当前经济欠发达地区村级组织运转经费问题探讨——以苏北H镇为例

当前经济欠发达地区村级组织运转存在着严重的经费匮乏问题。这一问题的出现,与农村经济发展的现实有关,与村级组织的管理体制有关,与农村税费改革制度有关,也与“城乡分割”的二元体制有关。在此基础之上,本文提出可以从深化并完善农村税费改革制度、发展村级经济、严格规范各项收支、合理划分镇村事权、加大国家财政对农村的投入等方面做出努力,缓解和改善村级组织运转经费匮乏问题。     

改革开放 40 年来农村集体经济的变迁和未来发展

改革开放 40 年以来,农村集体经济发展的框架体系和发展模式纷繁复杂,城乡关系的变动塑造了集体经济发展的制度环境、资源条件和发展空间。 文章从中国独特的土地制度和集体经济发展重要政策的视角,以城乡关系的四个发展阶段对比,分析集体经济的发展轨迹。 集体经济的发展也经历了四个阶段,并在每一阶段都具有各自的形式与特征。 2012 年至今的新发展阶段,集体经济再发展的制度和政策基础逐步具备,未来发展需要进一步进行制度和组织创新。     

问题式学习对社会工作专业课程教学改革的启示——以个案工作课程为例

问题式学习教学模式以建构主义为基础,认为学生是知识意义的主动建构者,教师只是意义建构的帮助者和促进者。这一基本理念与社会工作"助人自助"核心理念,以及社会工作强调案主与工作者平等专业关系的要求具有诸多共通之处。通过对问题式个案工作课程的教学设计,学生不仅收获了专业理论与专业知识,更是通过问题式学习过程深化了专家价值观的认同,以及对社会工作实务开展具体过程的理解。     

Extending social security coverage to the rural sector in China

In late 2009 China launched an innovative, voluntary programme that by 2011 had extended pension coverage to 326.4 million people in the rural sector, including contributors and beneficiaries. It requires one contribution per year and provides a flat‐rate benefit and a contributions‐related benefit through a contributory individual account, with a government guarantee that the benefit will continue for life. The programme encourages participation of persons who do not pay income taxes, and thus have no tax incentive to participate, by providing substantial government subsidies. As a further incentive, old‐age benefits are provided to older parents when all their adult children participate in the contributory programme.     

Changing perceived importance of religion in mainland China, 1990–2012: An age-period- cohort analysis

The comprehensive social reform and relaxation of religious regulation in mainland China have encouraged scholars to propose a revival thesis of religion, predicting a rising prevalence of religious adherence in the Reform Era. This study extends the revival thesis by focusing attention on people's subjective religiosity, and investigates age, period, and cohort effects on the transition in perceived importance of religion from 1990 to 2012. Capitalizing on the repeated cross-sectional data of the China sample in the World Values Survey, this study shows that (1) The senior population, relative to the younger counterpart, attaches greater importance to religion. (2) The net period effect suggests that Chinese citizens' perceived importance of religion follows an upward trend by the early 2000s, but no significant growth is detected henceforward. (3) The cohorts who experienced the anti-religion Mao's Era in their adolescent life course stage have an evidently lower probability of viewing religion to be important, in relation to the cohorts of the Reform Era. Theoretical implications of the empirical age-period-cohort patterns for the religious economies theory and change of Chinese religious landscape are discussed.     

改革开放以来我国慈善经济发展中存在的问题及反思

慈善捐赠是一个社会文明程度的重要标志。新中国成立以来,特别是近十多年来,我国慈善经济的发展取得了巨大成就。但总体看来,我国目前慈善捐赠状况不尽人意,仍存在种种问题。文章通过简单的建模和计量分析,对我国慈善经济与经济发展之间的相互关系进行了反思。     

“三全育人”理论支持下大学生思想政治教育的实施与改革

为全面提升大学生的思想政治境界,打造更为和谐的高校教育氛围,在"三全育人"理论支持下提出大学生思想政治教育的实施与改革方法。在价值模式含义的基础上,根据特征理论依据,确定运作机制的具体内涵价值,完成高校"三全育人"模式的运作机制研究。并通过分析突出问题的方式,对问题产生原因进行简述,完成大学生思想政治教育的实施现状审视。再从人才培养目标建立、思政学科建设、教育队伍打造三方面,对教育改革具体策略进行完善,实现"三全育人"理论支持下大学生思想政治教育的实施与改革。     

深入推进课程改革全面提高教学质量

搞好课程改革必须建立一支科研型的教师队伍,加强管理,建立保障机制、评价体系;必须改革教学方法,树立正确的教师观和学生观.     

全国普通高等学校美术学(教师教育)本科专业课程设置指导方案(试行)探讨

通过学习《全国普通高等学校美术学(教师教育)本科专业课程设置指导方案》(试行),认为“方案”中新的课程设置是从精英教育向大众教育模式转型的一大改革,对学校和教师提出了全方位的、高标准的、全新的要求。     

Reinvigorating the social contract and strengthening social cohesion: Social protection responses to COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the vulnerability of those who are inadequately covered by social protection in more and less developed countries alike, and has exacerbated the fragility of a social contract that was already under strain in many countries. A weak social contract in the context of an exceptional crisis poses a very real risk to social cohesion. Nevertheless, many States have reasserted themselves as the guarantor of rights by protecting public health and incomes. By sustaining these measures, economic recovery will be supported which will help minimize risks that may weaken social cohesion. However, this is a fast-moving, inherently unstable and protracted crisis. Social protection stands at a critical juncture. Decisive policy action will be required to strengthen social protection systems, including floors, as one of the cornerstones of a reinvigorated social contract.