中国入世以来的中美经贸关系简析

2003年12月,温家宝总理访美时向布什总统提出处理中美经贸争端的五项原则,即:互利共赢,把发展放在首位,发挥双边经贸协调机制的作用,平等协商,不把经贸问题政治化。这些得到美方的赞同。双方并同意将中美商贸联委会升格,由吴仪副总理任中方主席,由美国商务部长和贸易代表任美方主席。2004年4月21日举行的中美第15届商贸联委会也是第一次升格后的联委会上,双方互作让步,达成多项共识,签署八项协议,这些措施无疑推动了中美贸易进一步发展。     

中美国际经济与贸易专业本科教育之比较

本文对中美国际经济与贸易专业本科教育进行了比较 ,在培养目标、入学资格、课程设置、培养方式、评价方式和学位获得等方面进行了初步分析。笔者认为中美两国该专业教育各自存在优势和不足 ,应借鉴美国教育的经验 ,取长补短 ,走有中国特色的国际经济与贸易本科教育之路     

台湾农产品贸易比较优势的测算与分析

根据比较优势理论,应用贸易竞争力指数、显示性比较优势指数对台湾农产品近10年来的贸易比较优势进行了测算。结果表明,台湾农产品整体上不具有比较优势;畜产品和水产品具有一定的比较优势,是台湾主要的出口农产品;大宗农产品不具有比较优势,基本上处于净进口状态;劳动力密集型农产品由比较优势产品逐渐转变为比较劣势产品。     

The Trade Liberalization Evaluation (TLE) Methodology

This research paper proposes a new trade analysis model to evaluate the trend and stages of trade liberalization of any country. This new trade analysis model is entitled “The Trade Liberalization Evaluation (TLE) Methodology.” The TLE Methodology will introduce new indexes and graphs.There are four basic phases in the implementation of TLE Methodology. The first phase is the design of the multi-input tariff database table by production sector (agriculture, heavy industry,¹ light industry² and services). The second is the measuring of the Trade Liberalization Index by Production Sector (Xi), it is divided by the Agriculture Trade Liberalization Index (X1), Heavy Industry Trade Liberalization Index (X2), Light Industry Trade Liberalization Index (X3), and Services Trade Liberalization Index (X4). The third phase is the measurement of the Area of Coverage of the Trade Liberalization (ACTL) index. The last phase is the measuring of the Trade Liberalization Stage (LTS) index.The general objective of TLE Methodology is to offer policy-makers and researchers a new analytical tool to study the trade liberalization trend and stages of any country from a global perspective—based on a group of indexes and graphs. The TLE Methodology is not intended to be a forecasting model in any case. However, its application is not limited to the study of a special group of countries or regions. It is not constrained by issues about the region or the development stages of any country in a region that is interested in integrating into a Free Trade Area. TLE Methodology, in effect, is a simple and flexible scheme, which can be applied to any case of trade liberalization.     

大北公司与福建通商总局在电报建设初期的合作

1871年，丹麦大北公司为发展远东的电报业务，在上海成立了分公司，将电报引入中国。在这一时期，中国官员通过接触和使用电报，并逐渐改变对电报的态度。1874年，日本出兵侵犯台湾，威胁中国海防。为了加强福州与台湾之间的联系，清政府首次允许在福建省修建陆线电报。在这一时期，福建通商总局与大北电报公司共签订了两份合同，合作修建两条陆线电报：第一条是连接福州南台和马尾罗星塔之间的电报线；另一条是福州至厦门的电报线。     

基于VWAP基准的中国股市日内交易量的分解与建模研究

基于VWAP 基准对中国股票市场日内交易量进行分解,依据中国的实际情况,提出跟踪中国市场交易量变化的最佳模型。利用超高频交易数据,实证检验影响中国股票市场交易量变化的几种因素,并对日内动态交易量进行分解和建模,结果表明,SETAR 模型经验证比当前市场上广为使用的模型更适宜进行跟踪市场VWAP 价格。     

明清两代与北方贸易中的互利关系及社会作用分析

元朝的灭亡,给蒙古族的经济政治体系带来了巨大的冲击。蒙古单一的游牧经济重新面临着农耕经济的补充局面,该问题成为了蒙古社会经济的主要矛盾之一。明清时期与北方的经济贸易过程中,贸易双方总体上呈现"互利"的好局面。从贸易整个过程来看明清两朝都采取了"支持"和"限制"的双重策略。该论文通过分析明清时期对蒙古实行的贸易政策,研究了其中存在的贸易经济利益及互利关系、社会作用等。     

Transmission of World Prices to Ugandan Coffee Growers in a Liberalised Economy

This article examines the transmission of world coffee prices to the price received by Ugandan coffee growers by means of Directed Acyclic Graphs which reveal the flow of information from the spot indicator price to the London futures price and then to the growers' price. A positive shock in the futures and indicator prices has respectively a positive and negative effect on the growers' price, and Forecast Error Variance Decomposition shows that uncertainty is attributable to own price, London futures price, and indicator price, in rank order. The article recommends that the Ugandan Coffee Development Authority should provide information on both futures and indicator prices to the growers.     

Face attack and patients’ response strategies in a Kenyan hospital1

Social power can be exercised by face attack where power differentials are sufficiently great and significant retaliation or sanctions are unlikely. Such exercise of social power is common in military contexts. It is not commonly observed in hospital settings yet some nurses in Kenya's public hospitals routinely attack the face of their patients. Using data from interactions observed in a provincial hospital, it is illustrated how nurses initiate conflict and how patients counter the face‐attacking moves. The investigation shows that nurses use a high frequency of utterances that violate the dignity of patients while the latter prefer conflict avoidance strategies. Nurses generally make no attempt to mitigate the impact of most of their face‐threatening utterances while patients demonstrate awareness of the need to preserve mutual face and reclaim dignity. Three strategies used by patients to reclaim dignity – namely silence, retaliatory face damage and face repair – are illustrated. Nguvu za kijamii zinaweza kutekelezwa kwa kushambulia uso mahali kadri za nguvu ni mazito mno na ulipizaji kisasi wala vikwazo haviruhusiwi. Utekelezaji huu wa nguvu hudhihirika sana katika mazingira ya kijeshi. Hauonekani sana katika hospitali. Ingawaje, baadhi ya manesi katika hospitali za umma nchini Kenya mara kwa mara hushambulia uso ya wagonjwa wao. Huku tukitumia data ya miingiliano iliyotazamwa katika hospitali moja ya mkoa, twaonyesha jinsi manesi hubuni migogoro na vile wagonjwa hukabiliana nayo. Uchunguzi huu unaonyesha kuwa manesi hukiuka hadhi ya ubinafsi ya wagonjwa pakubwa ilhali wagonjwa huchagua mikakati ya kuepuana na migogoro. Kwa ujumla, manesi hawaonyeshi nia ya kupunguza athari za shambulio la uso katika matamshi yao ilhali wagonjwa huonyesha ufahamu wa kuhifadhi heshima na kudai tena hadhi. Mikakati mitatu ya wagonjwa ya kudai tena hadhi ikiwemo kimya, ulipizaji kisasi na urekebishaji uso inaelezwa humu.