是经济贫困还是文化贫困?--评第三届鲁迅文学奖中篇小说《好大一对羊》

云南昭通市作家夏天敏的中篇小说<好大一对羊>的深刻之处,是作者对红土高原农民生命处境的烦扰窘困背后的文化贫困进行思考,可作为当下中国贫困山区人们生存状态、思维方式、价值取向的批判性文本.作品在揭露扶贫工作中存在的形式主义、官僚主义给当地群众带来灾难的同时,揭示出来自农民思想意识深处的文化贫困.从而使读者认识到,对贫困地区的扶贫不仅仅是经济上的扶贫,更为重要的是文化上的扶贫.     

中国近30 年来的农村改革发展历程回顾与展望

文章重点从农村改革的整体性、综合性、协调性和党在农村政策的稳定性、连续性、实效性等方面入手,把我国近30年来的农村改革发展历程划分为三个不同的时期:即从1978年到1988年,是农村改革的起步阶段,出现了第一个“黄金发展期”;从1988年到1998年,是农村改革的停滞阶段,出现了“三农综合症”;从1998年10月至今,是农村改革的快速推进阶段,出现了第二个“黄金发展期”。全面准确地认识和把握我国农村改革的历史进程,对于科学制定农村综合改革的整体方案及相关配套政策措施至关重要。     

全球视野内的中国贫困问题研究

中国贫困问题的研究应顺应贫困研究国际趋势其中国贫困走向进行相应调整,即顺应贫困演变趋势,从研究绝对贫困向研究相对贫困转化;改变政策取向,从关注集体贫困向关注个体贫困转化;拓宽研究范围,从研究物质贫困向人文贫困转化;转变研究方法,从一般经济学分析拓宽到制度经济学分析。在对策设计上,应从加强反贫困制度建设、实行瞄准贫困人口的扶贫政策、缩小收入差距和关注人文贫困等方面加以考虑。     

工科特困生心理素质的调查分析

采用卡特尔 16PF(8种人格因素分析 )量表及问卷调查 ,对工科特困生的心理素质的具体表现进行调查分析 ,并对其形成原因作出探讨 ,同时提出教育和管理方面的对策     

The State, Institutional Transition and the Creation of New Urban Poverty in China

Since the 1990s, the introduction of a market economy and the process of rapid urbanization have been accompanied by a new urban poverty related to lay‐offs and unemployment as well as by large‐scale rural–urban migration, which is different from the traditional urban poverty of the ‘Three Nos’ (no relatives or dependants, no working capacity and no source of income). This article focuses on new urban poverty in China under market transition and discusses the causes of poverty creation. Instead of considering Chinese new urban poverty only as a result of market mechanisms, it argues that the state as the manipulator of institutions and policies does matter in the creation of new urban poverty, and that the cleavages between the old and new institutions further intensify it. Specifically, the following aspects of the creation of new urban poverty are examined in detail: the adjustment of industrial policy, the reform of state‐owned enterprises, evolution of the household registration system, and the transformation of the welfare state.     

The Role of Family Income in the Intergenerational Association of AFDC Receipt

Daughters from low‐income families who did not receive Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) are compared to daughters from low‐income families who did receive assistance to better account for family income in the intergenerational association of AFDC. The research models the timing of a daughter's first birth and, for those who become mothers, the number of years a daughter receives any AFDC. Women whose families received AFDC during their childhood are more likely to receive AFDC as adults relative to those women whose families did not receive AFDC. Controlling for family income in a more careful and comprehensive way than past research explains part but not all of the effects of childhood AFDC receipt. Among daughters from chronically poor families, however, parental AFDC use is not associated with additional years of AFDC participation. Although the present research cannot confirm or deny a causal role for parental welfare use, the intergenerational transmission of financial resources does explain part of the intergenerational association of welfare use.     

我国农村金融市场效率研究——从金融促进农村经济发展的角度

本文认为判别与评价我国农村金融市场效率应该从下面两个方面进行研究：一是我国农村金融对农村经济的促进作用；二是我国农村金融市场的金融资源的均衡。从金融促进农村经济发展的角度。实证发现我国农村金融市场的效率低于全国金融市场的效率水平，主要由于农村正规金融机构的发展水平低下、农村金融市场的需求低下和农村金融市场的“高风险低效益”等因素所导致。因此，建议：发展中小金融机构，弥补正规金融的不足：创新金融工具，聚集农村金融需求；建立农村金融风险补偿制度，降低金融风险；改革金融定价和补贴政策，提高农村金融收益水平。     

文档碎片——鲁迅、郁达夫的小说

鲁迅小说藉着独特的形式,用精神分析法,以"不和众嚣,独具我见"的思想和艺术风格,把他对人生、社会、新事物的看法和感情表现出来;郁达夫的<沉沦>与佐藤春夫的<田园的忧郁>在叙事时间、叙事体态和叙事语式上表现出多种相似的审美特性,但是,文化特质的差异,使他们的作品又表现出了不尽相同的生活内容和社会内容.     

试论我国农村剩余劳动力的迁移聚集与小城镇发展

本文阐述了我国二元经济结构直接向一元结构转变模式的不适用性,分析了影响我国农村剩余劳动力转移的两大因素:土地问题(土地流转制度及土地产权制度改革)和户籍制度问题,并进一步提出了解决问题的新思路。