非物质文化遗产及其保护的整体性原则

民族文化是一个民族的根基和灵魂。然而,在生存环境日益恶化的今天,民族文化面临着前所未有的挑战。保护和抢救珍贵的民族口头和非物质文化遗产刻不容缓。在保护和抢救过程中,应贯穿整体性原则:既要保护文化事象本身,也要保护它的生命之源;既要重视文化的"过去时"形态,也要关注它的"现时"形态和发展;既要重视文化的价值观及其产生的背景和环境,又要整合和协调各方面的关系及其利益诉求;还要尊重文化共享者的价值认同和文化认同等。这是做好民族民间文化保护和抢救工作的重要保证。     

场域—惯习理论视角下的养老服务时间储蓄制度——对广州市越秀区试点社区的实证分析

我国人口老龄化问题日益严重,社区养老服务推广迅速。"时间储蓄"等新的服务模式正在一些城市兴起。本文以广州市越秀区试点社区为研究对象,运用观察法、访谈法等收集第一手资料,在布迪厄的"场域—惯习"理论视角指导下,把社区养老服务时间储蓄制度作为一个福利场域,描述该制度试行的基本情况,分析场域的运作逻辑以及居民参与的惯习,指出此二者"不吻合"的情况及其影响,并提出相关的对策。     

技术冲击对经济高速增长与高储蓄之间决定性关系的影响

本文在离散的随机经济增长框架下,采用中国的实际数据,利用贝叶斯估计方法对模型的参数进行了校准和估计,在此基础上分析技术水平和技术增长率的暂时性和永久性变化对经济的影响。结果发现当且仅当技术增长率受到一个永久性的正冲击时,经济中储蓄率的运行方向才与经济增长率的一致,两者均不断攀升到新的均衡水平,并且储蓄率有可能随着经济增长的加速而最终变大,这种可能性取决于习惯形成强度的大小,不仅如此,习惯形成还能够直接改变储蓄率的大小。     

发展蓝色经济应当继续加强节能降耗

近年来,山东在区域特色经济培育中取得了一定的进展,初步形成了以蓝色经济为主导的区域经济特色。但由于能源消费速度超过经济增长速度,节能降耗势在必行。本文运用“压力一状态一响应”模型构建了山东能源可持续利用的评价指标体系,对山东节能降耗情况进行了现状分析,并运用数据包络分析技术进行基于DEA的山东城市能源利用效率评价,以及基于DEA的Malmquist指数方法估计山东能源全要素生产率。在此基础上,提出了促进山东节能降耗的政策建议。     

Teaching children to save: What is the best strategy for lifetime savings?

We study the effect of alternative parental teaching strategies on the propensity to save and the amount saved during adulthood. Using a panel dataset from the Dutch DNB Household Survey we find that parental teaching to save increases the likelihood that an adult will save by 16%, and the saving amount by about 30%. The best strategy involves a combination of different methods (giving pocket money, controlling money usage, and giving advice about saving and budgeting). The effect of parental financial socialization is persistent with age, but decays at elder age for the propensity to save.     

节约资源的价值学维度

节约资源是建设节约型社会的核心问题。当前,节约资源对我国社会发展具有极为重要的发展战略学价值、经济学价值、社会学价值、生态环境学和管理学价值。     

Uncertain Health and Survival: Effects on End-of-Life Consumption

This article analyzes the impact of health and survival uncertainty on the saving and consumption decisions of retirees. A dynamic programming approach is used to model the household's planning problem. The utility parameters are estimated using panel data. We find that a fall into poor health raises the marginal utility from consumption. Simulations are used to indicate the effects of falling into poor health and loss of spouse. They reveal a large transfer from the healthy to the sick partner and a strong dependence of saving on the survivor benefits, suggesting that concern about the surviving spouse is an important motive for saving.     

The ant and the grasshopper revisited: The present psychological benefits of saving and future oriented financial behaviors

This study examines the impact of saving and future-oriented financial behaviors on young adults’ well-being. Using two-timed longitudinal data (N = 748) collected both prior to and during the economic crisis, we tested and confirmed a psychological process model (i.e., financial attitude → behavioral intention → actual behavior → well-being), one that included parental norms, perceived behavioral control and financial planning horizon as antecedent factors. Our findings indicate that the more positive a young adult’s attitude toward financial behaviors, and the greater his/her perception of parental expectations, then the stronger will be this young adult’s intention to perform such behaviors. We found that behavioral intention at Time 1 contributed to actual financial behaviors at Time 2, which in turn was positively related to a young adult’s present sense of well-being. We also found that perceived behavioral control and financial planning horizon influenced both behavioral intention and actual behavior. Although perceived impact of the economic crisis moderated the link between past and present well-being, it did not affect the hierarchical flow of the model. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our study pertaining to consumer financial education.     

城镇居民消费的“习惯形成”效应

 本文利用“中国营养与健康调查”数据对中国城镇居民消费中的“习惯形成”效应进行了研究。本文以家庭的食品消费微观数据作为非耐用品消费的代理变量,并运用动态面板系统广义矩估计方法来解决模型的内生性问题。本文研究发现,“习惯形成”可以从一定程度上解释近年来中国城镇居民消费不振及高储蓄的现象,这一效应即使在考虑了城镇家庭的“预防性储蓄动机”之后仍然是稳健的,并且其对消费的边际影响比“预防性动机”更为重要。不仅如此,本文还发现家庭越富有,习惯形成越强,储蓄倾向越高。     

Savings–age profiles in the UK

We used UK Family Expenditure Surveys to analyse the relationship between savings and age structure. We address two key problems: the sample selection bias when data refer to households and not individuals, and the treatment of pension income when drawing inferences from individuals' savings–age profiles about the relationship between an economy's savings and age structure. Our principal findings are that household data exaggerate savings rates of young adults and the elderly whilst underestimating those of 45- to 60-year-olds, and individual saving rates follow more closely the ‘hump shape’ of the life-cycle model, although the savings rates of the elderly remain positive for some ages.