QALYs versus WTP.

Quality adjusted life years (QALYs) and willingness to pay (WTP) are alternative measures of the value of reductions in health risk that are often used in evaluating environmental, health, and safety practices. Although both methods are based on individual preferences, the underlying assumptions differ. The different bases yield systematically different conclusions about the relative value of reducing health and mortality risks to individuals that differ in age, preexisting health conditions, income, and other factors. The choice of which method to use depends on judgments about what constraints should be placed on individual preferences and what factors should be considered in aggregating preferences across people.     

网络公司价值评估的理论模式

网络经济时代,网络公司的价值评估为传统价值评估理论带来了挑战,如何让投资者正确认识网络公司的价值,本文就网络公司的特点与网络公司的价值评估的理论模式与方法进行了探讨。     

森林生物多样性支付意愿影响因素及价值评估——以甘肃省迭部县为例

以甘肃省迭部县为例,综合运用Logistic回归和CVM两种方法,通过问卷调查的形式,分析宗教信仰、职业、年均家庭收入、对森林生物多样性了解程度等因素对森林生物多样性支付意愿的影响,并运用CVM方法估算迭部县森林生物多样性的年价值。结果表明：居民对森林生物多样性的保护存在一定的支付意愿;学生和个体工商业者以及无宗教信仰、年均收入较高、对森林生物多样性了解程度较高的居民总体上支付意愿更强;迭部县森林生物多样性的年评估价值在397296元／a～1732652元／a,平均支付意愿值为7．20元／a-31．40元／a。     

Is Transport Safety More Valuable in the Air?

Using a contingent valuation survey, people's willingness to pay for a given risk reduction is found to be much larger, consistently more than two times as large, when traveling by air compared to by taxi. Follow-up questions revealed that an important reason for this discrepancy is that many experience a higher mental suffering from flying, and that they are willing to pay to reduce this suffering. It was also consistently found that people are willing to pay more for a certain risk reduction if the original price was higher. Policy implications are discussed.     

试论战略管理会计及其在我国的应用前景

战略管理会计是对传统管理会计的重要发展,对企业的战略决策起到重要的作用,为企业的管理提供信息,使企业获得持久的战略竞争力。本文从战略管理会计的特点出发,然后对其在我国企业应用的必要性加以讨论,体现了其与传统管理会计相比的优越性,最终对战略管理会计在我国的应用前景提出了自己的认识。     

Effects of Disease Type and Latency on the Value of Mortality Risk

We evaluate the effects of disease type and latency on willingness to pay (WTP) to reduce environmental risks of chronic, degenerative disease. Using contingent-valuation data collected from approximately 1,200 respondents in Taiwan, we find that WTP declines with latency between exposure to environmental contaminants and manifestation of any resulting disease, at a 1.5 percent annual rate for a 20 year latency period. WTP to reduce the risk of cancer is estimated to be about one-third larger than WTP to reduce risk of a similar chronic, degenerative disease. The value of risk reduction also depends on the affected organ, environmental pathway, or payment mechanism: estimated WTP to reduce the risk of lung disease due to industrial air pollution is twice as large as WTP to reduce the risk of liver disease due to contaminated drinking water.     

Valuing International Safety Externalities: Does the “Golden Rule” Apply?

Journal of Risk and Uncertainty - How should a developed country quantify the costs and benefits of the safety externalities that its energy and environmental policies generate for a developing...     

Behavioral Economics and Regulatory Analysis

Behavioral economics has captured the interest of scholars and the general public by demonstrating ways in which individuals make decisions that appear irrational. While increasing attention is being focused on the implications of this research for the design of risk‐reducing policies, less attention has been paid to how it affects the economic valuation of policy consequences. This article considers the latter issue, reviewing the behavioral economics literature and discussing its implications for the conduct of benefit‐cost analysis, particularly in the context of environmental, health, and safety regulations. We explore three concerns: using estimates of willingness to pay or willingness to accept compensation for valuation, considering the psychological aspects of risk when valuing mortality‐risk reductions, and discounting future consequences. In each case, we take the perspective that analysts should avoid making judgments about whether values are “rational” or “irrational.” Instead, they should make every effort to rely on well‐designed studies, using ranges, sensitivity analysis, or probabilistic modeling to reflect uncertainty. More generally, behavioral research has led some to argue for a more paternalistic approach to policy analysis. We argue instead for continued focus on describing the preferences of those affected, while working to ensure that these preferences are based on knowledge and careful reflection.     

带核实赋值环上的多项式矩阵

本文旨在研究带核实赋值环上的多项式矩阵．在本文中，关于带核实赋值环上的多项式矩阵的半代数点定理被建立，同时正定矩阵与半正定矩阵的平方和表示也得到表明．     

中国法定的房地产估价体系及对应模式

根据《中华人民共和国城市房地产管理法》第三条、第三十二条、第三十三条的规定，刻划出中国房地产估价体系的法定总框架，提出了一个基于《中华人民共和国城市房地产管理法》和国际惯例的评估技术路线，用以证明中国法定的房地产估价体系。