Perception of Earthquake Risk in Taiwan: Effects of Gender and Past Earthquake Experience

This study explored how individuals in Taiwan perceive the risk of earthquake and the relationship of past earthquake experience and gender to risk perception. Participants (n= 1,405), including earthquake survivors and those in the general population without prior direct earthquake exposure, were selected and interviewed through a computer‐assisted telephone interviewing procedure using a random sampling and stratification method covering all 24 regions of Taiwan. A factor analysis of the interview data yielded a two‐factor structure of risk perception in regard to earthquake. The first factor, “personal impact,” encompassed perception of threat and fear related to earthquakes. The second factor, “controllability,” encompassed a sense of efficacy of self‐protection in regard to earthquakes. The findings indicated prior earthquake survivors and females reported higher scores on the personal impact factor than males and those with no prior direct earthquake experience, although there were no group differences on the controllability factor. The findings support that risk perception has multiple components, and suggest that past experience (survivor status) and gender (female) affect the perception of risk. Exploration of potential contributions of other demographic factors such as age, education, and marital status to personal impact, especially for females and survivors, is discussed. Future research on and intervention program with regard to risk perception are suggested accordingly.     

四川灾区重建的法律关怀与保护——房地产法律关系的灾后调整与利益平衡

自然灾害造成了巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失，也极大地扭曲、改变了社会生活中原本正常和谐的各种法律关系及其蕴含的利益。四川大地震引发了各种错综复杂的法律权益的调整与保护问题。就房地产法律关系而言，应建立灾后房地产法律关系的调整平衡机制予以处理，以充分维护人民的根本利益，保障社会运行的和谐稳定及其可持续发展。     

汶川地震与“补天”神话原型研究

汶川地震及其次生灾害使许多年来悬而未决的公案--"女娲补天"的起因和神话情节原型的问题,获得了全新的证据.把地震灾害的各种现象联系起来,还荻得了解读"天柱折、地维缺",以及"山火、猛兽、浩洋、淫水、黑龙"原型的全新视角.它们说明,"女娲补天"起因就是地震及其次生灾害,补天神话原型是先民借助想像力征服地震灾害的一种形象化意识形态.     

震后失依儿童最佳利益的社会工作保护

地震灾后失依儿童面临着创伤压力、丧亲哀恸以及依附关系变迁的三重弱势困境.社会工作应基于儿童最佳利益原则,介入失依儿童寄养安置,增进其依附关系的建立;开展多层面的心理干预,妥善处理灾后心理危机;提供失依儿童个案管理,促进其可持续的社会适应.     

汶川特大地震灾后民营企业重建的优选统筹模式

对受灾民营企业受损情况进行深入调查分析,总结恢复重建过程中存在的关键问题。在科学发展观统领下,依据"大统筹,广优选,联运输,精统计,抓质量,理数据,建系统,策发展,利工具,巧计算,重实践,明真理"的思想与方法,构建灾后民营企业重建的基本框架,提出其重建的优选统筹模式,通过纵向和横向两个逻辑结构实现对地震灾后民营企业重建战略、战术、战斗三个层面的优化统筹管理。该模式分为迅速和发展重建两部分:迅速重建包括评估系统、应急管理机制和实施系统;发展重建包括灾害防御应急系统、企业自身持续发展、社会资源保障支持。     

碑刻所见1695年临汾大地震

利用地震碑刻资料,结合地方志资料,就1695年临汾大地震后灾区的惨烈灾情,各级政府的救灾措施,灾后区域社会恢复重建,以及地震对普通百姓心理层面的冲击等方面进行探究,可以看出此次地震对区域社会生存、发展所产生的影响和潜在作用力。通过对地震碑刻的解读,深刻认识地震与区域社会的生存、发展之间的关联,以期进一步丰富山西地震社会史研究。     

An Economics of Earthquake Prediction

For a long time, it is puzzling that in the field of earthquake prediction we have a large number of predictors together with evaluators who are supposed to be in charge of investigating their predictions, the discipline is however still in stagnation until now. We use a game-theoretic model to investigate this issue. In the paper we study a sequential game with two players (a predictor and an evaluator), and find that there always exists a unique equilibrium in which efforts by both parties are low and a learning-by-doing process cannot be triggered. It is then shown that introducing a mandatory exposure to peer review for the evaluator can induce a higher effort in both prediction and investigation.

灾后重建中社工组织多元角色的实践与实务模式选择

在灾后重建中,人们往往注重外界对灾民的各种帮助,却忽视促使灾民面对现实,比外界提供援助更为重要。因此,要通过充权等方法改变过去的“削权”而“增权”,减少灾民在社会结构中的弱势地位所造成的“习得的无助”,不仅促使灾民从“附属”到“自主”,更有利于整个灾区重建。在现代灾害越来越呈复合型特点的情况下,社工组织扮演的角色也越来越多元。社工组织在灾后重建中主要以直接或初级服务为主,面对案主在直接接触过程中达到服务目的,如团体工作、小区工作以及各种治疗、辅导、咨询等方法。     

汶川地震期间高职学生焦虑状况调查分析

运用《状态-特质焦虑问卷（STAI）》和《简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）》对西安地区部分高职院校258名大学生进行测试，探查其在汶川地震期间的心理焦虑状况及其与应对方式的关系。研究得出如下结论：（1）汶川地震期间，高职大学生心理状况相对稳定；（2）高职大学生的焦虑有显著的个体差异；（3）高职大学生的应对方式对其焦虑心理有一定影响。     

西方主流媒体对汶川地震报道的比较研究

通过定量研究的方式,以美国《华盛顿邮报》、《纽约时报》和英国《泰晤士报》、《卫报》四家西方主流媒体有关我国5.12汶川特大地震报道作为研究样本,分别从报道主体、报道视角、报道体裁及报道态度方面进行定性对比分析研究。