拟人绘本和真人绘本对幼儿人格教育效果的影响： 一项挑战传统观念的国外心理学实验的启示

绘本阅读是幼儿成长过程中的一种有效教育途径。绘本中的角色类型会影响绘本对幼儿的教育效果。笔者基于国外一项心理学实验,并结合其他相关实验,介绍拟人绘本和真人绘本对幼儿人格和知识学习影响的研究,从幼儿心理学角度分析了真人绘本在教育效果上优于拟人绘本的心理机制。最后,阐述了关于拟人绘本和真人绘本的几点思考。     

习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想认同机制研究

促进人民群众对习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的认同,是当前重大理论和实践问题.而构建动力机制、健全引导机制、完善保障机制有利于强化对习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的认同.构建动力机制,需要以实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦激发认同的情感动力,以让人民群众有更多获得感、幸福感、安全感增强认同的利益动力,以理论的科学性增加认同的思想动力;健全引导机制,需要以理论研究为支撑,完善教育机制;以正确舆论为导向,强化宣传机制;以阵地建设为平台,健全导向机制;完善保障机制,需要壮大经济基础,突出利益认同;健全民主政治,增强政治认同;坚持文化自信,强化价值认同;夯实民生基础,巩固社会认同;推进绿色发展,提升生态认同.     

The empirical Bayes estimators of the parameter of the Poisson distribution with a conjugate gamma prior under Stein's loss function

For the hierarchical Poisson and gamma model, we calculate the Bayes posterior estimator of the parameter of the Poisson distribution under Stein's loss function which penalizes gross overestimation and gross underestimation equally and the corresponding Posterior Expected Stein's Loss (PESL). We also obtain the Bayes posterior estimator of the parameter under the squared error loss and the corresponding PESL. Moreover, we obtain the empirical Bayes estimators of the parameter of the Poisson distribution with a conjugate gamma prior by two methods. In numerical simulations, we have illustrated: The two inequalities of the Bayes posterior estimators and the PESLs; the moment estimators and the Maximum Likelihood Estimators (MLEs) are consistent estimators of the hyperparameters; the goodness-of-fit of the model to the simulated data. The numerical results indicate that the MLEs are better than the moment estimators when estimating the hyperparameters. Finally, we exploit the attendance data on 314 high school juniors from two urban high schools to illustrate our theoretical studies.     

Exploring gaps in the online economic inclusion of persons with disabilities in Korea

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the difference in the online economic activities of people with and without disabilities in Korea. We conducted a multiple regression analysis to investigate the impact of socioeconomic characteristics, internet access, and internet skills on online economic activities. Our sample, based on a 2016 dataset that included 1554 people with disabilities and 6004 people without disabilities, was developed using quota sampling based on gender, age, and residence. We determined that individuals with disabilities were more likely to engage in online economic activities if they had higher levels of education, lived in urban areas, were employed, or had greater internet skills. Individuals without disabilities were more likely to engage in online economic activities if they were women, had higher levels of education, were employed, lived in a two-generation or more household, or had greater internet skills. For both people with and without disabilities, the level of education, employment status, and internet skills positively contribute to online economic activites. We also determined that education level, participation in economic activity, living in a two-generation or more household, and internet skills had a statistically significant influence on online economic activity for people both with and without disabilities. These results highlight the importance of education and internet training for people with disabilities, as well as social support systems that help them learn to use the internet in diverse ways through both formal and informal networks. The study also underscores the importance of information and communications technology that adequately addresses people’s needs.     

LAN property for an ergodic Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process with Poisson jumps

In this article, we consider an ergodic Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process with jumps driven by a Brownian motion and a compensated Poisson process, whose drift and diffusion coefficients as well as its jump intensity depend on unknown parameters. Considering the process discretely observed at high frequency, we derive the local asymptotic normality property. To obtain this result, Malliavin calculus and Girsanov’s theorem are applied to write the log-likelihood ratio in terms of sums of conditional expectations, for which a central limit theorem for triangular arrays can be applied.     

Inclusion of persons with disabilities in mainstream employment: is it really all about the money? A case study of four large companies in Norway and Sweden

This study investigates how large companies respond to public policy measures to ensure the inclusion of persons with disabilities in mainstream employment based on a case study of four companies in Norway and Sweden. The qualitative interviews, which were conducted with company managers, government representatives in Norway, and non-governmental organisations in Sweden, revealed three overarching themes: (1) ‘legitimacy’, (2) ‘financial interests’ and (3) ‘non-financial support’. The results indicate a more proactive response from the Swedish companies, especially regarding persons with intellectual and learning difficulties. The Norwegian companies reveal a high commitment to their own employees. These findings cannot be explained solely using neo-institutional theory, which holds that organisations demonstrate ‘conformity with powerful institutional myths to strengthen support and secure survival'. The results indicate that inclusive targeted corporate policies and programmes, advisory support, and the agency and value choices of the management might matter more.     

我国残疾人服务体系的完善对策

中国残疾人服务体系亟待完善。推进残疾人服务体系建设必须注重发展的均等化与体系的一体化,设施的标准化与内容的规范化,队伍的专业化与评估的科学化,资源的多元化与管理的合理化。     

布莱尔对英国工党与工会关系的定位与调整论析

基于1980年代以来工党和保守党处理工会问题的经验教训以及工会的新变化,1994年出任工党领袖的布莱尔把对工会的定位由工党的劳工运动盟友转变为社会合作伙伴,对工会开始采取疏远和强硬的态度,尽力削弱附属工会在党内的权力。布莱尔对工党与工会关系的调整总体上是成功的,但也产生工党失去身份特征、核心选民减少等问题,对此要给予全面辩证地认识。     

Limit Theorems for Semi-Markov Queues and Their Applications

We begin by definition of semi-Markov flow and discussion of its properties. Asymptotic behavior of multi-server and single-server queueing systems is studied under assumption of time-compression or service time growth. The results obtained are used for calculation of large systems reliability. Statistical estimates of parameters involved are also provided.     

The unemployment of women with physical disabilities in Ghana: issues and recommendations

Unemployment among persons with disabilities is high. The situation is worse for women with disabilities as they experience multiple disadvantages on account of gender and disability. The condition for women with disabilities in Ghana could be more complicated, given the intersection of disability, gender, poverty, cultural beliefs and practices. As employment provides not only income for women with disabilities but opportunities for social participation and increases psychological well-being as well as self-esteem, it is imperative to remove barriers that hinder their employment. The current study examines issues associted with the unemployment of women with physical disabilities in Tamale, Ghana, and makes recommendations to policy-makers and practitioners in order to improve the condition of persons with disabilities in general, and particularly women with disabilities.