Information-seeking during acquaintanceship: Effects of level of social understanding and personal relevance

Two studies examined how individual differences in social understanding influence children's information-seeking orientations during an initial meeting with a peer, in which they do or do not anticipate future interaction. Study 1 involved a relatively controlled, laboratory setting in which 7-9 year old children were presented a list of questions from which to choose what to ask the peer. The findings indicate that children who view a person's behavior in terms of stable dispositional characteristics (high SDC), express greater interest in gathering trait-related information about an unfamiliar peer than children who do not perceive people in terms of stable traits (low SDC), but only when they expect to play games with that peer in a future interaction. Study 2 involved a more naturalistic observation of the actual questions 7-9 year old children ask during an initial meeting with an unfamiliar peer. The findings showed that high SDC children asked more questions of the peer when they expected interaction than when they did not, whereas low SDC children did not differ significantly across conditions. Taken together, the two studies indicate that the future, predictability orientation of high SDC children leads to a more extensive information search about a peer when they expect interaction with that peer involving instrumental choices.     

矫治社会工作介入我国社区矫正的初探

矫治社会工作是一项专为罪犯或具有犯罪危险性的违法人员开展的社会福利服务,在我国很少有机会介入罪犯的改造,而社区矫正地开展恰好为我国矫治社会工作的专业化和职业化发展提供了前所未有的机遇和空间。     

社会转型期我国社会工作职业化的现实困境及应对策略

在社会工作大发展的背景下,客观认识当前我国社会工作职业化道路上的阻碍因素,探讨如何切实全面推进职业化是当前理论界和相关部门关注的热点问题。本文分析了社会文化、现有体制、教育制度以及社会公众态度对社会工作职业化可能造成的不利影响,并针对性地提出了若干建议。     

唐代都市诗的演变及其文化意义

中国古代都市最迟从汉代起就已经十分繁荣,都市也一直没有脱离文人的审美视野,但是在文学研究中传统都市诗歌被忽视。以唐代都市诗歌为切入点,探究其演变特点及其中所体现出来的文人心理乃至传统文化积淀可以发现,初唐京城诗受汉代京都赋的影响表现出政治性夸饰和政治性讽谏,盛唐之后都市诗歌呈现出看似矛盾的两面:或为对都市的疏离冷淡或为对都市繁荣不再的缅怀与感伤。矛盾的两面指向共同的内核:传统文化中没有为人们建立起除了政治性意义之外的都市生活意义体系。     

工科大学社会工作专业实习基地建设探索

社会工作是一门为社会弱势群体提供专业服务促进社会和谐的新专业,近十年社会工作教育发展迅速。从中国社会工作教育协会的统计资料看,已经有200多所大学开设了社会工作专业。文章从笔者所在院校新办的社会工作专业出发,探讨社会工作专业实习基地建设与社工人才培养的辩证关系。     

Differences in the Seriousness of Problems and Deservingness of Help: Swedish Social Workers' Assessments of Single Mothers and Fathers

In this vignette study, three hypotheses concerning differencesin social workers’ assessment off single fathers and mothersare tested: first, that single fathers with custody of theirchildren, who have problems similar to those often faced bysingle mothers, are assessed as having more serious problemsthan the mothers; secondly, that single fathers in such a situationtend to be assessed as being less deserving of support thansingle mothers in the same situation; thirdly, that the helpoffered to both sexes follows gender-traditional patterns. Theresults support the hypotheses. The overall problems and mentalhealth tended to be assessed as more serious in the case ofthe father than in the case of the mother. The single fatherwas assessed as being more responsible for his situation. Thesingle mother was assessed as being in need of assistance inmore areas and more varied social welfare measures were recommendedfor her than for the father. Finally, the results also showthat only support which could enable the client to obtain paidwork and be able to pay off the debts on his car was given higherpriority in the case of the father.     

Electoral Politics, Ideology and American Social Policy

This article addresses the politics of social policy in the context of the 2004 American presidential election. It examines the divisions in American society and their distinctive agendas. It also explores the record of the Bush administration on key social policy issues and shows how it relates to the broader conservative tradition as well as to the Clinton administration's reform of welfare. Finally, it examines the election results. The article argues that the Bush administration has a distinctive agenda on social policy issues and that its approach is likely to reduce further the role of the social government in the provision of social policy, by emphasizing market forces and philanthropy as well as cutting taxes. It also notes, however, that the Bush administration has taken a strong stance on traditional moral values and that its opposition to abortion and homosexuality is an important part of its political strategy.     

成本收益、风险规避与人力资本投资

人力资本的投资可根据当时的利息率计算贴现值的方法进行决策.若需要用于投资的资本小于用期望收益算出的贴现值,则进行人力资本投资则为明智的选择.加大对人力资本的投资力度、人力资本的合理有效的组合和采取激励政策和规则可以规避人力资本投资风险.人力资本投资的的载体为具有主观能动性的人.要想投资取得成功,除了借助经济学方法做出正确的投资选择外还要充分调动被投资者--"人"的主观能动性.     

《李娃传》：一幅摇曳多姿的唐代社会风情画

唐传奇《李娃传》情节跌宕起伏,摇曳多姿,人物命运悲欢交织,爱恨相伴,堪称一幅生动的唐代社会风情画卷：士子狎妓的社会风尚,相沿前代而又不失独特的丧葬习俗,重门第等社会心理以及人性向善的道德追求和由强调门当户对向男才女貌的自由爱情转变的婚姻观念等。故事在几近真实的唐代社会生活中徐徐展开,这一时代的世态人心又促使故事的结局向人们渴望的理想境界推进,使读者从中得到了极大的心理满足。《李娃传》不失为一部较早的世情小说。     

公司资本制度与公司债权人利益保护

加强公司债权人利益的法律保护在我国当前不仅具有必要性、可能性 ,而且具有相当的紧迫性。因此 ,保护公司债权人 ,必须坚持公司最低资本额制度 ,进一步完善资本准技原则和资本不变原则 ,股份有限公司和外商投资公司实行折衷资本制 ,而有限责任公司仍坚守法定资本制