Collegiate Recovery Communities Programs: What Do We Know and What Do We Need to Know?

As the broad construct of recovery increasingly guides addiction services and policy, federal agencies have called for the expansion of peer-driven recovery support services. The high prevalence of substance use and abuse in colleges and universities in the United States constitutes a significant obstacle to pursuing an education for the unknown number of youths who have attained remission from substance use dependence. Collegiate recovery programs (CRPs) are an innovative and growing model of peer-driven recovery support delivered on college campuses. Although no systematic research has examined CRPs, available site-level records suggest encouraging outcomes: low relapse rates and above-average academic achievement. The number of CRPs nationwide is growing, but there is a noticeable lack of data on the model, its students, and their outcomes. We review the literature supporting the need for the expansion of CRPs, present information on the diversity of CRP services, and outline key areas where research is needed.     

Gender differences in gambling preferences and problem gambling: a network-level analysis

Most gambling studies have a gender-blind research approach, although a large body of scientific evidence suggests that gambling in females is on the rise and that males and females have different gambling behaviours and experience specific gambling-related harm. This study addressed these gender differences using a network analysis, an innovative approach considering disorders/concepts as dynamic systems of interacting symptoms/items. Data on gambling activities, problem gambling, substance use and mental health were collected in a representative sample of French adult gamblers (n = 8805). The study capitalized on the network analysis directly to compare associations of specific gambling activities with gambling disorder symptoms separately for both genders. The network analysis revealed that problem gambling was strongly associated with gambling machines among females, whereas it was related to sports betting, poker and casino games among males. The networks that included substance use and mental health showed that substance use was related to specific gambling activities. These findings confirm the links between various gender-specific gambling patterns and problem gambling and suggest a need to consider these gender differences to improve prevention efforts. More broadly, the present study further supports the importance of gender differences for gambling research and policy.     

Appalachian Women’s Use of Substance Abuse Treatment: Examining the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations

The Gelberg–Andersen Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations was applied to understand vulnerable Appalachian women’s (N = 400) utilization of addiction treatment. A secondary data analysis included multiple multivariate analyses. The strongest correlates of treatment utilization included ever injecting drugs (OR = 2.77), limited availability of substance abuse treatment facilities (OR = 2.03), and invalidated violence abuse claims (OR = 2.12). This study contributes theory-driven research to the greater social work addiction literature by confirming that vulnerable domains related to substance abuse treatment utilization warrant unique considerations compared to nonvulnerable domains. Findings also highlight the importance of understanding the unique role that cultural factors play in treatment utilization among Appalachian women. Inferences relevant to clinicians and policymakers are discussed.     

大学生网游成瘾案例引发的思考

通过分析一则大学生网游成瘾的案例及其心理诱因——人际交往受挫、学习目标迷失、抑郁人格特征形成、社会支持缺乏,找到矫正策略——认知重建,压力排解,责任归位,勇于“空杯”,以期引发对大学生网游成瘾问题的进一步思考。     

Risk Factors in Adolescence: The Case of Gambling, Videogame Playing, and the Internet

It has been noted that adolescents may be more susceptible to pathological gambling. Not only is it usually illegal, but it appears to be related to high levels of problem gambling and other delinquent activities such as illicit drug taking and alcohol abuse. This paper examines risk factors not only in adolescent gambling but also in videogame playing (which shares many similarities with gambling). There appear to be three main forms of adolescent gambling that have been widely researched. Adolescent gambling activities and general risk factors in adolescent gambling are provided. As well, the influence of technology on adolescents in the form of both videogames and the Internet are examined. It is argued that technologically advanced forms of gambling may be highly appealing to adolescents.     

高校学生越轨行为成因及对策思考

高校学生个体或群体在其主观意识的支配下,偏离社会主导行为规范的行为称之为高校学生越轨行为.高校学生的越轨行为严重影响着高校学生的成长和社会的稳定发展.为此,家庭需给予高校学生正确引导和适度关注,学校需加强和改进对高校学生的思想政治教育和管理工作,社会需创造适合高校学生健康成长的良好社会环境.     

高职生网络成瘾心理探析

网络在给人们的生活带来便利的同时也容易使人产生依赖。高职生网络成瘾既受个体人格因素影响,也反映出某些心理需求未得到满足。通过帮助高职生做好职业生涯规划,培养健康的上网模式,消除挫折情境,转移注意力,加强心理健康教育以及专业的心理干预等,可以引导高职生科学使用网络,远离网络成瘾,更好的适应社会。     

体育运动干预高校大学生网瘾的实证研究

选取24名网络成瘾高校大学生为研究对象,分为对照组和实验组。针对实验组学生网络成瘾问题进行综合分析,开出对应的体育运动方法进行干预。结果表明：实验组学生在运动后网络成瘾测评数值得分降低幅度非常明显。体育运动对于促进大学生心理康复有积极作用,从而有效地戒除网瘾。回测数据表明,运动处方对大学生预防和戒除网络成瘾具有效性和可...     

大学生网络成瘾与心理障碍的关系

目的:研究大学生网络成瘾与心理障碍的关系。方法:运用Youg编制的网络成瘾临床诊断问卷对就诊的130名偏头痛大学生进行调查,其中对于符合网络成瘾的大学生再运用SCL-90自评量表进行测试评分,同时,选择相同人数的非网络成瘾大学生进行对照。结果:130名偏头痛大学生中符合Yong临床诊断≥5分指标的人数为52人,诊断为网络成瘾症。SCL-90自评量表对52名网络成痛大学生测评结果显示因子分≥3分者45人,检出率为86.54%。非IAD大学生中因子分≥3分者12人,检出率为23.08%,经统计学处理,检出率有明显差异(x2=42.28,P<0.01)。结论:大学生网络成瘾与心理障碍成正相关,且网络成瘾大学生心理障碍的合并程度明显高于非网络成瘾的大学生。     

Smoking Restrictions as a Self-Control Mechanism

Using data from Current Population Survey Tobacco Use Supplements spanning 1992–2002, this study shows that smokers who plan to quit smoking are more supportive of regulations than are other smokers. Failed quitters who plan to try again are more supportive of restrictions than are smokers planning to quit for the first time. These findings indicate that many smokers support regulatory restrictions to reduce their costs of quitting by exploiting the discipline offered by regulatory control. From 1992 to 2002, support for smoking restrictions in public areas rose dramatically among both nonsmokers and smokers.JEL Classification: I180, I120, H000