山西省农村文化活动的现状和对策研究

农村文化建设是全面建设小康社会的内在要求,是树立和落实科学发展观、构建社会和谐的重要内容。以山西省沁源、平遥和沁水3个县的27个村共360个农户为调查对象,对山西农村居民的文化生活现状进行了分析。结果表明目前山西农村居民主要的文化活动有过节、赶集、喜事等传统文化活动,打麻将、打扑克、看电视等自我娱乐文化活动,还有极少数村民自编自演的文化节目活动;农村文化活动呈现着缺乏带头能人、乡政府和村委较少组织文化活动、剪纸等技能性的文化逐渐衰落等现象。同时,经济收入水平、组织、基础设施和村庄人口数量对捉村文化活动有较大的影响;农村文化建设需要从增加资金投入、加强组织、举办节目比赛和培养农村文化能人等方面采取措施。     

个人的出现及其身份与人格的关系——以现代私法为分析视角

私法中的个人是文艺复兴、宗教改革、启蒙运动和近代自然科学革命等人类四大解放运动的结果,本身就意味着自由孤独的个人形象。人必然有身份,在私法中具有私法身份。私法中的身份是洗净了特权与歧视的差异身份。人格平等与身份差异是尚未完成的私法现代性的组成部分。     

河南省NGO现状探析

文章在对河南省NGO进行实证调查的基础上,检视了河南省NGO发展的现状,进而剖析NGO存在的功能异化,最后尝试提出NGO发展脱困的路径选择。     

African American Mother-Daughter Relationships Mediating Daughter's Self-Esteem

For many, adolescence is a time when it is difficult to stand in front of a mirror and say, I like myself and I am competent. Such a statement requires a supportive environment and self-knowledge. This research explored global self-esteem in a sample of 105 urban African American seniors that attended an all girls' Catholic high school. A ten item scale that measured participants' belief in their mothers' ability and willingness to protect and soothe them (attachment) explained 27% of the variance in global self-esteem. Also important was feeling committed to an African American identity.     

The illusion of independence: Spun-off firms’ risk-taking as a function of status and attachment to the parent firm

This paper examines the post-divestiture behavior of spun-off firms. Drawing on the spin-off literature and middle-status conformity theory, we argue that spun-off firms—as newly independent and publicly traded firms—tend to limit their risk-taking behavior to match the expectations of a crucial audience, i.e., security analysts. Following the logic of middle-status conformity theory, we hypothesize that firms with mid-level status are particularly susceptible to analysts' pressures, whereas high- and low-status firms are free to take greater risks. Crucially, however, we propose that this relationship is less pronounced for spun-off firms that are more attached to their parent firms, as formal and informal linkages between these two types of firms can endure beyond the separation and limit spun-off firms' independence. Using a dataset of 102 spin-off transactions occurring between 1995 and 2010, we find empirical support for a U-shaped relationship between spun-off firms' status and risk-taking. This relationship is attenuated when spun-off firms are more attached to their parents. We contribute to the spin-off literature by demonstrating that a spun-off firm's post-divestiture behavior is determined by the capital market audience's expectations and the attachment to the parent firm. In so doing, we also contribute to the literature on middle-status conformity theory by identifying a boundary condition of the theory. Additionally, we make a methodological contribution by combining ideas from the spin-off and institutional theory literature to develop a particularly comprehensive measure of attachment.     

中国穆斯林在现代化过程中的优势

在世界现代民族—国家的建构过程中,宗教信仰、民族归属、国家认同三者之间的巨大不相容性,以及由此引发的各种问题,成为许多国家现代化道路上的巨大障碍。尤其是对许多伊斯兰国家来说,如何处理这三者之间关系,并协调由此引发的伊斯兰教与国家政治、伊斯兰教法与国家法律的矛盾和冲突,往往成为现代化道路上最大的难题。但是在伊斯兰教传入中国,与中国社会的法律、政治、文化等等互相磨合、融通以至共存的过程中,这些难题已经基本得到了解决。因此,今天的中国穆斯林与所有中国人面临着共同的问题,那就是如何步入现代化。从这个角度来说,在现代化的进程中,中国穆斯林所背负的要比其他穆斯林更轻。     

对凉山彝族妇女社会地位的思考

在边远的彝族山区,彝族妇女在婚姻、家庭、宗教活动中仍受到一些不平等的待遇。本文从彝族女性在婚姻中的地位状况入手,对提高彝族女性社会地位进行了一些思考,,提出要使彝族妇女的社会地位得到提高,就必须提高她们的文化素质,使其获得在经济、人格上的独立和社会地位上的平等。     

不同学派的企业边界理论评析与研究展望

企业边界体现了企业的独立性,区隔了企业组织与外部环境。管理实践者和研究者都十分关注企业边界的设定。威廉姆森因为在该问题上的突出贡献而获得2009年诺贝尔经济学奖,但是,企业边界理论目前还是一个丛林状态。以国外学者的研究为基础,企业边界理论可分为效率学派、势力学派、能力学派和身份学派,它们有各自不同的基础假设、边界影响变量、影响的理论机制以及各自适用情景等核心要素。不同学派之间既有关联性,又在解释能力上存在差异。不同派别对实际的管理决策影响也各有侧重,在归纳了各派别所存缺陷的基础上,分析了中国情景下企业边界可能的研究方向。     

GMS五国华人华侨中华文化认同研究

GMS五国华人华侨对中华文化的认同度处于较高,但不是很高的水平。年龄、华人代数、祖籍地、汉语水平和汉语使用情况等都是影响华人华侨中华文化认同的重要因素;性别不是影响因素。华人华侨文化认同十分复杂,但GMS五国华人华侨的中华文化认同呈现出一定的发展趋势,可以对之施加影响。建议:进一步加强对GMS五国华人华侨的研究;面向不同的华人华侨群体有针对性地开展工作;加强汉语传播和华文传承工作;在学校、家庭、社区三个层面帮助华人华侨传承中华文化;加强正面宣传,与华人华侨交流时注意细节。     

Nonlinear models of distribution of talking in small groups

This paper develops a mathematical model of the distribution over time of talking in discussion groups. Researchers of small group processes and social inequality have long recognized that interaction in small discussion groups is usually not equally distributed and that being a person who talks more than others is associated with having higher status outside the group and greater prestige and influence within the group. There is also a history of mathematical approaches to describing this phenomenon. As an addition to this literature, here a nonlinear dynamical system model is presented and used to develop computer simulations that are compared with data from a laboratory study of real four-person discussion groups. The model is based on theoretical assumptions about group processes including individual differences in volubility, status generalization, deference hierarchies and norms of taking turns and of fairness. While none of these alone make predictions that match the data, when they are all combined simulations are produced that closely match the data in both changes over time and differentiation among members. The dynamical system using the parameters as estimated for these data reaches a fixed point, which may help understand how groups structures become stable under some conditions but not others.