文化多样性及其挑战

文化多样性概念虽然在理解“他者”的问题上有所助益，但却在一定程度上可以导致人们在对人类自身的认识上趋于另一个极端。通过对相关概念的简要历史分析，文章揭示了文化多样性概念在理解现实中的种族与族群现象时可能存在的紧张。     

新修辞理论视域中的外宣翻译研究——以茂名市外宣翻译为例

外宣翻译是对外宣传的主要桥梁,也是一项跨文化的修辞活动。修辞理论与外宣翻译的结合是外宣翻译研究领域中一个较新的视角。借用以伯克为代表提出的新修辞理论中的"认同"和"象征"两个概念,以茂名市外宣翻译为语料,从中英文词汇、句式和篇章的修辞差异三个方面研究了修辞理论能有效指导和批评外宣翻译实践。     

心理期望：政治认同生成的内隐机制

政治认同是公民对国家政治诸要素所产生的一种心理上的归属感。心理期望作为政治认同的内隐机制,从需要因素看,可分为自发性政治认同需要和引致性政治认同需要。而对需要的满足,则取决于主体的自我政治期望和社会政治期望的契合程度及运行路向。现实问题往往因对期望的认知错位而产生各异的政治认同距离进而给个体和政府等带来心理压力。如何把这种压力保持在一定的安全阈值范围内而使政府和个人在期望心理供求方面处于大体均衡,成为优化政治认同效果的现实选择。     

Practising family history: ‘identity’ as a category of social practice

Research on family history argues it performs the task of anchoring a sense of ‘self’ through tracing ancestral connection and cultural belonging, seeing it as a form of storied ‘identity‐work’. This paper draws on a small‐scale qualitative study to think further on the identity‐work of family history. Using practice theory, and a disaggregated notion of ‘identity’, it explores how the storying of family histories relates to genealogy as a leisure hobby, a form of historical research, and an information‐processing activity; and examines the social organization of that narrativity, where various practical engagements render certain kinds of genealogical information more, or less, ‘storyable’. Key features of ‘identity‐work’ in family history, such as the construction of genealogy as a personal journey of discovery and identification with particular ancestors, emerge as a consequence of the procedures of family history, organized as a set of practical tasks. The paper explores ‘identity‐work’ as a consequence of people's engagement in specific social practices which provide an internal logic to their actions, with various components of ‘identity’ emerging as categories of practice shaped within, and for, use. Focusing on ‘identity’ as something produced when we are engaged in doing other things, the paper examines how the practical organization of ‘doing other things’ helps produce ‘identity’ in particular ways.     

文化认同的危机与身份界定的政治学——乡村文化复兴的二律背反

文化认同曾是构建社会整体性的基础,但这种基础随着现代性在世界范围内的全面展开而被彻底瓦解,中国作为世界的一部分,自然也不例外。在此意义上,文化认同正经历着一种前所未有的危机,在中国乡村文化的后改革时代的全面复兴中,这种危机得到了一种看似矛盾的体现,即一方面是改革与再造,而另一方面是传统的复兴,二者沿着各自的认同轨道运行,并行不悖。通过身份界定的政治学,乡村文化被界定为落后和迷信,村民被界定为现代意义上的“农民”,这些都与村民自己对于自身文化的认同相去甚远,两种观念各自表述,潜在的认同危机由此而得以酝酿,借用康德哲学的语汇,那就是我们在对待乡村文化上是在实践着一种二律背反的政治理念。     

中国农民的市场主体权益及其保障

中国农民目前的市场主体地位可用不完全、不平等、受限制和被夸大来概括,这种地位很不利于其权益保障。导致这种状况的原因在于认识存在误区,市场主体错位,相关制度约束,保障成本太高,维权力量缺乏,产业链条太短等。要保障农民的市场主体权益,就需据此采取相应的对策措施。     

大理傣族追踪

作者以田野调查和新发现的民间族谱并结合史籍的零星记载，首次勾勒了大理地区傣 族的历史全貌和现状。     

广东老年人口婚姻结构变化特征与生活能力分析

基于人口普查数据分析,本文发现广东老年人口有配偶比例大幅度上升,丧偶比例大幅度下降,婚姻结构与全国趋同。老年人口婚姻结构在性别、年龄、教育程度和城乡间差异显著但趋于缩小。流动老年人口有配偶比例更高、丧偶比例更低,对总体老年人口婚姻结构产生影响。有配偶老人生活能力最强,丧偶和未婚老人生活能力最弱,有配偶、离婚的流动老人生活能力更强一些。社会养老服务和保障应关注不同婚姻状况老人的差异性需求。     

Constructing identity with L2: Pronunciation and attitudes among Norwegian learners of English1

This study investigates L2 pronunciation and evaluation of American and British varieties of English among Norwegian adolescent learners. By integrating quantitative sociolinguistics and L2 acquisition, the article investigates stylistic practice in an L2 context. Results from an auditory analysis of four phonological variables and a matched‐guise test are interpreted with reference to speaker commentary. Learners’ self‐expressed accent aims correlate significantly with accent use, but American English is the dominant pronunciation. Results show that both L1 and L2 speakers of English varieties are socially evaluated by the learners; British English is considered the most prestigious model of pronunciation, while American English is associated with informality. These evaluations seem to motivate learners’ pronunciation choices. The data indicate blended use of the English varieties. Learners seem to exploit linguistic resources from English, and reshape and adapt the social meaning of the variables to a local construction of identity.     

QUEER TREASONS: HOMOSEXUALITY AND IRISH NATIONAL IDENTITY

Queer Treasons suggests how and why homosexuality has been placed outside the limited discourse of what constitutes ‘Irishness.’ I argue that, since the early part of the twentieth century, homosexuality has been represented as ‘foreign’ to nationalisms in Ireland, particularly when the borders of the nation are perceived to be under threat. I further suggest that the threat of homosexuals, as represented in Irish political discourse, points more generally toward an instability in the discourses of nation itself.