Constructing Threat and Appropriating “Civil Rights”: Rhetorical Strategies of Gun Rights and English Only Leaders

Using a grounded theory method, we analyze the framing strategies of organizational leaders of the gun rights and English Only movements. Although we find greater variability in the framing strategies of English Only leaders, leaders of both movements mobilize fear by rhetorically constructing moral threats to American society in ways that draw on, and uphold, the ideals and practices of dominant social groups. In doing so, they appeal to their constituents' status anxieties. We also find that these movements engage in a particular form of frame transformation that we call “frame appropriation” to counter opponents' claims and broaden their support. Future research should examine when and how, and to what effect, other social movements similarly mobilize fear and engage in frame appropriation.     

When groups in glass houses throw stones: Public expectations of how activist groups respond to identity threats

This experimental study explores how the general public views an activist organization's affective threat appraisal as a function of three factors: the organization's anger level, efficacy level, and consistency of ascribed identity with avowed identity. Results shed light on the affective threat appraisal that activist organizations might use to manage emerging conflict with the general public. A typology of activist organizations is offered to account for levels of anger and likely efficacy when organizations face perceived disconnects between avowed identity and the identity ascribed to the activist group as a result of reported behavior. Empirical evidence suggests that an identity crisis involving identity discrepancies of an activist organization can have a profoundly negative impact on the organization's image, reputation, and even survival.     

外资大量进入对我国经济安全的挑战与应对

改革开放以来,随着我国经济的快速增长以及对外开放程度的不断提高,越来越多的外国资本开始进入我国,我国已连续多年成为吸收外资最多的发展中国家。巨额外商直接投资的引入,一方面促进了我国的经济增长, 带来了诸多的经济效益;另一方面,由于当前引资工作的盲目性,对我国的经济安全构成了挑战。针对这一问题,介绍了当前外资进入我国的新动向,分析了外资对我国经济安全的各种挑战,并提出了应对的思路和对策。     

The causes of terrorism

Abstract

Terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001 and after intensified concerns about a global Jihad and other forms of terrorism, and renewed calls to better understand its causes or roots. There have been divergent views on this question, and terrorism has been argued to be caused by increased poverty, rapid urbanization, declining traditional authority, globalization, and so forth. These differences, reflecting philosophical, religious, political and other differences, are not merely academic; they can affect our understanding of both the threat and of responses to terrorism. This article provides an analytic framework for understanding the limits to understanding the causes of terrorism, identifying what can be known about causation and assessing counterterrorism implications.     

江苏林业产业发展的SWOT分析（Ⅱ）：劣势与危机①

文献[1]运用SWOT分析方法,探讨了江苏省林业产业发展的优势和机遇。笔者在此基础上,从森林资源培育业、木材加工业、林产化工业、花卉业、森林旅游业、林业产业结构、产业政策和我国加入WTO等方面,对江苏省林业产业发展的劣势和危机进行了系统的分析。这些成果为下一步研究江苏林业产业的发展战略打下了良好的基础。     

Risk Analysis for Critical Asset Protection

This article proposes a quantitative risk assessment and management framework that supports strategic asset-level resource allocation decision making for critical infrastructure and key resource protection. The proposed framework consists of five phases: scenario identification, consequence and criticality assessment, security vulnerability assessment, threat likelihood assessment, and benefit-cost analysis. Key innovations in this methodology include its initial focus on fundamental asset characteristics to generate an exhaustive set of plausible threat scenarios based on a target susceptibility matrix (which we refer to as asset-driven analysis) and an approach to threat likelihood assessment that captures adversary tendencies to shift their preferences in response to security investments based on the expected utilities of alternative attack profiles assessed from the adversary perspective. A notional example is provided to demonstrate an application of the proposed framework. Extensions of this model to support strategic portfolio-level analysis and tactical risk analysis are suggested.     

Segregation and African-American imprisonment rates for drug offenses

Scholars argue that the dramatic increase in the African-American incarceration rate that occurred after the civil rights era was in part a reflection of the declining utility of residential segregation as a modern form of social control. Existing research has not thoroughly investigated the association between racial segregation and prison admission rates. Using 2002 data for 198 metropolitan counties, this research examines the relationship between two dimensions of racial residential segregation and African-American prison admission rates for drug offenses. The results from a multivariate regression analysis reveal that the prison admission rates of African-Americans for drug offenses are lower in counties where White residents are more residentially isolated from African-Americans. The admission rates are unaffected by the dissimilarity index. Consistent with recent research on the level of coercive control, the findings suggest that the effect of the percentage of African-Americans residing in an area is nonlinear.     

中国经济崛起和中美经贸关系:美国国会的认知与反应

在美国国会部分议员看来,中国经济的崛起已经、正在或将会对美国的国家利益造成损害;中国持续高涨的经济对美国的“威胁”是真实而全方位的。为此,美国国会通过听证和立法等手段对布什政府频频施压,试图在诸如“人民币汇率”、“纺织品谈判”、“知识产权保护”等一系列问题上对中国采取更加强硬的立场。本文结合美国最新一届国会在对华问题上的听证和立法材料,分析国会对中国经济崛起的认知与行为反应模式,探讨美国“中国经济威胁论”背后的深层次动因。     

后金融危机时代中国银行业战略选择

针对后金融危机时代中国银行业发展问题,采用战略管理理论SWOT分析法,分析了中国银行业在后金融危机时代面临的机遇和威胁,本身具有的优势和弱点,提出中国银行业要提高自身盈利能力、加大海外投资和并购的步伐等发展策略。研究结果为中国银行业的发展提供思路。     

群际关系的社会心理机制探析

群际关系是指人们把自己看做不同社会群体的成员而非单独的个体而发生的相互作用,具有易冲突性的特点。影响群际关系的主要因素包括社会类别化、相对被剥夺感、威胁与反威胁、信任与不信任。我们可以采用再类别化、交叉类别化、多元文化主义、接触、合作与相互依存、减少威胁、运用规范使冲突去人格化和第三方干预等方法来减少群际冲突,改善群际关系。