The Impact of Competitive Strategy and Supply Chain Strategy on Business Performance: The Role of Environmental Uncertainty*

This article investigates the relationships among competitive strategy, supply chain strategy, and business performance while examining the moderating effect of environmental uncertainty. A total of 604 questionnaires were collected from three cities in China, and the statistical results show significant moderating effects of external environment on the relationships among competitive strategy, supply chain strategy, and business performance. Firms that primarily focus on a differentiation strategy emphasize an agile supply chain strategy. Cost leaders are inclined to implement both lean and agile supply chain strategies, but their emphasis on agile strategy is significantly greater in a volatile environment than in a stable environment. The choice of supply chain strategy does not appear to be an “either‐or” decision and firms could adopt either a lean or an agile strategy, or both, depending on the environment. This article provides significant managerial implications for supply chain practitioners to co‐align supply chain strategy and competitive strategy with the environment to improve performance.     

《儒林外史》打破了古代白话小说融入诗词韵文的结构模式

《儒林外史》不再像传统小说那样在叙述中夹有大量的诗词文赋的缘饰了。它的这种在文体上的变革,显示了其现代小说的特征。这样,《儒林外史》便彻底打破了白话小说融入诗词韵文的结构模式。促成《儒林外史》这种文体上的变革,有着复杂的原因:既有其“简捷地奔向戏剧”的小说艺术方法方面的原因,又有小说用“写实而真实”的创作手法创造其“形象体系”方面的原因,更有小说作者以理性思考的方式来创造小说的“意象体系”方面的原因。     

论"东突"恐怖势力对国家利益的威胁与破坏

本文论述了"东突"恐怖势力对国家利益的威胁与破坏问题,特别是从其对国家政治利益、安全利益、经济利益和文化利益的威胁与破坏等四个方面,阐述了"东突"恐怖势力的破坏范围之广、影响之深,已构成冷战之后我国新疆及中亚地区地缘政治格局中最不稳定的因素.本文指出了"东突"势力及其恐怖主义活动对地缘政治格局的影响,并认为打击"东突"已成为国际反恐斗争的重要组成部分.     

基于结构方程的内工大普研教育满意度研究

随着我国高等教育的普及,研究生教育日益重要,对在读研究生的满意度进行研究也就具有实际意义。本文以顾客满意度作为出发点,结合结构方程模型的工具,对高校普研教育满意度设立模型,通过不断修正,最终形成五个潜变量和十五个测量变量的理论模型,并对模型进行实证分析,通过模型的拟合度检验了模型与数据的合理性,以期为我校改善普研教育机制提供理论依据。     

北京郊区农民城镇化意愿影响因素的实证分析

城镇化是一项系统工程,涉及农民意愿,内容涵盖农民城镇生活、农村迁建、土地流转和就业意愿等。农民意愿受个人、家庭和制度等因素的影响,因区域的差异而迥异。文章以北京郊区户籍农民调查数据为基础,运用计划行为(TPB)理论构建结构方程模型(SEM)分析其影响因素。结果证明,运用计划行为理论分析意愿的影响因素是适用的,农民的城镇化行为态度已经处于追求经济理性和价值理性阶段,感知行为控制中的非经济理性、迁居成本和个人特征对意愿有较强影响,农民在做决策时会更多参考亲戚、家人和邻里的意见。     

证券市场监管结构分析

证券市场的监管体系通常是由证券法律规制、行政监管、自律监管、媒体监督共同构成的一个结构化整体。在证券市场监管总体中 ,各个组成部分各有其独特的功能和作用 ,它们相互补充又相互制约 ,共同形成证券市场监管结构均衡     

Investigating the Structural Validity of Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales Across Two Samples

Ryff’s (1989b) Psychological Well-Being (PWB) scales measure six related constructs of human functioning. The present paper examined the validity of Ryff’s 6-factor PWB model, using data from a life events study (N = 401) and an organisational climate study (N = 679). Previous validation studies, using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), have identified alternative PWB models, but limitations include the use of shorter scale versions with items relating to a number of life domains within the same PWB factor, and failure to examine the influence of participants’ socio-demographic characteristics on PWB. In this study, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) mostly found consistency in the PWB items and structure between the two studies whereby a 3-factor model delineated between items relating to Autonomy, Positive Relations and a super-ordinate factor comprising the other PWB factors. Using CFA, Goodness of Fit indices reached acceptable levels for the adjusted PWB model identified by the EFA, whilst differences between adjusted models of PWB previously identified in the literature were hardly evident. Post-hoc analysis by gender demonstrated socio-demographic effects on the structure and items that comprise PWB. Further development of PWB measures is needed to reflect its hierarchical and multi-dimensional nature. In the scales’ current form, the construct validation of the PWB factors will continue to be problematic and will fail to adequately evaluate the nature and impact of PWB.     

Lagrange multiplier unit root test in the presence of a break in the innovation variance

We show that the Lagrange multiplier (LM) unit root test exhibits size distortions when a break in the innovation variance exists but is ignored. We develop a modified LM unit root test that is based on a generalized least-squares transformation of the original series. The asymptotic null distribution of the new modified LM unit root test is derived. Finite-sample simulation evidence shows that the modified LM unit root test maintains its size and has reasonable power against the trend stationary alternative.     

Size distortion of asymmetric unit root tests in the presence of level shifts

The finite-sample size properties of momentum-threshold autoregressive (MTAR) asymmetric unit root tests are examined in the presence of level shifts under the null hypothesis. The original MTAR test using a fixed threshold is found to exhibit severe size distortion when a break in level occurs early in the sample period, leading to an increased probability of an incorrect inference of asymmetric stationarity. For later breaks the test is also shown to suffer from undersizing. In contrast, the use of consistent-threshold estimation results in a test which is relatively robust to level shifts.     

New innovational outlier unit root test with a break at an unknown time

The Perron test which is based on a Dickey–Fuller test regression is a commonly employed approach to test for a unit root in the presence of a structural break of unknown timing. In the case of an innovational outlier (IO), the Perron test tends to exhibit spurious rejections in finite samples when the break occurs under the null hypothesis. In the present paper, a new Perron-type IO unit root test is developed. It is shown in Monte Carlo experiments that the new test does not over-reject the null hypothesis. Even for the case of a level and slope break for trending data, the empirical size is near its nominal level. The test distribution equals the case of a known break date. Furthermore, the test is able to identify the true break date very accurately even for small breaks. As an application serves the Nelson–Plosser data set.