Re-evaluating the Community Question from a German perspective

The far-reaching effects of the social systemic division of labor on the organization and contents of primary ties make the Community Question an important issue for many sociologists. This paper looks at the personal embeddedness of families in three German cities (Berlin, Hamburg, and Stuttgart) and examines the Community Question with data collected at the end of 2003. It is based on the theoretical views of Wellman [Wellman, B., 1979. The community question. The intimate networks of East Yorkers. American Journal of Sociology 84, 1201–1231], who used a network analysis perspective to conceptualize “the Community Question”. The results of this German study generally support the results of Wellman's second East York Study. However, the network structures analyzed in my study vary from the three ideal-type models. Cluster analysis shows that Wellman's typology can be replicated relatively well in Germany. In contrast to traditional discourse related to the Community Question, particular network types are not associated with low levels of social relations. Moreover, structural factors do not explain the existence of different network types. Thus, the networks are not a product of only one community model. They suggest that it is less helpful to talk about “Saved”, “Lost”, or “Liberated” communities than it is to regard communities as a mixture of strongly-knit nuclear clusters and of broader, sparsely-knit relations that provide access to different groups and their resources.     

浅谈后勤社会化条件下的学生思想政治工作

通过分析高校后勤社会化后的新情况,探讨新形势下学生思想政治工作的新特点,并结合管理实践,提出了在后勤社会化新条件下提高教育管理工作主动性和实效性的系列措施。     

国际合作计划生育结合项目与社区发展——云南罗平县结合项目实践的分析

根据云南省罗平县结合项目实施情况的实地考察,从社区发展方法的视角,对项目实施过程中的社区宣传、社区组织、资金筹措、效果评估和基层总体项目管理能力等方面进行了分析.     

古代蒙古社会的成吉思汗崇拜

英雄崇拜体现了一个民族的审美文化传统,作为蒙古族的缔造者,曾经创下震惊世界伟业的一代天骄成吉思汗,是广大蒙古族民众引以骄傲和自豪的英雄,成吉思汗崇拜无疑成了蒙古族社会的流行。成吉思汗崇拜是在蒙古族特殊的发展进程中形成,它对早期蒙古国家、民族的发展以及统一元朝的建立都产生了重大而深远的影响。     

The use of GIS in informal settlement upgrading: its role and impact on the community and on local government

The Urban Geographical Information Systems (GIS) Group within the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Cape Town has been coordinating a pilot informal settlement upgrading in Cape Town since 1998. The project objective has been the evolution of a model-based approach to informal settlement upgrading that is both structured and replicable. It was felt that the only way this could be achieved was through the use of a spatial data management system operated through a GIS system. The spatial database has been used for all facets of data collection and data process and forms the basis for all decision-making. Thus it covers all physical data pertaining to the site, cadastral and shack data, demographic and socio-economic data (with an in-depth review of every household) economic opportunities and physical planning and design data. The result is a comprehensive, integrated, settlement upgrading methodology that is built upon a GIS-based spatial data management framework. Such a framework is seen as the basic building block for large-scale informal settlement upgrading.     

贵州健康老龄化的非经济制约因素

贵州省人口老龄化具有农村人口老龄化程度高于城镇、性别比偏低、文化水平较低,且民族、地区差异明显的特点。目前制约健康老龄化的非经济因素主要有法制环境问题,政府、社区组织老年工作问题,以及养老文化面临冲击的问题。针对存在问题提出三条相应对策。     

习近平外交话语英译的叙事建构 ——以《论坚持推动建构人类命运共同体》为例

作为习近平外交专著,《论坚持推动建构人类命运共同体》集中体现了新时代中国特色社会主义外交思想,全面体现了习近平外交叙事风格。以莫娜·贝克的叙事学概念为基础对习近平外交话语及英译进行分析,既能凸显译者作为翻译主体的作用和功效,又有助于中国外交叙事的建构。通过叙事策略的运作,包括建构时空、选择性采用文本素材、建构标示以及再定位人物事件,译文重构了习近平外交话语的本体叙事、公共叙事、概念叙事以及元叙事。同时,叙事学与外交翻译的结合不仅拓宽叙事学学科领域,为外交话语研究提供新视角,而且为完成既定的翻译使命提供了新的路径参考。保持政治上的高度、揣摩文化上的深度、把握思维上的向度以及巧用技能上的广度都成为译者顺利完成叙事建构的重要因素。     

恩格斯对“自由人联合体”思想形成的独特贡献

“自由人联合体”思想是《共产党宣言》中的重要思想。恩格斯对这一思想的形成有着独特性的贡献。依据经典文本,恩格斯的独特性贡献主要体现在如下四方面:从社会秩序出发揭示资产阶级社会的无序性事实,阐明构建“自由人联合体”之必要性;从利益出发论证共产主义社会所应遵循的共同利益原则,阐明“自由人联合体”之优越性;从人性与自由关系出发阐述资产阶级社会中人性丧失的状况,阐明“自由人联合体”之价值性;从社会实践出发提出消灭资本主义私有制、推翻资产阶级统治、实现共产主义的革命道路,阐明“自由人联合体”之革命性。     

全球替代性食物体系综述

在世界各地,农业食品领域的工业化造成了日益严重的环境、经济和社会问题,如环境污染、 大量碳排放、食品安全危机、小农边缘化和小农生计的难以维系。 为了应对这些问题,多个国家的不同 群体建立了多种多样的替代性食物体系,如社区支持农业、农夫市集、共同购买、社区菜园等。 替代性食 物体系自 2009 年进入中国至今已有十年,获得了较大发展。 然而,国内研究较少关注国际替代性食物 体系产生的背景及理念。 文章从替代食物体系的产生和发展、主要特征、国内外差异以及学术界的批判 等几个方面进行概述,全面介绍相关的关键问题和概念,为推动国内替代性食物体系研究的发展助力。     

如何建立社区支持农业中的消费者信任——惠州四季分享有机农场的个案研究

信任对 CSA 经济的可持续至关重要。 文章基于信任建立过程和信任发展的阶段性理论,通过单案例的研究方法探讨如何构建社区支持农业中的消费者信任。 研究结果表明:消费者信任的建立分为初始信任与持续信任两个阶段。 在潜在消费者的初始信任阶段,直接或间接关系、公开的信息、农 场主特征和消费体验会引发消费者的计算过程、转移过程、预测过程、意图过程和能力过程而建立消费 者初始信任。 在会员的持续信任阶段,用户体验和社会联系会引发消费者的预测过程和意图过程而维 持会员对农场的信任。