应对气候变化措施同WTO原则的冲突——理论与实证分析

与贸易有关的环境措施在GATT/WTO法律层面持续引起学者们对贸易与环境问题的激烈争论。而气候变化博弈中,WTO成员方采取应对气候变化的单边措施,可能违反了WTO的非歧视原则和其他若干规则。对从未做出碳减排承诺的国家进口的产品征收反补贴税可能违反SCM协定,TRIPs协定很难成功适用于气候友好型技术的转让与应用之中,这都是气候变化下WTO争端问题凸显的主因。本文通过探讨碳关税等应对气候变化措施与WTO的一致性,对GATT/WTO关于贸易与环境的争端解决案例进行解读,探寻气候变化下WTO争端解决的未来走向,对我国频发的贸易摩擦提出应对策略。     

略论矿业权和土地使用权的关系

矿业权是一种准用益物权。研究矿业权与土地使用权之间的关系,首先应当明确矿业权的准用益物权属性;矿业权和土地使用权之间是准物权与典型物权之间的关系。由于地理属性上的特点,矿业权与土地使用权密切相关,并且二者在权利归属、内容、流转和期限方面存在冲突。解决它们间的冲突,对于保护自然资源、稳定经济发展具有重要意义。未来我国修改《矿产资源法》时,应当注意从权利的设立、流转方式、保护手段等方面妥善处理好矿业权制度和土地使用权制度的衔接。     

高层管理团队(TMT)在战略决策中的冲突管理

:认知冲突与高层管理团队(TMT)的决策质量、理解程度和接受程度成正相关,情绪冲突则削弱TMT决策质量。显然,认知冲突和情感冲突之间存在的正相关性使TMT在战略决策中的冲突管理陷入两难状态。     

WTO框架下农业补贴的法律适用问题研究

在WTO框架下规范补贴问题的有适用所有货物贸易的一般补贴规则——《补贴与反补贴措施协议》,以及专门规范农业补贴问题的《农业协议》。在涉及农业补贴的具体法律适用上,根据累加适用原则,在农业补贴问题上同样要适用一般补贴规则。然而累加适用,一般补贴规则和《农业协议》会产生冲突,此时根据有效解释原则、《农业协议》第21.1条和特别法优于一般法原则,《农业协议》应该优先于一般补贴规则适用。     

电子商务环境下营销渠道的管理

在电子商务迅猛发展的背景下,互联网提供了快速、有效的商业信息,从而使营销渠道成员的权力出现了新的配置。制造商和零售商的控制力在不断扩大,传统中间商的角色逐渐弱化,取而代之的是新兴的网络中间商。复杂的渠道关系会导致新的渠道冲突和控制问题,因此,有必要建立以低成本、高效率为宗旨的多渠道管理创新机制,来更好地发挥电子商务环境下的多渠道优势。     

美与善的绝望诉求——“守望者”霍尔顿的心理分析

在对《麦田里的守望者》文本细读中,可以见出霍尔顿乖张情绪和迷惑行为背后隐藏着的心理矛盾其实是善与关的斗争;它来自于主人公的父性原则（崇善）与母性人格（恋关）的双重强大,他的遁世愿望和童心祈求与欲望的强烈构成了性格的既冲突又相互依存的两面。     

二十世纪初的游动摊贩与中国城市社会生活——以武汉、上海为中心的考察

游动摊贩是活跃在古今中外、城市乡村的一个社会群体。在近代中国城市社会,游动摊贩遭遇了新的生机与挑战。都市的胸襟确实给他们提供了谋生的机会,但即便他们练就五花八门的生存技艺,却依旧无法摆脱漂移不定的生活境遇。他们与都市居民形成了良好的互动,与市民日常生活相伴相生,成为美妙的城市之音。然而,其难以避免的不良习性,又成为城市社会不和谐的音符。在近代中国市政建设和城市管理浪潮中,摊贩被纳入国家强力控制范围,他们因生计问题与市容交通之悖时而与市政当局滋生冲突。尽管面对国家公权的暴力执法,大多小贩无力应对而选择忍受避让,但当生存受到威胁时,他们也会联合起来,采取激烈的抗拒行为,以维护自己的基本生存权和生活方式。冲突的结果是,市政当局回到体恤民生的政策与实践轨道上来,终归重获地方社会的秩序和安宁。     

Kirkuk conflict in its ethnic/political media: the Turkmen newspaper Alqal'a as a model

This article explores the Kirkuk conflict through the Turkmens’ newspaper Alqal'a. Using agenda-setting and framing/priming for theoretical background and qualitative content analysis as a method, two macro-themes, related to the conflict, are found to be fundamental therein. These two main themes are: (1) exclusion and (2) self-confirmation. The two macro-themes overarch several micro- or sub-themes and are closely related to each other. They are set to inform the readers about what to think and how to think about the conflict. While ‘exclusion’ constitutes the cause, ‘self-confirmation’ is the latter's effect.     

Women's “Justification” of Domestic Violence in Egypt

We explored the influences of women's social learning, marital resources and constraints, and exposure to norms about women's family roles on their views about wife hitting or beating among 5,450 participants in the 2005 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey. One half justified wife hitting or beating for some reason. Women from rural areas who were exposed to domestic violence more often justified such acts. Dependent wives whose husbands had more schooling, were blood relatives, and were coresident more often justified such acts. In settings where women tended to marry at older ages, women less often justified such acts. Women's resources and constraints in marriage accounted for the largest share of the variability in their attitudes about domestic violence against women.     

Limites et pertinence de la guerre juste face au terrorisme et aux nouvelles guerres

This article aims to examine the pertinence as well as the limits of the just war theory in order to apprehend the ethical issues raised by contemporary forms of political violence. Terrorism is undoubtedly an extreme case of political violence that puts to the test the theoretical and practical relevance of jus ad bellum and jus in bello principles. From a sociological point of view, it appears necessary to understand contemporary terrorism within the historical evolution of armed conflicts and under the light of current research devoted to the concept of ‘new wars’. Although I will argue that just war theory does not sufficiently take into account current studies on the empirical features of contemporary wars, it is nonetheless possible to salvage the theoretical and practical relevance of just war theory in a more specified sense. From a philosophical point of view, the goal of this article is to confront the theoretical and practical relevance of just war theory with the current body of research in the field of the sociology of war in order to assess both its limitations and its potential scope.