northern Sweden

Due to a scarcity of rigorous evaluations and to commence a realist study addressing the lack of knowledge about the workings of interventions directed towards "NEET" youth, this research aimed to understand how and under what circumstances (re)engagement initiatives are expected to facilitate the social integration of young people who are in a situation that prevents them from entering into studies or work. By conducting the first phase in realist evaluation, qualitative interviews with five managerial stakeholders from two northern Swedish initiatives and reviews of documents were carried out for data collection. Using thematic analysis and retroductive reasoning, an intervention-context-actors-mechanisms-outcomes configuration was developed to elicit an initial programme theory that explained how the initiatives were presumed to operate and under what contextual contingencies. The results indicate that the intervention is expected to improve the youths’ wellbeing and engage them in work or studies by strengthening their competence and confidence in a caring and collaborative context. To incorporate the diverse voices and heterogeneous experiences of youth themselves, and ascertain whether the intervention works as intended, for whom, in what conditions and why, the results now need to be tested in selected cases and refined in subsequent phases of evaluation research.     

层状氧化锰的制备及其表征

本文在强碱性反应条件下,以O2氧化Mn（OH）2合成了锰氧化物,利用XRD和FT-1R表征技术考查了氧气通量、溶液除氧预处理、干燥方式、反应时间、锰原料种类、样品再处理等因素对所合成氧化锰结构的影响．研究结果表明,氧气通量是合成层状氧化锰的关键影响因素,其它因素虽然对层状氧化锰的结晶度和晶粒大小有一定的影响,但不影响层状氧化锰晶体结构的生成．只要O2的通入速度大于5L／min,就能得到布塞尔矿（Buserite）结构的层状结构氧化锰,干燥后转化为水钠锰矿（Binessite）结构的层状结构氧化锰．     

模糊层次分析法在博士生招生计划分配中的应用研究

采用基于信息合成的模糊层次分析方法,以中国矿业大学博士生招生指标分配问题为背景,将层次分析法中判断矩阵进行优化,运用多个专家的判断矩阵信息进行合成,建立相应的数学模型。该方法能较好地解决博士生招生计划编制中名额分配问题,实现博士研究生招生计划的科学分配和博士生资源的优化配置,但也存在有待完善之处。     

译者心理因素与翻译变体探讨

译者心理因素的不同，可能导致译文的差异，产生翻译变体。翻译变体是一种普遍存在的现象，造成翻译变体的心理因素具体可从译期心理过程中的理解、表达、修改三个阶段来阐释。可以是理解阶段的感觉、知觉、思维差异等方面的原因；也可以是表达阶段的遣词造句的性情、翻译习惯模式、灵感的突现等方面的心理原因；还可以是在修改阶段对初译的理解或表达不一致而重新翻译等原因，从而最终阐明了译者心理过程的不同是造成翻译变体的决定性因素。     

甲骨文与原始楔形文字新造合体字构字比较

甲骨文和原始楔文都不同程度地反映了早期文字发展的某些特征,二者具有较强的可比性。在造字机制理论基础上,通过比较甲骨文和原始楔文新造合体字构字的组合方式,可以发现二者的共性和个性。原始楔文组合方式除与甲骨文共有的义义组合、义音组合、音音组合外,还有一种特殊的组合。这些组合方式对新造合体字符也会产生一定的影响。     

Using Online Databases to Guide Practice and Research

Abstract

As tools for human service practitioners and researchers, online databases to locate evaluation literature are becoming increasingly useful. This article uses a clinical problem (concern about the effectiveness of electroconvuisive shock therapy for depressed persons), and a researcher's problem (planning a study to evaluate group treatment for child abusers), to illustrate logic of online searches for evaluation literature. New techniques for synthesizing many studies may require sweeping changes in how abstracts are formulated for bibliographic databases. Study synthesis techniques suggest ways to code studies to describe treatment method, client type, outcome measures, indices of study quality, and indices of treatment effect size. By replacing abstracts with such coded information, evaluation studies could be synthesized continuously for their program and policy implications.     

G函数与经济学理论核心的深化

回顾经济学理论核心的发展历程,描述经济学基础理论不断深化的历史,目的在于显示经济学的基本目标和基本着眼点,以便阐述现代经济学研究的实质。事实表明,经济学的理论核心是经过不断的科学探索才发现和不断深化的。生产经济学是这个发现和深化的基础领域,从生产函数到利润函数的探索是这个发现和深化的基本脉络。聚焦于这个领域,解释这个脉络,是认识经济学理论核心深化过程的最主要途径。