城市社区认同感的培育——对南通市崇川区学田街道的调查分析

城市社区为满足社区居民的需求而建立,凝结着社区居民各方面的利益。居民本应具有较强的社区认同感,然而当前城市社区认同感的缺失却日益严重。通过对南通市崇川区学田街道的实证调查,本文认为培育城市社区认同感,既要加强城市社区文化建设,主要包括社区服务文化建设和社区管理文化建设;同时需要鼓励、支持和动员居民参加社区建设。     

义乌市外来建设者社区公共事务参与状况调查研究——对浙江省义乌市一项问卷调查分析

社区的发展离不开社区居民积极而广泛的参与,社区居民公共事务参与程度的高低是衡量社区建设成功与否的重要标志。义乌市作为一个国际化商贸城市,越来越多的外来人口和外国人生活在义乌。义乌外来建设者社区公共事务参与的状况如何,分析这种状况的原因并提出相应的对策,有利于社区资源整合,有利于义乌社区整体水平的提高。     

Governance and Participation in Local Welfare: The Case of the Italian Piani di Zona

This article analyses four cases of governance in Italian local welfare systems. Following Law 328/2000, the design and management of the social services system in Italy involve different public responsibility levels, mainly regional and municipal. In order to manage social policies, Italian municipalities have to join in new inter‐municipal groupings called ‘Piani di Zona’ (Area Plans). Moreover, the law provides for engaging in these Plans even local third‐sector organizations and citizens. The article attempts to highlight the implications of this complex system that is leading local authorities to open new governance arenas. We hereby present the results of a research project on two Piani di Zona in the Region of Lombardy (Northern Italy) and on two in the Region of Campania (Southern Italy), carried out by means of institutional analysis. We particularly focus on the dynamics of participation triggered by the Piani di Zona. Our hypothesis is that the role of public administration is a fundamental variable to understand the different ways of participating. In this sense, we discuss the dynamics of local governance by relaying them to four main questions: who participates in what, where and how?     

Income inequality and participation: A comparison of 24 European countries

Previous research suggests that when there is a high level of inequality, there is a low rate of participation. Two arguments are generally offered: First, inequality depresses participation because people from different status groups have fewer opportunities to share common goals. Second, people may participate more in civic and social life when they have more resources. However, until now, these explanations have not been separated empirically. Using EU-SILC data for 24 European countries, we analyze how income inequality is related to civic and social participation. Our results indicate that the main effects of inequality manifest via resources at the individual and societal level. However, independent of these resources, higher inequality is associated with lower civic participation. Furthermore, inequality magnifies the relationship between income and participation. This finding is in line with the view that inter-individual processes explain why inequality diminishes participation.     

Tamworth, Australia's ‘country music capital’: place marketing, rurality, and resident reactions

Since the 1970s, Tamworth has become well known as Australia's ‘country music capital’. Its annual Country and Western Music Festival has become the leading event of its type in Australia, attracting over 60,000 visitors every year. The festival, and country music more generally, have become central to the town's identity and tourism marketing strategies. This article discusses the social constructions that have surrounded Tamworth's transition to ‘country music capital’—of the ‘rural’, and of ‘country’—within the context of debates about the politics of place marketing. Textual analysis of promotional material and built landscapes reveals representations of rurality (or ‘senses of the rural’). In their most commercial form, representations of rurality converge on a dominant notion of ‘country’, quite different from the ‘countryside’ and ‘rural idyll’ in England. This dominant, or normative ‘country’ forms the basis of imagery for the festival, the Town's marketing strategy, and associated advertising campaigns by major sponsors. It is predominantly masculine, white, working class and nationalist. But links between musical style and discourses of place are complex. Colonial British histories, Celtic musical traditions and North American popular culture all inform ‘country’ in Tamworth, dissipating nationalist interpretations. Normative constructions also contrast with other, heterogeneous ruralities in Australia, that include the lived experiences of rural Australians, and on stage—in country music—where multiple ‘ruralised’ identities are performed. Even those who stand to benefit from place promotion have been uncertain about country music and ‘the country’, because of associated discourses of Tamworth as ‘hick’ and ‘redneck’. In the final section of the paper, reactions of residents to constructions of Tamworth as country music capital are discussed, via the results of a simple resident survey. In contrast to previous studies of the disempowering politics of place marketing, Tamworth residents were on the whole supportive of the new associations and images for the town, despite ‘hick’ connotations, as it has become a centre for ‘country’, and for country music. Reasons for this are explored, and resistances discussed. The result is a complex and entangled politics of national identity, gender, race and class, where meanings for place are variously interpreted and negotiated.     

