中华文化发展的基本特点

本文扼要地叙述了中华文化起源、元典、形成发展和转型更新诸时代所表现出来的传统一贯的基本特点。作者认为,中华文化的起源具有鲜明的多元特点,由此形成中华文化的兼容精神,进而形成中华文化"多元"一体"的辩证统一关系,这在后世统一多民族中国的形成、发展和确立的历程中,得到了极大的弘扬,并将在中国现代化进程中继续得到弘扬光大。     

Employment Among Current and Former Welfare Recipients: A Literature Review

ABSTRACT

The primary goal of welfare reform is to move recipients from welfare to work. Several factors influence the employment of welfare recipients. The purpose of this content analysis is to offer a comprehensive understanding of employment characteristics and important personal, family, and employment characteristics that either promote or deter employment among current and former welfare recipients. Social workers need a comprehensive understanding of these factors in order to design policy and social work interventions. This article is a content analysis of the results of empirical research studies. Implications and recommendations are offered based on the review of empirical research on current and former welfare recipients.     

平稳，增长，何者更重要？

 依据Lucas（1987）的理论模型，本文探讨了改革前后中国经济波动与经济增长的福利成本，结果发现：改革前的经济波动不是很重要；但从改革后或整个样本区间看，在合意的参数情况下，中国经济额外增长1%的福利收益要小于消除经济波动的福利成本。这意味着宏观经济波动对中国有着重要意义，中国政府应在保持经济增长的同时，更应关注保持经济的平稳性。     

单位法的构成与运作分析——以大学为例的法律多元考察

以高校为例的单位内部规范是独立于正式法律之外的民间法，通过对单位成员的管理，建构了一个相对独立的内在社会秩序，它包括制度上的单位规范和运行中的单位规范。规范是在单位情景中出现而具有生活与工作意义，它是法学研究的一个新命题。     

二十一世纪东西文化趋近与中国文化创新

本文认为21世纪人类文化的大格局,仍将是多元并茂、互补共进,人类文化、东西文化发展的总趋势,必然是彼此逐渐走向趋近和融合,在趋近与融合中化解矛盾、避免冲突、互补互动、创新发展。汤因比的“世界统一论”、亨廷顿的“文明冲突论”,既不符合文化发展自身的逻辑,也是不现实的。中国文化在中西文化趋近与融合的大背景中,必然实现进一步的融合与创新,对解决人类面临的困境做出自己的贡献。     

Labour Market Policy in the United States, Canada and Sweden: Addressing the Issue of Convergence

'Convergence theorists' suggest that domestic and/or global challenges and pressures are rendering welfare states broadly similar across national boundaries. 'Resilience theorists', in contrast, argue that a range of socio-political factors have allowed states to respond differentially to these pressures and maintain their distinct national social policy approaches. However, both research streams have addressed the 'welfare state' writ large in a multitude of nations and typically relied upon narrow, quantitative budgetary indicators. This study examines qualitative changes to key income security and social service programmes in one central social policy domain – labour market policy – in three nations, the United States, Canada and Sweden. It suggests that there is evidence of some degree of 'convergence' in the broadest sense of the term across these three nations. However, while both the USA and Canada have readily embraced genuinely neo-liberal restructuring, and become increasingly similar over the past two decades in this policy area, Sweden has managed to retain its distinctive social policy approach so far, despite notable changes, developments and trends. It also suggests that the character and direction of change may vary across and within policy domains in a single nation. The conclusion provides a discussion of universality, equality and solidarity, concepts that are commonly employed in accounts of welfare state change.     

美国的多元宗教概述及成因分析

美国是个多元宗教并存发展的社会,整个宗教种类繁多、宗派林立。但就其源流,多属希伯来———基督教文化传统的犹太教和由基督教发展而来的天主教和新教,在这三大主流派系中,新教占主要优势。促成美国多元宗教并存发展的原因有三:美国民族多样性是客观条件,基督教思想是内在动力,而美国宪法是根本保障。     

Working with legal pluralism: widowhood,property inheritance,and poverty alleviation in urban Senegal

This article explores the role of women's inheritance and ownership of property in urban Senegal. It shows how being able to inherit and own property promotes the economic and emotional security of widows and their children in urban areas, and discusses the challenges posed by legal pluralism in working on poverty alleviation and social protection in the city.     

论政治文明中的民主概念和原则

民主的本来意义是多数人的统治,但不是多数人随心所欲的专横统治,而具有基本的规范和经验特征。按照多元论的观点,民主过程是一套基础规则,不同的社会团体可依据这些规则而追求自身的利益。民主与自由也是平衡的,被统治者定期自由表达同意、人民自由选择自己的经济等生活方式也是民主不可缺少的内容。民众主义的口号经常具有道义吸引力,但在实践中会演变成多数人的暴政,因而需要以程序民主和宪政主义下的法治来保障民主的真正实现。     

伊斯兰文化视域中的“宗教多元论”

"宗教多元论"的主旨是界定各传统宗教间的关系,把各传统宗教纳入"同等有效"和"平等"的范畴,进而为宗教的长远发展建立一条可行的原则。对穆斯林学者而言,"宗教多元论"并不是一个全新的理念,本文在尝试解读穆斯林学者传统观念里的"宗教多元论"的意蕴的同时,与约翰·希克的宗教多元论做几个层面的比较。同时,当代穆斯林学者对"宗教多元论"的回应也值得我们审慎的思考,从而使我们对"宗教多元论"的前景有一个较为清晰的认识。