行政征收征用之公共利益的界定--在现行宪法语境下的思考

征收征用是现代行政的重要手段,而公共利益又是行政征收征用制度的核心,但由于这一概念的内涵的不确定性,从而使之成为侵犯公民合法权益的绝佳理由。因此,公共利益在宪法层面上的明确界定不仅具有理论上的意义,而且具有重要的现实意义。     

Status inconsistency in groups: How discrepancies between instrumental and expressive status result in symptoms of stress

This study examines whether a mismatch between the positions that individuals hold in different status hierarchies results in symptoms of stress. Prior research has focused on inconsistencies between socioeconomic status dimensions (e.g., education and income) and did not find a significant relation between status inconsistency and stress. In this paper, we build on research on role differentiation and propose to study the effect of inconsistencies between instrumental status and expressive status in group contexts. We hypothesize that people with an inconsistency between these status dimensions experience feelings of uncertainty and frustration in their interactions with others and this manifests in stress-related symptoms. We test this hypothesis with data collected in a medium-sized Dutch childcare organization (N = 93). Polynomial regression analysis, visualized in response surface plots, suggests that status inconsistent employees report higher levels of stress.     

浅析城市低龄男性老人的角色转换和家庭再融入

在我国,男性长期以来无论是在家庭中还是社会生活中一直都扮演着支柱的角色,展现以强者的姿态。然而,不能忽视的是男性较之于女性在人生各个时期所要承受的更多更大的压力。本文以城市低龄男性老人为研究对象,通过对其社会角色转换的描述和分析展现出低龄男性老人所面临的问题和困境,并进一步讨论了他们的社会参与问题,尤其是家庭再融入。     

浅析城市低龄男性老人的角色转换和家庭再融入

在我国,男性长期以来无论是在家庭中还是社会生活中一直都扮演着"支柱"的角色,展现以强者的姿态。然而,不能忽视的是男性较之于女性在人生各个时期所要承受的更多更大的压力。本文以城市低龄男性老人为研究对象,通过对其社会角色转换的描述和分析展现出低龄男性老人所面临的问题和困境,并进一步讨论了他们的社会参与问题,尤其是家庭再融入。     

角色理论视野下医院志愿者发展定位剖析

角色理论通过对角色行为改变和及其原因的研究,解释人类社会行为的改变。在角色理论分析的视野中,医院志愿者属于自致角色、规定性角色、表现性角色,从而决定了其规范性、无偿性、非功利性特征。在角色采择和角色扮演过程中,个人只有具备相应的认知能力和自知能力,并衍生成为合格的角色技能,持有正确的角色期待,方能顺利完成医院志愿者角色行为。为防止和纠正志愿者对于自身归属医方还是患方产生困惑、不了解志愿服务内容、对志愿服务产生负担思想、作出不称职行为等角色失调情况,可通过正确定位医院志愿者角色、清晰明确医院志愿者角色行为标准、合理安排志愿服务日程、及时疏导志愿者负面情绪、建立医院志愿者激励机制、提升志愿者自我价值认知等途径以完善医院志愿者角色塑造,充分发挥角色功效。     

社会工作实习联合督导浅析

社会工作实习联合督导是由社工院系与与专业机构或社区共同为学生提供集中实习训练和实习的督导制度,在美国已经相当成熟。在不同实习阶段的专业督导过程中,院系和机构的督导有不同的角色定位与工作内容,笔者对此进行了总结。     

老年个案工作问题的分析及解决思路——低保户孤寡老人的个案研究

传统孤寡老人的个案工作注重个人的觉醒和充权的培养以达致恢复老人身份认同和认知能力以适应社会发展的需要,从而改善自我困境。但是,传统的思想却忽视了其问题的形成的根本原因,即结构性问题。由于结构性问题是贯穿于问题的始终,因而分析孤寡老人的问题形成及探讨解决思路需要置身于结构性的背景中,从其关系网络、家庭结构、互动关系对其角色和能力影响角度去考量。     

女大学生性别角色的发展趋势——基于跨十年的调查比较分析

当代女大学生是未来女性人才的特殊群体,作为社会女性发展的代表力量,其性别角色的发展及性别角色意识表现被看成社会发展进步的一个风向标。通过调查发现,当代女大学生性别角色呈现出以下发展趋势:双性化性别角色类型成为当代女大学生性别角色发展的主要趋势;不同年级之间、来自城市与农村之间的女大学生的性别角色类型分布存在显著差异。应该通过重视双性化人格的培养,引导其正确看待性别角色倾向,帮助其塑造自身性别角色形象等方式促进女大学生性别角色发展与人格完善。     

The trend toward multiple authorship in social work: A British and US comparison

This article provides a comparative analysis of publication trends in social work in the US and Great Britain. This exploratory effort seeks to identify possible explanations for the phenomenon of multiple authorship, the implications of multi-authored scholarship, and some of the potential ethical questions that may arise from such collaborations in regard to what constitutes legitimate contributions to a scholarly article or book. To the extent that common trends are emerging across international boundaries, the incentive for heightened communication and collaboration may be increased in an effort to identify implications and derive solutions to common problems.     

How old is old? Revising the definition based on life table criteria

Sixty‐five has long been thought of as the point of entry into “old age.”; We propose a number of life table criteria for answering the following questions: If 65 was considered appropriate four decades ago, what is the corresponding age today? If 65 was (implicitly) a male‐oriented definition four decades ago, as we believe it was, what would have been the appropriate definition for women at that time, and what is it today? We address these questions by applying our criteria to Canada, using 1951 and 1991 life tables, but the criteria could be applied equally well to other countries. For other developed countries we would expect broadly similar results.