论左联的亚政治文化特质

20世纪30年代文学群体的亚政治文化特征鲜明,左翼文学群体政治化倾向最显著,具有其他群体所不具备的特质左联因党派性形成强烈的政治对抗而独标一帜,左联成员的民众意识取代强烈的民主参与意识,左联的处境使它显示出更显著的、近乎本能的对外排他性和对内强制性.左联是30年代文学群体亚政治文化性的突出代表.     

分权治理与地方政府责任研究述评

地方政府责任和治理是世界各国政府分权改革中的一个基本问题.早期财政联邦制理论将分权引入政府公共支出的分析,维持市场的财政联邦制理论则考虑了政府组织结构与激励问题,结合分权和治理两个维度,带来了地方政府、财政激励与经济发展关系的理解.近来的研究进一步表明不同的政治体制下地方政府责任机制和治理结构的差异,同时发展中国家分权治理的实践表明,既定的不同政治体制下,公民参与是强化地方政府责任的一种重要机制,参与式预算就是其中“自下而上”的重要责任机制,对中国政治集权经济分权下地方政府治理具有一定的作用.     

中国新股异常现象的行为解释

 我们采用1996年至2009年上市的899新股为样本检验了投资者参与程度与新股市场表现之间的关系。我们发现新股上市首日收益率和投资者参与程度的正相关,与基于Rock（1986）和Welch（1992）的理性参与模型、基于Ellul和Pagano（2006）的流动性参与假说、和基于Miller（1977）的价格泡沫假说都是一致的。但是进一步的研究表明新股长期表现和新股首日收益率的负相关,这一结果只和价格泡沫假说是一致的。我们的实证结果表明中国新股上市首日观察到的高收益率的主要原因不太可能是发行公司有意的折价行为,而更有可能是过多的新股投资者导致新股短期均衡价格偏离基本面价值,这种价格的偏离在长期得到了纠正。     

网民留言中的“参与性、归属感与自由感：10省留言数据分析

根据对10省份近千网民留言的内容分析,发现各地网民在对公共事务的参与性上存在明显差异.更具参与性的留言关注领域也更加宏观和多元,一方面这些留言更加重视制度建设;另一方面,对少数群体权益的保护也在高参与性留言中得到体现.在申诉策略上,参与性留言显示出对话的平等性与建设性,也更具结构性和逻辑性,显示出参与式留言者的群体特征.基于民众与公共机构间关系的政治文化框架中,参与性留言体现了一种基于责任感和属地感情的更深厚的信任关系.     

公共文化发展的社会推动力研究——以浙东南地区为例

囿于经济发展水平及文化体制因素,我国文化事业的投入总量不足,投入主体较少,亟需社会力量的介入。当前参与文化事业建设的社会力量主体为企业、社会文艺组织和公民个体。他们在社会责任感、兴趣爱好、个体文化需求、受他人请托等内驱力以及文化政策引导、潜在利益吸引、文化氛围影响及优秀典型示范等外推力的影响下,积极参与文化事业发展,并取得了良好的经济、社会效益。要进一步引导社会力量对文化事业的参与,需要不断完善相关政策机制、培育社会文艺组织以及提升民众的文化自觉。